william shakespeare’s macbeth
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William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Elements of Drama. Shakespeare. 1564-1616 Stratford-on-Avon, England wrote 37 plays about 154 sonnets started out as an actor. Stage Celebrity. Actor for Lord Chamberlain’s Men (London theater co.) Also > principal playwright for them - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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William Shakespeare’s
Macbeth
William Shakespeare’s
MacbethElements of DramaElements of Drama
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ShakespeareShakespeare 1564-1616 Stratford-on-Avon, England
wrote 37 plays about 154 sonnets started out as an actor
1564-1616 Stratford-on-Avon, England
wrote 37 plays about 154 sonnets started out as an actor
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Stage CelebrityStage Celebrity Actor for Lord Chamberlain’s Men (London theater co.)
Also > principal playwright for them
1599> Lord Ch. Co. built Globe Theater where most of Sh. Play’s were performed
Actor for Lord Chamberlain’s Men (London theater co.)
Also > principal playwright for them
1599> Lord Ch. Co. built Globe Theater where most of Sh. Play’s were performed
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Shakespeare wrote:
Shakespeare wrote:
ComediesHistoriesTragedies
ComediesHistoriesTragedies
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The TheaterThe Theater Plays produced for the general public
Roofless>open air No artificial lighting Courtyard surrounded by 3 levels of galleries
Plays produced for the general public
Roofless>open air No artificial lighting Courtyard surrounded by 3 levels of galleries
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SpectatorsSpectators Wealthy got benches “Groundlings”>poorer people stood and watched from the courtyard (“pit”)
All but wealthy were uneducated/illiterate
Much more interaction than today
Wealthy got benches “Groundlings”>poorer people stood and watched from the courtyard (“pit”)
All but wealthy were uneducated/illiterate
Much more interaction than today
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Staging AreasStaging Areas
Stage>platform that extended into the pit
Dressing & storage rooms in galleries behind & above stage
second-level gallery> upper stage> famous balcony scene in R & J
Trap door>ghosts “Heavens”> angelic beings
Stage>platform that extended into the pit
Dressing & storage rooms in galleries behind & above stage
second-level gallery> upper stage> famous balcony scene in R & J
Trap door>ghosts “Heavens”> angelic beings
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DifferencesDifferences No scenery Settings > references in dialogue
Elaborate costumes Plenty of props Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!
No scenery Settings > references in dialogue
Elaborate costumes Plenty of props Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!
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ActorsActors Only men and boys Young boys whose voices had not changed play women’s roles
Would have been considered indecent for a woman to appear on stage
Only men and boys Young boys whose voices had not changed play women’s roles
Would have been considered indecent for a woman to appear on stage
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Elizabethan (QE1) Words
Elizabethan (QE1) Words
An,and: If Anon: Soon Aye: Yes But: Except for E’en: Even E’er: Ever
An,and: If Anon: Soon Aye: Yes But: Except for E’en: Even E’er: Ever
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QE1 Words (contin.)QE1 Words (contin.)
Haply: PerhapsHappy: FortunateHence: Away, from her
Hie: HurryMarry: Indeed
Haply: PerhapsHappy: FortunateHence: Away, from her
Hie: HurryMarry: Indeed
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QE1 Words (contin.)QE1 Words (contin.)
Whence: WhereWilt: Will, will you
Withal: In addition to
Would: Wish
Whence: WhereWilt: Will, will you
Withal: In addition to
Would: Wish
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Blank VerseBlank Verse Much of R & J is written in it:unrhymed verseiambic (unstressed, stressed)pentameter( 5 “feet” to a line)ends up to be 10 syllable lines
Much of R & J is written in it:unrhymed verseiambic (unstressed, stressed)pentameter( 5 “feet” to a line)ends up to be 10 syllable lines
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ProseProseOrdinary writing that is not poetry, drama, or songOnly characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays
Why do you suppose that is?
Ordinary writing that is not poetry, drama, or songOnly characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays
Why do you suppose that is?
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PlotPlotThe sequence of events in a literary work
The sequence of events in a literary work
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ExpositionExpositionThe plot usually begins with this:introduces>>>>
settingcharactersbasic situation
The plot usually begins with this:introduces>>>>
settingcharactersbasic situation
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Inciting MomentInciting MomentOften called “initial incident”the first bit of action that occurs which begins the plot
Romeo and Juliet “lock eyes” at the party
Often called “initial incident”the first bit of action that occurs which begins the plot
Romeo and Juliet “lock eyes” at the party
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ConflictConflictThe struggle that developsman vs. manman vs. himselfman vs. societyman vs. nature
The struggle that developsman vs. manman vs. himselfman vs. societyman vs. nature
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CrisisCrisisThe point where the protagonist’s situation will either get better or worseprotagonist>good guyantagonist>bad guy
The point where the protagonist’s situation will either get better or worseprotagonist>good guyantagonist>bad guy
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ClimaxClimaxThe turning point of the story>everything begins to unravel from here Thus begins the falling action
The turning point of the story>everything begins to unravel from here Thus begins the falling action
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ResolutionResolutionThe end of the central conflict
The end of the central conflict
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DenouementDenouementThe final explanation or outcome of the plotIf this is included in literature, it will occur after the resolution.
The final explanation or outcome of the plotIf this is included in literature, it will occur after the resolution.
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Tragedy (Shakespearean)
Tragedy (Shakespearean)
Drama where the central character/s suffer disaster/great misfortune In many tragedies, downfall results from>
FateCharacter flaw/Fatal flawCombination of the two
Drama where the central character/s suffer disaster/great misfortune In many tragedies, downfall results from>
FateCharacter flaw/Fatal flawCombination of the two
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ThemeThemeCentral idea or >>
Insight about life which explain the downfall
Central idea or >>
Insight about life which explain the downfall
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Metaphorical Language
Metaphorical Language
Comparison of unlike things > Paris standing over the “lifeless body” of Juliet, “Sweet flower, with flowers thy bridal bed I strew…”
“Thou detestable maw…”Gorged with the dearest morsel of the earth…” Romeo
Comparison of unlike things > Paris standing over the “lifeless body” of Juliet, “Sweet flower, with flowers thy bridal bed I strew…”
“Thou detestable maw…”Gorged with the dearest morsel of the earth…” Romeo
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Dramatic FoilDramatic FoilA character whose purpose is to show off another characterBenvolio for Tybalt
look for others in R & J
A character whose purpose is to show off another characterBenvolio for Tybalt
look for others in R & J
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Round characters
Round characters
Characters who have many personality traits, like real people.
Characters who have many personality traits, like real people.
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Flat Characters
Flat Characters
One-dimensional, embodying only a single traitShakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy
One-dimensional, embodying only a single traitShakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy
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Static Characters
Static Characters
Characters within a story who remain the same. They do not change. They do not change their minds, opinions or character.
Characters within a story who remain the same. They do not change. They do not change their minds, opinions or character.
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Dynamic CharacterDynamic Character
Characters that change somehow during the course of the plot. They generally change for the better.
Characters that change somehow during the course of the plot. They generally change for the better.
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MonologueMonologue One person speaking on stage > may be other character on stage tooex > the Prince of Verona commanding the Capulets and Montagues to cease feuding
One person speaking on stage > may be other character on stage tooex > the Prince of Verona commanding the Capulets and Montagues to cease feuding
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SoliloquySoliloquyLong speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. In R & J, Romeo gives a soliloquy after the servant has fled and Paris has died.
Long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. In R & J, Romeo gives a soliloquy after the servant has fled and Paris has died.
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AsideAsideWords spoken, usually in an undertone not intended to be heard by all characters
Words spoken, usually in an undertone not intended to be heard by all characters
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PunPun Shakespeare loved to use them!!!Humorous use of a word with two meanings > sometimes missed by the reader because of Elizabethan language and sexual innuendo
Shakespeare loved to use them!!!Humorous use of a word with two meanings > sometimes missed by the reader because of Elizabethan language and sexual innuendo
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Direct AddressDirect Address
Words that tell the reader who is being addressed:
“A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.”
“Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”
Words that tell the reader who is being addressed:
“A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.”
“Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”
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Dramatic IronyDramatic IronyA contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader/audience knows to be true
A contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader/audience knows to be true
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Verbal IronyVerbal IronyWords used to suggest the opposite of what is meant
Words used to suggest the opposite of what is meant
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Situational Irony
Situational Irony
An event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience
An event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience
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Comic ReliefComic Relief Use of comedy within literature that is NOT comedy to provide “relief” from seriousness or sadness.
In R & J, look for moments of comic relief that help “relieve” the tragedy of the situation
Use of comedy within literature that is NOT comedy to provide “relief” from seriousness or sadness.
In R & J, look for moments of comic relief that help “relieve” the tragedy of the situation