william goldner, ph.d. chair, biobased product and bioenergy coordination council and national...
TRANSCRIPT
William Goldner, Ph.D. Chair, Biobased Product and Bioenergy
Coordination Council and National Program Leader, Competitive Programs,
CSREESand
Harry Baumes, Ph.D.Associate Director, Office of Energy Policy
and New Uses, Office of the Chief Economist
USDA Update: A Systems Approach…OPPORTUNITIES FOR
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOBASED PRODUCTS
OVERVIEW
How We Arrived at Where We Are 2008 Farm Bill National Bioenergy Coordination USDA Bioenergy and Biobased
Products Coordination USDA/REE Energy Strategic Plan Relevant USDA Competitive Programs Closing Remarks: Looking Ahead
How We Arrived at Where We Are
High Oil and Gasoline Prices 2006, 2007 and 2008 State of the Union
Addresses Low corn and commodity prices Significant Investment in Biofuels
Industry Global Economic Growth
How We Arrived at Where We Are
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 RFS 2 GHG Reductions
ISSUES IN 2008 Energy & Commodity Price Run-up Food & Fuel Indirect Land Use Collapse of the Financial Sector and Commodity
Bubble
Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008
RFS1
Conventional Corn Starch
WTI and Conventional Gasoline Prices
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Rising Energy Prices
How We Arrived at Where We Are
Corn – Ethanol PricesEthanol – Corn Price Spread Profitability Indicator
Ethanol - Corn Price Spread
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How We Arrived at Where We Are
2008 Farm Bill
Biomass Research and Development Initiative (9008) Research, development, demonstration grants
(CSREES/DOE) Shared risk through demonstration and
commercialization grant and loan guarantee programs (RD)
Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels Biomass Crop Assistance Program (FSA) Forest Biomass for Energy (FS) Conservation Reserve Program will include biomass
for energy production (FSA) BioPreferred Program becomes the Biobased
Markets Program
Energy Title IX
The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
2008 Farm Bill
The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
Research Title VII
•Research Management and Coordination
•Research, Education, and Extension Funding
Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI)
•Bioenergy Research (Authorized)
National Biomass R & D
Biomass Research and Development (BRDI) Board - National Biomass and Biofuels Coordination (USDA, DOE Chairs) USDA, DOE, EPA, DOI, DOD, DOT, NSF,
other National Biofuels Action Plan Economics of Biomass Feedstocks in the U.S. Interagency Working Groups
Resource Needs and Research Recommendations Focus and Coordination toward Implementation
Interagency Working Groups
Sustainable Biofuels Production Feedstock Production Feedstock Logistics Conversion Science and Technology Distribution Infrastructure Blending Environment, Health, and Safety
USDA Energy Leadership
Energy Council Coordination Committee Policy-oriented
Biobased Product and Bioenergy Coordination Council (BBCC) Authorized to coordinate research, policy, and
implementation strategies
Goal: Create a systematic approach for USDA energy priority setting, coordination, and implementation
Developing a Roadmap forResearch, Education, and Extension
The Secretary must prepare a roadmap for agricultural research, extension, & education
Identify major opportunities & knowledge gaps Stakeholders involved in preparation Incorporate other roadmaps for ag research Recommend funding levels
USDA/REE Energy Science Strategic Plan for Research,
Education, and Extension
ARS, CSREES, ERS, NASS and Our University Partners
THE FIRST STEP In September 2007, REE held an
“Energy Science and Education Workshop.”
Attendees at this workshop included leaders in bioenergy and bioproducts research from the USDA, other federal agencies and the nation’s leading Institutions of higher learning.
The product of this workshop is a roadmap for REE’s future bioenergy research, education and extension programs.
USDA/REE Energy Science and Education Workshop
USDA Energy Research, Education, and Extension Strategy
This Plan presents a This Plan presents a unifying vision and goals forunifying vision and goals for
research, education and extensionresearch, education and extensionenergy initiativesenergy initiatives
www.reeusda.govwww.reeusda.gov
Purpose of the Plan
Establish focus and facilitate collaboration Create public benefit through both internal
activities and partnerships Pursue reliable and sustainable sources of
agriculture and natural resource-based energy and biobased products
Promote the health of rural communities Provide responsible stewardship of our
natural resources
Unique Resources and Capacities
Regional and local outreach Genetic resources, collections and crop breeding/genetics/genomic
expertise for feedstock development Systems approach to feedstock development, production, and
conversion Feedstock logistics (harvest, transportation, storage, and pre-
treatment) The use of animal manures, crop & forest residues, and other
residuals as feedstocks Development of biobased products and value-added co-products A network of dedicated laboratories for performing basic and applied
research Integration of basic and applied research, education, and
Cooperative Extension in land-grant universities Integration and coordination of activities among the REE agencies
(ARS, CSREES, ERS, NASS)
5-year Leadership Objectives
USDA Energy Research, Education, and Extension Plan is recognized for its innovation across REE, USDA, Federal agencies, Congress and university community.
The Energy Research, Education, and Extension Plan is incorporated into U.S. national energy strategy and action plans.
Successful implementation of all initiatives, with outcomes continuously re-evaluated and executed for maximum achievement.
A strong network of partners with a shared vision is in place. Vibrant and effective public and private partnerships focused on specific
issues with defined scopes exist at the national, regional, State, and local levels.
Organized educational partnerships, including youth and adult education as well as college curricula are in place.
Well-established marketing partnerships with scientific, educational, and industrial organizations are functioning.
Programmatic Goals Sustainable agriculture and natural
resource-based energy production Sustainable bioeconomies for rural
communities Efficient use of energy and energy
conservation Workforce development for the
bioeconomy
Goal 1: Sustainable Agriculture and NaturalResource-Based Energy ProductionResults by 2013:
Whole life-cycle analyses of at least two potential regionally appropriate production systems.
High quality, cost effective feedstocks are developed. High quality, cost effective feedstocks are sustainably produced following
REE science-based conservation plans. Demonstrate at least two scalable conversion technologies suitable for
regional energy production. Sustainable integrated harvesting, transportation, storage, conversion,
and distribution systems exist. Analysis of environmental and economic impact of bioenergy production
will have been conducted at the regional and national levels. Analytical tools have been developed to assess the site-specific impacts
of bioenergy feedstock production. Comprehensive databases of feedstock characteristics are publicly
accessible.
Goal 2: Sustainable BioeconomiesResults by 2013: Decision tools are available and training in their use is provided
to all farmers, rural communities, processors, and policy makers..
Cooperative Extension educators are fully trained to support farmers, processors, and rural communities
eXtension Communities of Practice are formed to support farmers, processors, and rural communities
Biobased products and bioenergy coproducts have been evaluated for sustainability and market potential for regional integrated bioeconomies.
Those farmers, communities, and processors displaced by a growing bioenergy industry in transitioning to new viable economic activities are assisted.
Goal 3: Energy Efficiency & Conservation
Results by 2013:
Energy education programs, including eXtension Communities of Practice established by Cooperative Extension personnel to reach traditional and non-traditional audiences.
Energy intensity of agricultural production reduced by 10 percent.
Establish a national agriculture- and natural-resource-based energy awareness campaign.
Promote energy conservation awareness across the United States.
Goal 4: Human Capital Development
Results by 2013:
Triple the number of students in college- and university- based bioenergy & bioeconomy education programs.
A large proportion of high school students are aware of and take action on bioenergy concepts and agriculture and natural resource roles in developing the country’s energy future.
Expertise is available to implement Cooperative Extension energy programs across all States.
Critical to Implementation
Creating Partnerships for Plan Implementation USDA & Federal Agencies University and State Partners Associations and Organizations Industry
Energy Plan Implementation
24 Month Goal Action Plan Initial Goal Action Plan (Complete) Identify Goal Leaders/Teams (Complete) Evaluate Goal Implementation Team Plans
(Ongoing) Agency Program Alignment (ARS, CSREES,
ERS, NASS) USDA Energy Summit: Building and Growing
Partnerships September 29-30, 2008)
Bioenergy, Complex and Interdisciplinary
Issues and Concerns Sustainability
Climate Change Environment Social Land Use
Consistency of Supply and feedstock quality
Policy Objectives Energy security Implementation EISA Implementation FCEA
Complex and Interdisciplinary Work
Energy inputs for farming
FertilizerCarbon in
kernelsCarbon in ethanol
DGS
N2O emissions from soil and water streams
In direct land use changes for other crops and in
other regions
Change insoil carbon
CO2 emissions from ethanol combustion
CO2 emissions during fermentation
CO2 in the atmosphereCO2 via
Photosynthesis
Conventional animal feed production cycle
Fossil energy inputs to ethanol plant
GHG Benefits and Burdens for Fuel Ethanol Cycle Occur at Different Stages (and With Different Players)
1
FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Estimate
Biobased Products, Bioenergy/Renewable Energy Related Programs
Commercialization…………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………… $43,385 $83,243 $170,750 $175,171 $118,209 $116,877 $50,999 $76,109
Research and Development ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 73,535 88,852 111,040 116,961 113,395 112,841 113,941 116,600
Education and Outreach………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 0 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,909 1,753 1,924
Energy Efficiency and Conservation……………………………...……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,059 7,539 723 0 0 3,152 689 689
Total, Discretionary (Budget Authority)…………………………………………….………………. 123,979 179,634 283,513 293,132 232,604 234,779 167,382 195,322
Total, Discretionary + Loans/Guarantees…………………………………………….………………. (153,637) (176,814) (261,673) (293,132) (242,125) (274,216) (289,373) (458,387)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUREBiobased Products, Bioenergy/Renewable Energy Related Programs
(Dollars in Thousands)
Source: USDA, Office of Budget and Program Analysis
USDA Bioenergy and Bioproduct Funding
Transition…
CSREES
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
CSREES Organizational Changes
National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) established by October 1, 2009 Agency head appointed to a 6-year term
by the President Reports directly to the Secretary or
designee CSREES Authorities will be Incorporated
into The National Institute
Other ProvisionsNRI & IFAFS combined into Agriculture and Food
Research Initiative (AFRI) to become the core competitive grant program for research, education and extension Effective in FY 2009 Research funding split 60% to fundamental and
40% to applied. Authorizes up to $700,000,000 annual funding Not less than 30% for integrated projects 406 authority maintained and referenced
CSREES/National Institute Programs
Biomass Research and Development Initiative – competitive (RFA just released)
Agricultural Materials Program - non-competitive Formula funding Special Research Grants
Small Business Innovation Research Program – competitive
Agriculture and Food Research Initiative – competitive Higher Education Grants - competitive
Challenge Grants National Needs Fellowships
Sustainable Agricultural Research Education (SARE) Program
www.csrees.usda.gov
Biomass Research and Development Initiative (9008)
USDA ($20 M) and DOE ($1-5 M) Joint Solicitation FY 2009
USDA funding will grow to $40 M in 2012 Focus on Research, development, and
demonstration Sustainability Feedstock Development and Production Feedstock Conversion Analysis
http://www.csrees.usda.gov
Agricultural and Food Research Initiative
$5.4M in 2008
2009 Information Posting November, 2008
RFA anticipated release early February, 2009
http://www.csrees.usda.gov
Biobased Products Bioenergy Program
NRI/AFRI Success Story
Ramon Gonzalez at Rice University developed a new fermentation process that uses E. coli to convert glycerol into high-value chemicals, like succinate.
Joint Solicitation with DOE Office of Science - $10.8 M Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy
Regulation of genes, proteins and metabolites Genetic markers for more efficient plant breeding. Understanding of the structure, function, and organization
of plant genomes 2007 - Perennial grasses, sorghum, poplar, alfalfa 2008 – Foxtail millet, willow, switchgrass, pine, rice,
sunflower
http://genomicsgtl.energy.gov
Agricultural and Food Research Initiative
Small Business Innovation Research
Forests & Related Resources
Small & Mid-Sized Farms
Plant Production and Protection - Biology
Biofuels and Biobased Products
Plant Production & Protection-
Engineering
Topic Areas That Support Bioenergy and Biobased Products (and Industrial Crop) Research
Small Business Innovation Research
Production of next generation biofuels and related co-products (no support for corn grain ethanol)
New crops for the production of non-food biobased products
New non-food biobased products from new industrial crops
New biobased plastics
www.csrees.usda.gov/fo/sbir
Biofuels and Biobased Products (8.8) 2009 Emphasis
SBIR Success Story•Resodyn Corp developed technology to convert waste grease and tallow from meat rendering plants into biodiesel.
•The successful technology was licensed for $29 MM and three biodiesel plants have been built in the Midwest.
Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program
In the past five years: $3.5 million in support for small businesses
and their university and ARS partners to conduct industrial crop development and product research
Tobacco, kenaf, sorghum, camelina, algae, sweet potato, guayule, switchgrass, jojoba, and jatropha
SBIR Success Story
Native Seedsters Inc. developed a switchgrass seed harvester and has sold its first units to Noble Foundation and Ceres.
Closing Remarks Focus on sustainable bioenergy highlights the
value of agricultural research, education, and outreach
Strategic roadmaps such as the Energy Science Strategic Plan may create opportunities for stronger partnerships and new collaborations
The new USDA administration will have a strong base for continued bioenergy and biobased product activities.
Closing Remarks
Economy must improve – Stimulus package help directly for in bioenergy industry and credit market
New Administration’s team is being put in place – Appears clear that there is support for bio or renewable energy – commitment to alternative energy
Recognition that bioenergy is not independent of climate change, environment, and sustainability
Alternatives to fossil based energy is a global concern
Closing Remarks
Recognize the complexity of developing, deploying, and using alternative bioenergy - Systems approach to solutions
Interdisciplinary cooperation and collaboration – research teams
Commitment to Research and Development
Commitment to Extension, Education, and Tech Transfer
Continue to be a role for public policy