Will you give a kiss?Will you give a kiss?Will you give a kiss?Will you give a kiss?

• The origin of kiss• Different kinds of kisses

Instinct• It’s the result of a study by

scientists in Swiss and America. They believe that the behavior of kissing is deeply rooted in our genes so it’s a natural instinct that we kiss each other.

Habitual behavior• A lot of people think that kissing is

a behavior we develop to compensate for the fact that we cannot be a baby anymore. Because kissing is similar to what we do when we were being breast-fed.

Jealousy• In ancient Italy, men were supposed

to go out for food-hunting. They worried that while they were gone, their wives would have date with other man. So when a man got back home, he would stick his tongue into his wife’s mouth to ensure there was no taste of wine or other food.

Plato’s theory• According to a myth recorded by Plato,

human used to be a creature with 4 hands, 4 legs, 2 faces and 4 ears. They were gifted with enormous strength and extraordinary wisdom. One day, they were seen by Zeus. Zeus was astonished and afraid that they would one day threaten the safety of the gods. So he split human into 2 halves. Since then, human had been longing for hugs and kisses.

Consciousness• Many physiologist believe that the

mouth is the door of life. One can breathe, eat and drink through the mouth. So when we are kissing, we are showing respect and affection towards the other person.

• Also, a few think that kiss is a developed behavior symbolizing eat.

Possession• It started with the Eskimos. Eskimo

people use licking to show possession. They think that everyone has his own taste and smell. So after you kiss something, you will leave your scent on it. That would be a good sign warning other people not to touch it.

Medical approach• It is believed by the Eskimos, American

Indians, Paraguayans and indigenous people from Australia and South African that you can cure a patient by kissing him. Because through kissing, you suck the evil of disease out of that person. Later, this kissing behavior were used to show respect and best wishes.

Nose-rubbing• Ancient Japanese, Chinese and

Vietnamese are not used to greeting people with kiss, so they decided to replace this by rubbing each other’s nose. People in Mongolia and Burma also adopt this.

Different types of kissing• Adolescents kissing• Sexual or romantic kiss• Kiss of affection

Adolescents kissing

• kissing games between teenagers,

including Truth or Dare? Seven Minutes in Heaven, Two

Minutes in the Closet, Spin the Bottle, Post Office, and Wink.

Sexual or romantic kiss

• Expressing love, involving erotic( 性爱的 ) emotions

• Mainly between lovers

Kiss of affection

• Feelings without erotic elements• Gratitude, compassion, sympathy, intense joy, profound sorrow...

Kiss of ritual• Kiss of religion• Kiss of friendship• Kiss of social etiquette

Kiss of religion

• In Christianity, Christians kiss the

Pope’s( 教皇 ) foot, relics, crucifix( 十字架 ), or a bishop’s( 主教 ) ring.

• In Judaism, the followers kiss the prayer books such as the Torah, and the prayer shawls (worn by Jews at morning prayer).

Kiss of friendship• commonly used in American and

European culture as a way of greeting between friends or acquaintances

• Sometimes, on the conclusion of a meal, people thank and kiss both their hosts and hostesses.

Kiss of social etiquette

• Kissing, along with hugging, is a part of greeting when people meet in some countries, especially in the Mediterranean Countries, including Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, and Greek.

Kiss of social etiquette• In France and Italy, when people meet,

each will kiss both cheeks of the other. When departing, they’ll do the same.

• While in Britain, Germany and the northern European countries, kissing tend to be more conservative, only confining to women or between men and women who are familiar with each other.

Kiss of social etiquette• However, in some Middle Eastern cou

ntries such as the United Arab Emirates( 阿联酋 ) and Saudi Arabia( 沙特阿拉伯 ) ， even men kiss each other for many times on the cheeks.

• Senior junior’s forehead• Junior senior’s cheeks• Peers the cheeks• Kiss on the mouth couple or lover

Kiss of social etiquette

Hand-kissing• Hand-kissing is considered the

highest level of greeting between opposite sexes, and is popular in the upper-class society in the United States and western countries. It’s mainly performed by males to show respect for married females.

Flying kiss (blown kiss)• Convey affection,  usually when

parting or when the partners are physically distant but can view each other

•  also used when a person wishes to convey affection to a large crowd or audience

Greetings

Great Britain Handshake or small peck-on-the-cheek (male-female, female-female)

France Handshake or double-cheek-kiss (intensity dependent on degree of familiarity)

Mexico Hanshakes and optional strong “abrazo” (hug) with patting on the back for good friends

Japan Bow. Angle determined by difference in social position. When indoors, done on the ground

New Zealand: The Maori Hongi (lit. “Sharing of breath)

Pressing of nose and foreheads together to share ha ("breath of life")

Symbolic meaning of becoming one people

Originated from Maori folklore about the origin of women

Gods made figure of woman out of mud

Tāne (male god) breathed life into the figure

Hineahuone (lit. “earth formed woman”) sneezed and came to life

Hugging

Very popular among friends in U.S.

Started getting popular around 2000s

Banned in some schools

Body Language in India

• Among all the countries in Asia, India can be placed among the top 2 or 3 most traditional country.

• According to psychologists, the first impression you have of a person never changes 95% of the time.

• The meaning of "Namaste" is "I bow to (respect) that whats good in you."

• "Namaste" is a common opening line.It is used to start a conversation and does not constitute to good morning, good afternoon, or good night. 'Hi' is used as the greeting among youngsters due to western influence. Also, Namaste is used to show respect to elders. Generally, you do not need to use "Namaste" when you are greeting friend or sibling.

• This gesture consists of pressing both palms together and placing them at chest level.

• Follow it with a slight nod of your head .

Handshake

• Usually, Indian woman do not gives a handshake. (There is an exception. Woman may give a handshake to a child )

• It is considered impolite to offer your hands first to shake with a woman because of religious belief.

• You should avoid making physical contact with a woman in both formal and informal situations. It is best to keep your hands to yourself.

• Between a man and a man, an Indian friend may want to embrace the friendship between you and him. He may give you a pat on the back and even a slap as well.

Eye contact •inappropriate

Point at something with his/her chin by jerking it, or with a full hand

•Never point with the finger

only do this action to somebody who is inferior to you

Wave your hand back and forth or up and down

•To ask people to come over •Europeans use this gesture to say "Good bye

Grasp your own ear •This signifies repentance, honesty, or sincerity.

Never use your feet for anything other than walking

•Feet are considered to be the most disgusting and lowest part of a person's body

Do not touch one’s head. •The head is the most sacred part of the human body and nobody can touch it. •The only exception:the elder

In France

• Means ”Hello”

• We can’t use this gesture in France, it may be related to Christianity.

• French people use “ok” to mean “zero” .

• If we use our way to mean “zero”, they may think that we will beat them.

Thanks!