WILDLIFE BIOLOGY

Monday

6 Nov 2017

Entry Task What is required for the germination of fruits & seeds that are designed to be ingested? •  Full or partial digestion. What is the term used for seedlings that respond to light & gravity? •  Phototropism •  Gravitropism

Agenda � Housekeeping

� Pocket Seed Experiment

� Angiosperms

Housekeeping AM Assembly Schedule on Thursday, 9 Nov. •  Red assembly Veterans Holiday this Friday, 10 Nov. •  “No School”

Angiosperms Seed Growth Experiment.

•  Do NOT write in the lab workbooks (Make any notes in your ISN).

•  Read through the lab workbook so you

know what to expect during the lab.

•  Today you will complete Day 1 protocols (methods).

Angiosperms Seed Growth Experiment.

•  With your team decide what two types of seeds you will use.

•  Send one person to the front to collect a container & three of each seed type.

•  Place blue tape on the container & label with the period & your team letter.

•  Place seeds within the container & fill with water until seeds are covered.

Angiosperms Seed Growth Experiment.

•  Tomorrow you will complete Day 2 protocols (minus optional)

•  Complete Day 1 observations on the data cards

•  Other observations will be collected on Day 3, 7, 9, & 11

Angiosperms Example:

Angiosperms Roots. •  Perform three functions:

- Anchor plant into the ground - Absorb water & minerals - Store food

•  There are two basic root systems:

- Primary root system - Adventitious root system

Angiosperms Roots Systems. •  Primary root system:

- Consists of a taproot (primary root) that grows vertically downward (positive geotropism/gravitropism).

- Smaller lateral root (secondary roots) grow horizontally or diagonally from the taproot.

- Secondary roots further produce their own smaller lateral roots (tertiary roots).

Angiosperms Roots Systems. •  Adventitious root system:

- The taproot (primary root) is short-lived & is replaced within a short time by many roots.

- Roots form directly from the stem.

References ASU School of Life Science, Ask A Biologist, found @ https://askabiologist.asu.edu/home Encyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @ https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm The Biology Corner, Lesson Plans: Plants, found @ https://www.biologycorner.com/lesson-plans/plants/

WILDLIFE BIOLOGY

Tuesday

7 Nov 2017

Entry Task Label the primary root system.

Agenda � Housekeeping

� Pocket Seed Experiment

� Angiosperms

Housekeeping AM Assembly Schedule on Thursday, 9 Nov. •  Red assembly Veterans Holiday this Friday, 10 Nov. •  “No School”

Angiosperms Seed Growth Experiment.

•  Today you will complete Day 2 protocols (minus optional)

•  Grab a copy of the data cards, cut & tape into your ISN (left side).

•  Complete Day 1 observations on the first data card.

•  Other observations will be collected on Day 3, 7, 9, & 11

Angiosperms Example:

Angiosperms Roots. •  The root tip is protected as it passes through the soil by an

outer region called the root cap.

•  Root hairs begin to develop to facilitate the absorption water & nutrients from the soil (environment).

- More root hairs = more surface area = more water & nutrients.

Angiosperms Roots. •  Many root systems become modified for special functions.

•  The most common special function is the formation of tuberous (fleshy) roots for food storage.

- E.g. carrots, beets, radishes, & potatoes.

References Encyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @ https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm The Biology Corner, Lesson Plans: Plants, found @ https://www.biologycorner.com/lesson-plans/plants/

WILDLIFE BIOLOGY

Wednesday 8 Nov 2017

Entry Task What part of the root system developed to facilitate the absorption of water & nutrients from the soil (environment)? •  Root hairs What is the most common special function of root systems? •  Formation of tuberous (fleshy) roots for food storage

Agenda � Housekeeping

� Angiosperms

Housekeeping AM Assembly Schedule tomorrow, 9 Nov. •  Red assembly Veterans Holiday this Friday, 10 Nov. •  “No School”

Angiosperms Roots. •  Perform three functions:

- Anchor plant into the ground - Absorb water & minerals - Store food

•  There are two basic root systems:

- Primary root system - Adventitious root system

Angiosperms Roots. •  Along the longitudinal axis of the root, there are five distinct

zones in which specific growth patterns dominate:

- Cell Division - Cell Elongation - Primary Tissue Maturation - Mature Primary Tissues - Secondary Tissue Growth

Primary Tissue Maturation

Mature Primary Tissue

Secondary Tissue Growth

Roots - Longitudinal Zones. •  Cell Division

- Region of the root where new continues to grow.

•  Cell Elongation

- Cells begin to elongate (become extended). - Root length is a result of cell elongation rather than cell division.

Angiosperm Roots - Longitudinal Zones. •  Cell Division

- Region of the root where new cells are created as the root continues to grow.

Roots - Longitudinal Zones. •  Primary Tissue Maturation

- Cell differentiation takes place. - Area where the first primary mature

root hairs, are clearly seen. •  Mature Primary Tissue

- All elements of the vascular cylinder, cortex, & epidermis are evident.

Angiosperm Roots - Longitudinal Zones. •  Primary Tissue Maturation

- Cell differentiation takes place. - Area where the first primary phloem & xylem, as well as mature root hairs, are clearly seen.

Epidermis

(outer layer)

Angiosperm Roots - Longitudinal Zones. •  Secondary Tissue Growth

- Secondary phloem, xylem, & periderm (bark) add girth to the plant. - Extends beyond the roots to the stem.

References Encyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @ https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm The Biology Corner, Lesson Plans: Plants, found @ https://www.biologycorner.com/lesson-plans/plants/ UCMP Berkeley, Monocots versus Dicots: The Two Classes of Flowering Plants, found @ http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8/monocotdicot.html

WILDLIFEBIOLOGY

Thursday

9 Nov 2017

Entry Task What are the five distinct zones of root growth? •  Cell Division •  Cell Elongation •  Primary Tissue Maturation •  Mature Primary Tissues •  Secondary Tissue Growth During which zone do cell begin to differentiate? •  Primary Tissue Maturation

Agenda � Housekeeping

� Pocket Seed Experiment Data Day 3

� Angiosperms

Housekeeping Veterans Holiday tomorrow, 10 Nov. •  “No School”

WILDLIFEBIOLOGY

Friday

10 Nov 2017

No School Veterans Day Holiday Background: Veterans Day is a U.S. legal holiday dedicated to American veterans of all wars. In 1918, on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month, an armistice, or temporary cessation of hostilities, was declared between the Allied nations & Germany in World War I, then known as “the Great War.” Commemorated in many countries as Armistice Day the following year, November 11th became a federal holiday in the United States in 1938. In the aftermath of World War II & the Korean War, Armistice Day became legally known as Veterans Day.