Wikidata for

Libraries and Archives

EmwExploring Wikidata and the Semantic Web for Libraries

Metropolitan New York Library Council2015-03-16

Wikidata is a free linked database that can be read and edited by

humans and machines

Wikidatas goals

Centralize interwiki links Centralize Wikipedia infoboxes Provide an interface for rich queries

Structure the sum of all human knowledge

What youll learn from this talk

How to edit Wikidata

Authority control properties

Ontology

Wikidata vocabulary

Querying and other tools

Wikidata amp Commons plans

Elements of a Wikidata statement

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Wikidata is a free linked database that can be read and edited by

humans and machines

Wikidatas goals

Centralize interwiki links Centralize Wikipedia infoboxes Provide an interface for rich queries

Structure the sum of all human knowledge

What youll learn from this talk

How to edit Wikidata

Authority control properties

Ontology

Wikidata vocabulary

Querying and other tools

Wikidata amp Commons plans

Elements of a Wikidata statement

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Wikidatas goals

Centralize interwiki links Centralize Wikipedia infoboxes Provide an interface for rich queries

Structure the sum of all human knowledge

What youll learn from this talk

How to edit Wikidata

Authority control properties

Ontology

Wikidata vocabulary

Querying and other tools

Wikidata amp Commons plans

Elements of a Wikidata statement

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

What youll learn from this talk

How to edit Wikidata

Authority control properties

Ontology

Wikidata vocabulary

Querying and other tools

Wikidata amp Commons plans

Elements of a Wikidata statement

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Elements of a Wikidata statement

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Example New York City (Q60)

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Items and properties

Each item and property has its own page

Itemsndash Represent subjects Douglas Adams Challenger disasterndash Have identifiers like Q42 Q921090ndash13745153 items

Propertiesndash Represent attribute names occupation cause ofndash Have identifiers like P106 P828ndash 1429 properties

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Statements and claims

Claims

ndash Claims are ldquotripletsrdquo Formally subject predicate object In Wikidata item property value Example Douglas Adams occupation author

Statements

ndash A claim is only part of a statement

ndash Statements also include References Ranks

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Qualifiers ranks references

Qualifiersndash Qualifiers are properties used on claims rather than itemsndash ldquoYonkers population 12733 at time (P585) 1860rdquo

Ranksndash Preferred normal deprecatedndash Useful to mark outdated claims

Referencesndash Source of claim provenancendash ldquo stated in (P248) 1860 United States Censusrdquo

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

More on Wikidata vocabulary

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataGlossary

Wikipedia articles have a Wikidata item link in the left navigation panel

Wikidata link on Wikipedia

Getting to Wikidata from Wikipedia

Wikidatas instant search suggests items that have labels or aliases matching your keyword

Wikidata search

Search by label

Search by alias ldquoflurdquo -gt influenza

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Getting to Wikidata from Wikipedia

Wikidatas instant search suggests items that have labels or aliases matching your keyword

Wikidata search

Search by label

Search by alias ldquoflurdquo -gt influenza

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Wikidatas instant search suggests items that have labels or aliases matching your keyword

Wikidata search

Search by label

Search by alias ldquoflurdquo -gt influenza

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Search by label

Search by alias ldquoflurdquo -gt influenza

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Search by alias ldquoflurdquo -gt influenza

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Finding properties

Is there a property for ldquonumber of windowsrdquo What was the ID of that property again

Searchndash In main site search box prefix search term with ldquoPrdquondash ldquoPnumber ofrdquo ldquoPoccupationrdquondash Instant search doesnt work for properties only items

Browsendash httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataList_of_properties

^ bookmark this

Lets edit Wikidata

Waldseemuller map

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiQ195801

instance of (P31) map

creator (P170) Martin Waldseemuumlller

publication (P577) April 1507

language of work (P407) Latin

depicts (P180) Americas Africa Europe Asia Pacific Ocean

has part (P527) woodcut

location (P276) Library of Congress

Waldseemuller map

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiQ195801

instance of (P31) map

creator (P170) Martin Waldseemuumlller

publication (P577) April 1507

language of work (P407) Latin

depicts (P180) Americas Africa Europe Asia Pacific Ocean

has part (P527) woodcut

location (P276) Library of Congress

Tools

ndash Querying Autolist by Magnus Manske httptoolswmflabsorgautolistautolist1html

ndash Batch editing Widar by Magnus Manske httpstoolswmflabsorgautolist

ndash Software framework Wikidata Toolkit by Markus Kroetzsch et al httpswwwmediawikiorgwikiWikidata_Toolkit httpsgithubcomWikidataWikidata-Toolkit

Querying in Wikidata

Use case Get a list of history books

Pseudo-queryinstance of book AND genre history

instance of P31book Q571genre P136history Q309

Wikidata query in Autolist

claim[31571] AND claim[136309]

httptoolswmflabsorgautolistautolist1htmlq=claim[31571]20AND20claim[136309]

httptoolswmflabsorgautolistautolist1htmlq=claim[31571]20AND20claim[136309]

Authority control on Wikidata

ldquoIdentifierrdquo properties link Wikidata items to entities in external databases

Also known as authority control numbers

Examples ndash VIAF identifier (P214)ndash Freebase identifier (P646)ndash MusicBrainz artist ID (P434)

Identifier properties on Wikidata

Top 10 ID properties on Wikidata as of 2015-03-15

1) Freebase identifier (P646) 1153786

2) China administrative division code (P442) 742240

3) VIAF identifier (P214) 527786

4) GeoNames ID (P1566) 490444

5) GND identifier (P227) 345247

6) ITIS TSN (P815) 334053

7) PlantList-ID (P1070) 331179

8) Tropicos taxon name identifier (P960) 318719

9) IMDb identifier (P345) 286637

10) IPNI taxon name identifier (P961) 276515

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataDatabase_reportsList_of_propertiesTop100

Identifier properties on WikidataIdentifier properties on Wikidata

Identifier properties on Wikidata

Top 10 ID properties on Wikidata as of 2015-03-15

1) Freebase identifier (P646) 1153786

2) China administrative division code (P442) 742240

3) VIAF identifier (P214) 527786

4) GeoNames ID (P1566) 490444

5) GND identifier (P227) 345247

6) ITIS TSN (P815) 334053

7) PlantList-ID (P1070) 331179

8) Tropicos taxon name identifier (P960) 318719

9) IMDb identifier (P345) 286637

10) IPNI taxon name identifier (P961) 276515

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiWikidataDatabase_reportsList_of_propertiesTop100

Identifier properties on WikidataIdentifier properties on Wikidata

Ontology

ldquoA specification of a conceptualizationrdquo

Rooted in long-standing philosophical traditions

Useful forndash building concept hierarchiesndash making common knowledge computable

Tree of Porphyry

UserVoiceOfTheCommons CC-BY-SA 30

Classes and instances

Plato is a human is a animal

Plato instance of human subclass of animal

Instance concrete object individual

Class abstract object

Concept hierarchy paintinghttptoolswmflabsorgwikidata-todotreehtmlq=3305213amprp=279amplang=en

Tree of Porphyry

UserVoiceOfTheCommons CC-BY-SA 30

Classes and instances

Plato is a human is a animal

Plato instance of human subclass of animal

Instance concrete object individual

Class abstract object

Concept hierarchy paintinghttptoolswmflabsorgwikidata-todotreehtmlq=3305213amprp=279amplang=en

Classes and instances

Plato is a human is a animal

Plato instance of human subclass of animal

Instance concrete object individual

Class abstract object

Concept hierarchy paintinghttptoolswmflabsorgwikidata-todotreehtmlq=3305213amprp=279amplang=en

Concept hierarchy paintinghttptoolswmflabsorgwikidata-todotreehtmlq=3305213amprp=279amplang=en

Concept tree diagram paintinghttptoolswmflabsorgwikidata-todotreehtmlq=3305213amprp=279amplang=enampmethod=d3

Ontology on Wikidata

instance of (P31)ndash rdftype in RDF and OWLndash 12692181 usagesndash Most popular Wikidata property

subclass of (P279)ndash ldquoall instances of A are also instances of Brdquondash rdfssubClassOf in RDF and OWLndash 190095 usages

Ontology on Wikidata

Last but not least part of (P361)ndash Third basic membership propertyndash Top-level ldquopart-wholerdquo relation

Instance of subclass of and part of are all transitive

Transitive relation

A subclass of B

B subclass of C

A subclass of C

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiHelpBasic_membership_properties

Ontology on Wikidata

Last but not least part of (P361)ndash Third basic membership propertyndash Top-level ldquopart-wholerdquo relation

Instance of subclass of and part of are all transitive

Transitive relation

A subclass of B

B subclass of C

A subclass of C

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiHelpBasic_membership_properties

subproperty of (P1647)

How to link author (P50) and creator (P170)ndash subproperty of (P1647)ndash author subproperty of creator

Wikidata supports claims about properties

subproperty of (P1647) has semantics of rdfssubPropertyOf

Structured data for images

Use casendash A library archive or other cultural institution wants to

make its images discoverable on Wikidata

Structured Data on Wikimedia Commonsndash Project of the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)

Structured Data for Wikimedia Commons

Purpose ndash use structured data for all media files on Wikimedia sitesndash make it easier for users to read translate and edit file

informationndash enable developers to build better tools both to

contribute and reuse Commons content

httpscommonswikimediaorgwikiCommonsStructured_dataOverview

Structured data for images

Use casendash A library archive or other cultural institution wants to

make its images discoverable on Wikidata

Structured Data on Wikimedia Commonsndash Project of the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)

Structured Data for Wikimedia Commons

Purpose ndash use structured data for all media files on Wikimedia sitesndash make it easier for users to read translate and edit file

informationndash enable developers to build better tools both to

contribute and reuse Commons content

httpscommonswikimediaorgwikiCommonsStructured_dataOverview

Structured Data for Wikimedia Commons

Purpose ndash use structured data for all media files on Wikimedia sitesndash make it easier for users to read translate and edit file

informationndash enable developers to build better tools both to

contribute and reuse Commons content

httpscommonswikimediaorgwikiCommonsStructured_dataOverview

Structured Data for Commons FAQ How long will it take

ndashCompletion will take years but project will be released in stages ndashForward-facing part of project is on hold

Is file meta data staying on CommonsndashYes

How will file information be structuredndashTo be determined

Will Commons still have templatesndashYes

Will Commons still have categoriesndashYes

Wikidata for Commons

Partial support already exists

Wikidata links to Commons

Commons links to Wikidata

Library ontology on Wikidata

What is a book

Different levels of existence (FRBR)ndash Workndash Expression - eg translation for a languagendash Manifestation - edition thing with an ISBNndash Item - physical copy

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Wikidata for Commons

Partial support already exists

Wikidata links to Commons

Commons links to Wikidata

Library ontology on Wikidata

What is a book

Different levels of existence (FRBR)ndash Workndash Expression - eg translation for a languagendash Manifestation - edition thing with an ISBNndash Item - physical copy

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Wikidata links to Commons

Commons links to Wikidata

Library ontology on Wikidata

What is a book

Different levels of existence (FRBR)ndash Workndash Expression - eg translation for a languagendash Manifestation - edition thing with an ISBNndash Item - physical copy

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Commons links to Wikidata

Library ontology on Wikidata

What is a book

Different levels of existence (FRBR)ndash Workndash Expression - eg translation for a languagendash Manifestation - edition thing with an ISBNndash Item - physical copy

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Library ontology on Wikidata

What is a book

Different levels of existence (FRBR)ndash Workndash Expression - eg translation for a languagendash Manifestation - edition thing with an ISBNndash Item - physical copy

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

FRBR example

Workndash Bible (Q1845)

Expressionndash Latin translation of the Bible

Manifestationndash Vulgate (Q131175) a particular Latin translation

Itemndash Gutenberg Bible (Q158075) a physical book in New York Public Library()

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Linking FRBR levels in Wikidata

Done by the property edition or translation of (P629)

Gutenberg Bible (item)ndash edition or translation of Vulgate

Vulgate (manifestation)ndash edition or translation of Bible

Bible (work)

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Trouble what is an instance

Thing with a unique location in space and time

Bible instance of religious text incorrectndash Gutenberg Bible instance of religious text all agree

Solution Bible as information artifact

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Information Artifact Ontology

IAO sets forth a basic ontological distinction

ndash Entities in the world Actual people Grace Hopper Barack Obama That very old tree Gutenberg Bible

ndash Information artifacts Entities about something in reality Concretized by some information bearer

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Information Artifact Ontology

Addresses problems in Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)ndash Smith (2014)

httpncorbuffaloedu2014IAOWIAO-Tutorial-Smith-Rio-Sep-2014pptx

Rooted in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) which is used in many scienitific ontologiesndash Smith et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology

httpwwwnaturecomnbtjournalv25n11fullnbt1346html

Summary

Wikidata is a free knowledge base that anyone can edit

Search properties by ldquopsearch termrdquo

Wikidata items link to external databases through identifier properties eg VIAF identifier (P214)

Wikidata supports FRBR and other ontologies

Thank you

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiUserEmw

Thank you

httpswwwwikidataorgwikiUserEmw