why study ship no x emissions? vinken et al., in prep., 2012 15-30% of global no x emissions 70% of...
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Why study ship NOx emissions?
Vinken et al., in prep., 2012
• 15-30% of global NOx emissions• 70% of emissions within 400 km
of densely populated coast lines• Seaborne trade +5% per year
Emission inventories•Lots of estimations -> High uncertainty•Often miss recent increases of emissions
Improve inventories using combination of satellite observations and chemistry transport models
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Detecting emission patterns with OMI
OMI shows that EMEP emissions are misplaced
(2.5 Tg NO2)
(3.7 Tg NO2)
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Use GEOS-Chem a priori NO2 profiles in OMI NO2 retrieval
• OMI (DOMINO v2) retrieval uses TM4 a priori (3°x2°) NO2 vertical profiles
• Replace these 3°x2° profiles with high resolution GEOS-Chem NO2 profiles (0.667°x0.5°) to do consistent comparison
• Satellite observations never fully independent of model information, now we made sure the model information is consistent
SstSAMF
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Comparison OMI & GEOS-Chem over Europe for 2005-2006
DOMINO_GC columns are 10-15% lower than DOMINO v2(mainly due to changed
emissions in model)
R2 = 0.95 for DOMINO_GC and GEOS-Chem
Closer agreement between model and observations
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Vinken et al., in prep., 2013
Comparing OMI and GEOS-Chem to get constraint on ship emissions
Satellite Model
3
4
0.5°x0.667° resolution nested-grid GEOS-Chem using plume-in-grid approach for ship emissions
1 2
3
4
1 2
Reduce influence of outflow by filtering, making it possible to observe ship tracks in 4 seas!
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Track 4 (Med. Sea) for 2005
Vinken et al., in prep., 2013
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Track 4 (Med. Sea) for 2005
Vinken et al., in prep., 2013
Emissions decreased by 57%
before
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New constrained inventory for 2005
AMVER-ICOADS (2.5 Tg NO2) EMEP (3.7 Tg NO2)
Constrained ship tracks OMI top down inventory (3.3 Tg NO2)
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Conclusions• OMI shows that EMEP emissions are misplaced in
Mediterranean Sea• First-ever constraints on highly localized pollution of ships
in Baltic Sea, North-Sea, and Bay of Biscay• OMI constrained emissions are
-35% for North Sea +140% for Baltic Sea +130% Bay of Biscay -57% in Mediterranean Seathan EMEP
• OMI total is 3.3 Tg NO2 (10% lower than EMEP)
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Backup slides
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Selection of best OMI observations
• Screen out measurements affected by outflow2005 filtered meanOMI trop. NO2 27-10-2005
OMI trop. NO2 9-7-2005
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Sensitivities when constraining emissions
• Account for sensitivity GEOS-Chem NO2 columns (ΩGC) to NOx emissions (E)
β = ΔE / E e ΔΩGC / ΩGC
• Account for sensitivity OMI NO2 columns (ΩOMI) to changing GEOS-Chem a priori profiles (higher emissions -> GC columns -> lower AMFs -> higher OMI columns)
γ = ΔΩOMI / ΩOMI e ΔΩGC / ΩGC
Vinken et al., in prep., 2013
[Lamsal et al., GRL, 2011]