why do things move?
TRANSCRIPT
Why do things move?
Lesson 1
Motion
Lesson 2
Forces and Motion
Lesson 3
Work and Energy
Lesson 4
Simple Machines
Chapter 11 Menu
position
motion
frame of reference
speed
velocity
acceleration
momentum
Lesson 1 Splash
What is motion?
Motion is a change in position over time.
Lesson 1 a
What is speed?
Speed is how fast an object’s position changes over time.
bee 8 m/s giraffe 14 m/s 3 eagle 33 m/s
horse 21 m/s
turtle 2 m/s
dolphin 12 m/s
cheetah 33 m/s
speed = distance ÷ time
Lesson 1 b
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is the change in
an object’s velocity over time.
acceleration = change in speed ÷ time
Lesson 1 c
What is
momentum?
The more momentum an object has, the easier it is for
that object to move other objects.
momentum = mass x velocity
Lesson 1 d
Is speed or velocity more helpful to a pilot?
Why?
Main Idea
Velocity is more helpful, because it
tells the pilot how fast the plane is
moving and the direction it is traveling.
Lesson 1 Main Idea Review
momentum acceleration
Vocabulary
_______________ is the location of an object.
_______________ is the change in velocity over
time for an object.
A group of objects from which you can measure a
position or motion is a ________________.
_______________ is the product of mass
multiplied by velocity.
position frame of reference
Position
Acceleration
Momentum
Lesson 1 Vocab Review a
velocity speed
Vocabulary
________ is how fast an object’s position changes
over time.
________ is the measurement that combines both
the speed and direction of a moving object.
________ is a change in position over time.
motion
Speed
Velocity
Motion
Lesson 1 Vocab Review b
How could an object accelerate
while still traveling at a constant
speed?
Main Idea
and Details
End of Lesson
Main Idea Details
A car driving
around a
circular
track is
accelerating.
Velocity is
changing as
direction
changes;
speed is
constant.
Lesson 1 GO Review
Lesson 1 Vocab a
Lesson 1 Vocab b
Lesson 1 Vocab c
Lesson 1 Vocab d
Lesson 1 Vocab e
Lesson 1 Vocab f
Lesson 1 Vocab g
force
friction
balanced force
unbalanced
force
action force
reaction force
Lesson 2 Splash
What are forces?
A force is any push or pull
from one object to another.
Lesson 2 a
What are gravity and friction?
drag
gravity
Lesson 2 b
What is Newton’s First Law?
NEWTON’S FIRST LAW
An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an
object in constant motion tends to stay in motion,
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Lesson 2 c
What is Newton’s Second Law?
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW
The unbalanced force on an object is equal to the
mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration:
F=m x a.
Lesson 2 d
What is Newton’s Third Law?
NEWTON’S THIRD LAW
All forces occur in pairs, and these two forces
are equal in strength an opposite in direction.
Lesson 2 e
What forces are at work on a floating object?
Are they balanced?
Main Idea
The forces at work on a floating object are
gravity and buoyancy. They are balanced.
Lesson 2 Main Idea Review
The push of the second object back on the
first object is a _______________.
When forces act on an object without
changing its motion, it is a _______________.
A _______________ is any push or pull from
one object to another.
force balanced force
Vocabulary
reaction force
Lesson 2 Vocab Review a
A force that causes an object to change its
motion is an ________________.
The push of the first object on the second
object is an _______________.
_______________ is a force that opposes the
motion of one object moving past another.
friction action force
Vocabulary
unbalanced force
Friction
Lesson 2 Vocab Review b
wide, flat surfaces drag
on the plane
adjust or redesign surfaces
that cause friction
drag on the plane is
decreased
Problem and
Solution
End of Lesson
How could
you decrease
the drag on
an airplane?
Lesson 2 GO Review
Lesson 2 Vocab a
Lesson 2 Vocab b
Lesson 2 Vocab c
Lesson 2 Vocab d
Lesson 2 Vocab e
Lesson 2 Vocab f
work
energy
potential energy
kinetic energy
law of
conservation
of energy
Lesson 3 Splash
What is work?
work = force x distance
force
distance
Work is the measurement of
energy used to perform a task.
Lesson 3 a
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to perform work or to change an object.
dropping throwing
lifting
Lesson 3 b
How can energy change?
The kinetic
energy of falling
water is changed
into electricity at
a hydroelectric
dam.
Lesson 3 c
When is work done when you throw
and catch a ball?
Main Idea
Work is done as the ball is thrown and
accelerates. Work is done when the
ball is caught and is stopped.
Lesson 3 Main Idea Review
__________________ is the ability to perform work or
to change an object.
_________________ is energy that is stored in the
position, or structure of an object.
__________________ is the measurement of the
energy used to perform a task.
The theory that states energy cannot be created or
destroyed, it can only change form is called the
_________________ is the energy of a moving object.
__________________________. ________________.
work
kinetic energy
Vocabulary
law of conservation of energy
energy potential energy
Energy
Potential Energy
Work
Kinetic energy
Lesson 3 Vocab Review
Infer
When might kinetic energy turn
into sound energy?
End of Lesson
Clues What I Know What I Infer
Clap
your
hands.
Energy
cannot be
created or
destroyed, it
can only
change form.
Kinetic
energy
turns into
sound
energy.
Lesson 3 GO Review
Lesson 3 Vocab a
Lesson 3 Vocab b
Lesson 3 Vocab c
Lesson 3 Vocab d
Lesson 3 Vocab e
simple
machine
effort
load
fulcrum
compound
machine
efficiency
Lesson 4 Splash
What are simple machines?
A simple machine is a machine
that takes one force and changes
its direction, distance, or strength.
lever wedge
screw inclined plane wheel and axle
pulley
Lesson 4 a
What are levers?
first-class levers
second-class lever
KEY
effort output
effort arm
fulcrum
resistance arm
Lesson 4 b
Which machines are like levers?
Wheel and axle
Pulley
Lesson 4 c
What are inclined planes?
output
resistance arm effort arm
Lesson 4 d
What are compound machines?
When two or
more simple
machines are
combined
they form a
compound
machine.
pulley electric winch
elevator
counterbalance
Lesson 4 e
How could several pulleys help you lift
a very heavy object?
Main Idea
The pulley system could redirect your
effort so that you could pull down
instead of lift up. More importantly, a
pulley system could multiply your
effort so that you could lift the object
more easily.
Lesson 4 Main Idea Review
simple machine fulcrum
Vocabulary
______________ is the force you apply to a
machine.
A ______________ is a machine that takes one
force and changes its direction, distance, or
strength.
The ______________ is the pivot point around
which the bar of a lever rotates.
effort
Effort
Lesson 4 Vocab Review a
__________________ is the ratio of input
energy to output work, usually written as a
percentage.
When two or more simple machines are
combined they form a __________________.
The __________________ is the object moved
by the output.
load efficiency
Vocabulary
compound machine
Efficiency
Lesson 4 Vocab Review b
Main Idea
wheels of the car
windshield wipers
Write a list of at least three parts in
a car and state what kind of simple
machine each is.
End of Lesson
Car Part Simple Machine
wheel and axle
third-class levers
doors third-class levers
Lesson 4 GO Review
Lesson 4 Vocab a
Lesson 4 Vocab b
Lesson 4 Vocab c
Lesson 4 Vocab d
Lesson 4 Vocab e
Lesson 4 Vocab f