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Page 1: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other
Page 2: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students interpret various representations of molecular motion and label diagrams as hotter and colder. (10 min)

Why do molecules change speed?

Claim 1: Molecules speed up when energy is created and slow down when

energy is destroyed.

Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and

slow down when they give energy to other molecules.

Relating Temperature, Speed, and Kinetic Energy

The following diagrams representing the molecules of

three pairs of samples.

• For each pair, label one sample as “hotter” and the

other as “colder” based on your interpretation of the

diagrams and your knowledge of how temperature,

speed, and kinetic energy are related.

• If you need to, you can refer to the key concepts

posted to the classroom wall.

• When you have finished labeling the images, answer

the questions.

Page 3: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Why do molecules change speed?

Page 4: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students make an initial choice between the two claims and explore them in the Sim. (5 min)

Investigating Claims

Today you will investigate two claims about why molecules change

speed.

• First, look at the claims below and decide which one you think is

more likely to be correct.

• Then, open the Sim and begin exploring. Gather and record

evidence that will help you choose between the claims. You will

have more time to record evidence later in this lesson.

Page 5: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students make an initial choice between the two claims and explore them in the Sim. (5 min)

Investigating Claims

Once you have chosen a claim, launch the Thermal Energy

Simulation and begin gathering evidence in the Sim.

ANSWER HERE

Page 6: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

After the teacher models Active Reading, students read and annotate “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter.” (20 min)

Reading “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter”Open the “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter” article. You can also find this article in your Digital

Resources. Annotate the article as you read.

Page 7: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students reread a passage from the article “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter” in order to gather evidence. (20 min)

Evidence for Why Molecules Change SpeedContinue to gather evidence about the two claims by rereading a portion of the article “How Air Conditioners

Make Cities Hotter.” Start at the fifth paragraph (which begins, “This kind of energy transfer doesn’t just apply to

hot buildings: it also applies to hot foreheads!”), and stop after the seventh paragraph (which ends, “When that

happens, it’s time to get a new, cool washcloth so that this energy transfer can keep going and you can keep

getting relief!”). Use the evidence you gathered from the text to complete the sentence below.

Investigation Question: Why do

molecules change speed?

Claim 1: Molecules speed up when

energy is created and slow down when

energy is destroyed.

Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they

get energy from other molecules and

slow down when they give energy to

other molecules.

Page 8: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students reread a passage from the article “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter” in order to gather evidence. (20 min)

Evidence for Why Molecules Change SpeedContinue to gather evidence about the two claims by rereading a portion of the article “How Air Conditioners

Make Cities Hotter.” Start at the fifth paragraph (which begins, “This kind of energy transfer doesn’t just apply to

hot buildings: it also applies to hot foreheads!”), and stop after the seventh paragraph (which ends, “When that

happens, it’s time to get a new, cool washcloth so that this energy transfer can keep going and you can keep

getting relief!”). Use the evidence you gathered from the text to complete the sentence below.

Investigation Question: Why do

molecules change speed?

Claim 1: Molecules speed up when

energy is created and slow down when

energy is destroyed.

Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they

get energy from other molecules and

slow down when they give energy to

other molecules.

ANSWER HERE

Page 9: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students share annotations with their peers and receive a formal definition for the vocabulary term system. (15 min)

Reviewing Annotations1. Look over your annotations of the “How Air Conditioners Make Cities Hotter” article. Pick one or two

annotations to share with a partner. Then, edit the annotations and add #share.

2. Discuss the tagged annotations with your partner. After your discussion, edit these annotations and change

the tag to #discussed.

3. Now, choose one of the questions or connections you already discussed or a different question or

connection that you still want to discuss with the class. Edit the annotation and add #present.

4. Review your annotations, answer the reflection question below the article, and press NEXT and then HAND

IN to submit your article.

System: a set of interacting parts

forming a complex whole.

Page 10: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students revisit the Sim in order to gather evidence that will help them choose between two claims. (10 min)

With a partner, continue to use the Sim to gather and record evidence about the claims.

Investigation Question:

• Claim 1: Molecules speed up when energy is created and slow down when energy is destroyed.

• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when

they give energy to other molecules.

Page 11: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students revisit the Sim in order to gather evidence that will help them choose between two claims. (10 min)

: Molecules speed up when

energy is created and

slow down when

energy is destroyed.

: Molecules speed up when they

get energy from other

molecules and slow

down when they give

energy to other

molecules.

ANSWER HERE

Page 12: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students use the evidence they collected to choose the claim that answers the Investigation Question. (10 min)

Choosing a ClaimThink back on the evidence that you collected from the Sim and the article. In the poll below, choose the claim

that you think is best supported by this evidence.

Investigation Question:

Why do molecules change speed?

• Claim 1: Molecules speed up when energy is created

and slow down when energy is destroyed.

• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy

from other molecules and slow down when they give

energy to other molecules.

Page 13: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students use the evidence they collected to choose the claim that answers the Investigation Question. (10 min)

Choosing a ClaimThink back on the evidence that you collected from the Sim and the article. In the poll below, choose the claim

that you think is best supported by this evidence.

Collision: the moment when two objects hit

each other.

Transfer: to move from one object to

another or one place to another.

Page 14: Why do molecules change speed? Lesson PDF/Thermal Energy/TE_2...• Claim 2: Molecules speed up when they get energy from other molecules and slow down when they give energy to other

Students consider arguments written by two different students and evaluate which is more supported.

Making a Convincing Argument

ANSWER HERE


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