why are there so many kinds of rocks
TRANSCRIPT
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Why are there so many kinds of rocks?
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What are minerals?
- They are natural, non-living substance that makes up the rocks
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(1) Diamond:- It is a hard mineral.- It is used to cut steel & as jewelry.
Types of minerals
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(2) Gold:- It is a shinny mineral.- It is used as jewelry.
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(3) Graphite:- It is a dark, soft & dull mineral.- It is used in pencils for writing.
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(4) Quartz:- It is used to make glass.
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(5) Hematite:- It is used to make iron which is used
in building.
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(6) Halite:- It is used to make salt for food.
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(7) Copper:- It is used to make electrical wires.
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1- Hardness:There is a scale
called: Moh’s scale that tells the hardness of the minerals.
How to identify minerals?
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2- Color:It’s not the best
way to identify minerals as some minerals can have many colors like: Quartz.
(It can be pink, purple, blue, yellow & white)
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3- Streak:It is the color of
the powder that a mineral leaves behind when you scratch it along a white tile.
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4- Luster:It is the way light bounces off the surface
of the mineral.
(some minerals have metallic luster)
(Others have dull luster “not shinny”)
(Others have glassy luster)
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They are natural solids which are made of one or more
minerals together.Example: Granite {Mixture of Mica + feldspar +
Quartz}
Rocks
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Types of rocks
Igneous rocks Sedimentary rocksMetamorphic rocks
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They are rocks that are formed when rocks come out of a volcano
“melted” & then cooled & hardened on earth’s surface.
If they are cooled quickly: rocks will look like glass (ex: Obsidian)
If they are cooled slowly: rocks will have large grains (ex: Granite)
Igneous rocks
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Granite is used for building schools & houses.
Uses of Igneous rocks
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(They are rocks that form from materials that has settled into layers)
The layers are squeezed together to form a rock.
Examples: Limestone Sandstone
Sedimentary rocks
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How are sedimentary rocks formed?
- Wind & water break big rocks into bits & pieces, then the small pieces are carried by the wind or water and settle into layers & after a long time they become harden & form sedimentary rocks.
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Limestone is used for making glass. Shale is used in making bricks , pottery &
china.
Limestone & shale are used in making cement.
Uses of sedimentary rocks
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Temperature & pressure can change rocks from one type to another.
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been changed by temperature & pressure.
Example: Gneiss Marble
Metamorphic rocks
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Slate is used for tiles of roofs & walk ways .
Marble is used to making monuments & statues.
Uses of Metamorphic rocks