Who's Who in the USSR by Heinrich Schulz; Stephen S. TaylorReview by: William B. BallisThe Library Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Jan., 1963), p. 150Published by: The University of Chicago PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4305329 .

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150 THE LIBRARY QUARTERLY

included. The volume is organized into three sections: I, "Greece and the Hellenistic Age"; II, "Rome and the Greco-Roman Age"; III, "Production and Form of the Book in the Classical World."

The book trade of Greece and Rome is viewed in relation to the development of the language, history of ideas of the age, and details of everyday life. That is, the book trade is the basis of communication by the written word and is an effective means of transmitting ideas through books.

While intended as a general account of the history of the book in classical times, the de- tailed notes and references for further read- ing provide a convenient summary of the lit- erature on this subject. The author is the di- rector of Uppsala University Library and a former university lecturer in Latin language and literature. His scholarly interests and aca- demic duties have to date required him to be more of an editor than an author. This vol- ume is welcome evidence that this trend may now be reversed. Readers of Libri may recall his article "Bibliophiles in Ancient Rome," which appeared in Volume I, No. 1 (1950), pages 2-12.

RUDOLPH C. ELLSWORTH

Instiute of European Studies Chicago

Who's Who in the USSR. Edited by HEIN- RICH SCHULZ and STEPHEN S. TAYLOR. New York: Scarecrow Press, 1962. Pp. 963. $21.00.

The inability to find satisfactory biographi- cal information about leading Soviet person- alities has been a continual problem for ref- erence librarians. Who's Who in the USSR is a very valuable reference work for librarians and general readers who wish the most com- plete biographical data so far available in English on the leading personalities in the So- viet Union. Some four thousand persons are listed with their extensive biographical data. These include government leaders, adminis- trators, party officials, diplomats, military leaders, scientists, writers, artists, and other important individuals in the USSR.

The Institute for the Study of the USSR, composed of Soviet refugee scholars in Mu- nich, Germany, has worked for the past three

years on this project. Soviet journals, news- papers, and other materials have been sys- tematically culled to give factual information necessary for the compilation of this book. Each biography has almost always the neces- sary personal information about the individ- ual: birth data, education, career history, pub- lications, decorations, residence, and, in some cases, telephone number.

In Who's Who in the USSR is also an index list of key personnel by position in the Com- munist party, in the Soviet government, and in military, scientific, and other organizations. This is the most extensive list available in English of personalities in Soviet government activities. This book indicates much on the leadership profile in the USSR and reveals, for instance, that there are almost no Jews in high party and government positions. Most heads of research institutes are former diplo- mats or party officials. Most senior officers of the armed forces are between fifty-five and sixty-five years of age. Many of Stalin's pro- teges still occupy important party and gov- ernment jobs.

The editors of Who's Who in the USSR are to be congratulated for assembling so much pertinent data on key Soviet personalities. This work should be on the reference shelf of every library concerned with up to date in- formation on the Soviet Union.

WILLIAM B. BALLIS

Untiversity of Michigan Ann Arbor

Aspects of Illiteracy. By the BOARD OF EDU-

CATION FOR THE CITY OF TORONTO, EDUCA-

TION CENTRE LIBRARY ("ECL Reports," No. 3.) Toronto, 1962. Pp. 109.

Illiteracy is a relative thing. Whether or not a person may be considered illiterate is very largely a function of the kind of society in which he lives. The measure of literacy in por- tions of Africa and Asia is not always the same as that for Paris, London, or New York. A hinterland Nigerian whose capacity for com- munication is limited to signing his name and reading elementary directions may be literate in an African context but "functionally" in- capable of carrying on in a civilization like that of Denmark or West Germany. From UNESCO, the New York Times, Maclean's,

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