What is an Engineer? What is an Engineer?

What is EngineeringWhat is Engineering

Engineering is the branch of science and Engineering is the branch of science and technology concerned with the design, technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and building, and use of engines, machines, and structuresstructures

Engineer:Engineer: Uses knowledge of math and Uses knowledge of math and

science to create something newscience to create something new Characteristic activity: creative Characteristic activity: creative

designdesign Work in disciplines such as:Work in disciplines such as:

Civil EngineeringCivil Engineering

Mechanical EngineeringMechanical Engineering

Electrical EngineeringElectrical Engineering

Electronics EngineeringElectronics Engineering

Computer Science EngineeringComputer Science Engineering

Bio Technology Bio Technology

A practitioner of engineering is A practitioner of engineering is an engineeran engineer

Scientist:Scientist: Develops knowledge from Develops knowledge from

analysis and studyanalysis and study Characteristic activity: Characteristic activity:

researchresearch Work in fields such as:Work in fields such as:

BiologyBiology

ChemistryChemistry

PhysicsPhysics

A practitioner of science is a A practitioner of science is a scientistscientist

What is the Difference Between What is the Difference Between a Scientist and an Engineer?a Scientist and an Engineer?

Obtained from Wikipedia under science and engineering

What is the Difference Between What is the Difference Between a Scientist and an Engineer?a Scientist and an Engineer?

Scientists discover the world that exists; Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world that never was.”engineers create the world that never was.”

--Theodore Von Karman, Aerospace EngineerTheodore Von Karman, Aerospace Engineer

Engineering DisciplinesEngineering Disciplines

Electrical EngineersElectrical Engineers Work with electricity, electromagnetic fields, and lightWork with electricity, electromagnetic fields, and light Design products such as cell phones, computers,Design products such as cell phones, computers,antennas, televisions, and appliancesantennas, televisions, and appliances Design power generation and distribution systemsDesign power generation and distribution systems

Mechanical EngineersMechanical Engineers Work with machines and systems that Work with machines and systems that involve the production and use of heatinvolve the production and use of heat Design cars, heating and air conditioning systems,Design cars, heating and air conditioning systems,and manufacturing systemsand manufacturing systems

Biomedical EngineersBiomedical Engineers Work with the mechanical and chemical Work with the mechanical and chemical properties of the human bodyproperties of the human body Design prosthetic devices and medical diagnostic systemsDesign prosthetic devices and medical diagnostic systems

Engineering DisciplinesEngineering Disciplines

Civil EngineersCivil Engineers Work with physics and materialsWork with physics and materials Design buildings, roads, bridges, storm water systemsDesign buildings, roads, bridges, storm water systems

Chemical EngineersChemical Engineers Work with physics, chemistry and biologyWork with physics, chemistry and biology Design medicines, fertilizers, semiconductors, food Design medicines, fertilizers, semiconductors, food additives (such as flavorings)additives (such as flavorings)

Aerospace EngineersAerospace Engineers Work with aerodynamics, propulsion and navigationWork with aerodynamics, propulsion and navigation Design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and rocketsDesign aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and rockets

There are many more disciplines!There are many more disciplines!

Who Hires Engineers?Who Hires Engineers?

The Obvious:The Obvious:

What is GATE?

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an

all India examination.

GATE is administered and conducted jointly by the Indian

Institute of Science (IISc) and seven Indian Institutes of

Technology (IITs) on behalf of the National Coordination

Board (NCB)-GATE, Department of Higher Education,

Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD),

Government of India.

Zones

The zones and the corresponding administrative institutes are :

Zone 1 – Indian Institute of Science Bangalore

Zone 2 – Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Zone 3 – Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Zone 4 – Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

Zone 5 – Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur

Zone 6 – Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Zone 7 – Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Zone 8 – Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Zone-Wise examination city list for GATE 2015

GATE Papers

A candidate is allowed to appear in ONLY ONE of the 22 papers

Benefits of GATE Financial Assistance

A valid GATE score is essential for obtaining financial assistance during Master’s programs and direct Doctoral programs in Engineering/Technology/Architecture, and Doctoral programs in relevant branches of Science in Institutes supported by the MHRD, or other Government agencies(IISc, IITs,NITs, and leading institutions in India).

After joining M.Tech at IIT’s and IISc one can look at salary package ranging from Rs 7 Lakhs to 30 Lakhs per annum,depending upon Specialization and performance.

Junior Research Fellowship

GATE qualified candidates are also eligible for the award of Junior

Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories and CSIR sponsored projects.

Higher Studies in Foreign University

GATE is also eligible for doing Master Degree in Nayang

Technological University, Singapore, National University of Singapore and

Technical University of Munich, Germany.

LIST OF CSIR LABORATORIES

Research InstitutesGATE qualified candidates in the Engineering discipline are also eligible for the award of Junior Research Fellowship(JRF) & Senior Research Fellowship(SRF) in CSIR Laboratories. JRF & SRF are stipend bases fellowships. The stipend amount generally lies between Rs 15000/- to Rs 20000/- for CSIR laboratories.

Scholarships in ME/M.TechTo enhance/promote the master education in India the Scholarship/ Assistance ship is likely to be Rs 11,800/- per month is paid from MHRD to GATE qualified student. It is financial assistance for candidates so that they can easily afford their needs during their course and thesis work.

MHRD FUNDED INSTITUTIONSMHRD FUNDED INSTITUTIONS

Name of the Institutions Total Numbers

Indian Institute of Technology (IITs) 16

Indian Institute of Management (IIMs) 13

Indian Institute of Science (IISc) 1

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISERs) 5

National Institute of Technology (NITs) 30

Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (IIITMs)

4

National Institute of Technical Teacher's Training & Research (NITTTRs)

4

Others (SPA, ISMU, NERIST, SLIET, NITIE & NIFFT, CIT) 9

Total 83

Benefits of GATEEmployment

Several Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) such as Indian Oil

Corporation Limited, National Thermal Power Corporation,

NLC,BHEL, Power Grid India, etc., are using Gate scores for

selection for providing a salaried employment. All private sectors

like TCS,L&T,SIMSON,TVS,ASHOK LEYLAND,RANE&RANE etc., are

also consider gate score.

Eligibility for GATE

Candidates with bachelor degree in

Engineering/Technology/Architecture and

those who are in the Final year of such

programme.

Pattern of Question Papers Section No of Questions Marks

First Section (Engineering Mathematics & Department Subjects)

25 Question(Each One Marks)

25 Marks

Second Section (Engineering Mathematics & Department Subjects)

30 Questions (Each Two Marks)

60 Marks

Third Section (General Aptitude)

10 Questions (5 One Marks &

5 Two Marks)

15 Marks

Marking SchemeSection % of Total

MarksMarking Scheme

General

Aptitude

15 % of the Total Marks

Five 1 Mark Questions Five 2 Mark Questions

Engineering

Mathematics

15 % of the Total Marks

Twenty Five 1 Mark Questions Thirty 2 Mark Questions

Department

Subjects

70 % of the Total Marks

Negative Marks for wrong Answer

For 1-mark multiple-choice questions, 1/3 marks will

be deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise.

For 2-mark multiple-choice questions, 2/3 marks will

be deducted for a wrong answer.

NO negative marking for numerical answer type

questions.

Application Fee Payment Options Application Fee Payment Options

The application fee is non-refundableThe application fee is non-refundable. .

Bank charges will be applicable as per the norm. Bank charges will be applicable as per the norm.

Candidate Category

Mode Application Fee Rupees

Male (General/OBC)

Online Net Banking

1500

e-challan 1500

Women (All Categories)

Online Net Banking

750

e-challan 750

Other (General/OBC-

NCL)

Online Net Banking

1500

e-challan 1500

SC/ST/PwD Online Net Banking

750

e-challan 750

Design of Questions

The questions in a paper may be designed to test the following

abilities:

(i)Recall: These are based on facts, principles, formulae or laws of

the discipline of the paper. The candidate is expected to be able to

obtain the answer either from his/her memory of the subject or at

most from a one-line computation.

Example Q.

During machining, maximum heat is produced

(A) in flank face (B) in rake face

(C) in shear zone (D) due to friction between chip and

tool

Ans:(C)

Design of Questions

(ii) Comprehension: These questions will test the candidate’s

understanding of the basics of his/her field, by requiring him/her

to draw simple conclusions from fundamental ideas.

Example

Q. A DC motor requires a starter in order to

(A) develop a starting torque

(B) compensate for auxiliary field ampere turns

(C) limit armature current at starting

(D) provide regenerative braking

Design of Questions

(iii) Application: In these questions, the candidate is expected to apply

his/her knowledge either through computation or by logical reasoning.

Example

Q. The sequent depth ratio of a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel is

16.48. The Froude number at the beginning of the jump is:

(A) 5.0 (B) 8.0 (C) 10.0 (D) 12.0

(iv) Analysis and Synthesis: In these questions, the candidate is presented

with data, diagrams, images etc. that require analysis before a question

can be answered. A Synthesis question might require the candidate to

compare two or more pieces of information. Questions in this category

could, for example, involve candidates in recognizing unstated

assumptions, or separating useful information from irrelevant

information.

GATE Syllabus

General Aptitude (GA): Common to All Papers

a) Verbal Ability

English grammar, sentence completion, verbal

analogies, word groups, instructions, critical reasoning

and verbal deduction.

b) Numerical Ability

Numerical computation, numerical estimation,

numerical reasoning and data interpretation.

Engineering Mathematics

Department Subjects

Sample Questions Verbal Ability

Q.1. Choose the appropriate answer to complete the following sentence: After several _____________ attempts to send the missile into space, the spacecraft were finally launched successfully.

(A) abortive (B) difficult (C) experimental (D) preliminary

Ans. (A)

Q.2. Choose the appropriate answer to complete the following sentence: Medicine is to illness as law is to _____________.

(A)discipline (B) anarchy (C) treason (D) etiquette Ans. (B)

Q.3. Read the following paragraph: “The ordinary form of mercury thermometer is used for temperature ranging from –40oF to 500oF. For measuring temperature below –40oF, thermometers filled with alcohol are used. These are, however, not satisfactory for use in high temperatures. When a mercury thermometer is used for temperature above 500oF, the space above the mercury is filled with some inert gas, usually nitrogen or carbon dioxide, placed in the thermometer under pressure. As the mercury rises, the gas pressures is increased, so that it is possible to use these thermometers for temperatures as high as 1000oF.” With what, besides mercury, would a thermometer be filled if it was designed to be used for measuring temperature of about 500oF?

(A) Pyrometer (B) Inert gas (C) Iron and brass (D) Gas Ans. (B)

Sample Questions

Verbal Ability

Q.4. The cost of manufacturing tractors in Korea is twenty percent less than the cost of manufacturing tractors in Germany. Even after transportation fees and import taxes are added, it is still cheaper to import tractors from Korea to Germany than to produce tractors in Germany. Which of the following assertions is best supported by the above information? (A)Labour costs in Korea are twenty percent below those in Germany.(B) Importing tractors into Germany will eliminate twenty percent of the manufacturing jobs in Germany. (C) The costs of transporting a tractor from Korea to Germany are more than twenty percent of the cost of manufacturing the tractor in Korea. (D) The import taxes on a tractor imported from Korea to Germany is less than twenty percent of the cost of manufacturing the tractor in Germany.

Ans. (D)

Sample Questions Numerical Ability

Q.5. In a survey, 3/16 of the people surveyed told that they preferred to use public transport while commuting daily to office. 5/8 of the people surveyed told that they preferred to use their own vehicles. The remaining 75 respondents said that they had no clear preference. How many people preferred to use public transport?

(A)75 (B) 100 (C) 125 (D) 133

Ans. (A)

Sample Questions Engineering Mathematics

Q.6. For which value of x will the matrix given be low become singular?

(a) 4 (b) 6 (c)8 (d) 12

Solution :

8 (0 - 12) – x (0 - 24)=0-96 + 24 x = 0 24 x = 96

X =

= 0 [since for singular matrix |A| = 0]

= 4 [Ans : a]

Sample Questions

Department Subjects

Computer Science Engineering

Q.7. Which one of the following is NOT performed during compilation?

(A)Dynamic memory allocation (B)Type checking(C) Symbol table management (D) Online expansion

Ans. (A)

Explanation:At compilation time dynamic memory allocation is not feasible.

Sample Questions Department Subjects

Electronics and Communication EngineeringQ.8 In the interconnection of ideal sources shown in the figure, It is known that the 60 V source is absorbing power.

Which of the following can be the value of the current source I ?

(a)10A (b) 13A (c) 15A (d) 18A

Ans: (a)

Explaination:

Since power is absorbing by 60V source

I' =12 – I

I'<12A

Q.8.(a) Q.8.(a) In the circuits shown below,the current In the circuits shown below,the current through the inductor is through the inductor is

(a)(a) (b) (b) (c) (c) (d) 0 A(d) 0 A

Ans: (c)Ans: (c)

According to KCL at node d there will be no current in voltage According to KCL at node d there will be no current in voltage sources.sources.

According to KCL at node a current through inductor will beAccording to KCL at node a current through inductor will be

ii1 1 =i+1 =i+1 ----(1)(1)

Applying KVL in loop ABCD we have,Applying KVL in loop ABCD we have,

1* i+(i+1)j1+1 0-1 0=01* i+(i+1)j1+1 0-1 0=0

i+(i+1)j=0i+(i+1)j=0

(1+j)i=0(1+j)i=-j

There fore from (1) and (2) we have,

Q.8(b)The Boolean functions Y=AB+CD is to be Q.8(b)The Boolean functions Y=AB+CD is to be realized using only 2 inputs NAND gates. the realized using only 2 inputs NAND gates. the minimum number of gates required isminimum number of gates required is

(a)(a)2 2 (b) 3(b) 3 (c) 4(c) 4 (d) 5(d) 5

inputs outputsinputs outputs

Y=AB+CD=A.B+C.DY=AB+CD=A.B+C.D

Ans: (b)Explaination:

Sample Questions

Department Subjects

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Q.9 In the given rectifier, the delay angel of the thyristor T1 measured from the positive going zero crossing of Vs is 30o. If the input voltage Vs is 100 sin (100 πt) V, the average voltage across R (in Volt) under steady-state is ______.

CIVIL ENGINEERINGCIVIL ENGINEERING

Q 10. For a pipe of radius r, flowing half full under the action of Q 10. For a pipe of radius r, flowing half full under the action of gravity, the hydraulic depth isgravity, the hydraulic depth is

(a) r (a) r (b) (b) (c) (c) (d)(d)

solution:solution:

Hydraulic depth=Hydraulic depth=

Area =Area = Top width = 2rTop width = 2r

Hydraulic depth = Hydraulic depth = = =

[Ans : b][Ans : b]

d

2

2 d

Q.11 A long thin walled cylindrical shell, closed at both the ends is subjected to an internal pressure. The ratio of hoop stress to longitudinal stress developed in the shell is

(a)0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 2.0 (d) 4.0

Solution : In thin cylindrical shell,

Hoop stress (σc) =

Longitudinal stress (σl) =

= 2.0 [Ans : c]

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Post-Exam Related Information

Calculation of GATE Score:

The examination for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers will be conducted in multi-sessions. Hence, for these papers, a suitable normalization is applied to take into account any variation in the difficulty levels of the question papers across different sessions. The normalization is done based on the fundamental assumption that "in all multi-session GATE papers, the distribution of abilities of candidates is the same across all the sessions". This assumption is justified since the number of candidates appearing in multi-session papers in GATE 2015 is large and the procedure of allocation of session to candidates is random.Further it is also ensured that for the same multi-session paper, the number of candidates allotted in each session is of the same order of magnitude. Based on the above, and considering various normalization methods, the committee arrived at the following formula for calculating the normalized marks, for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers.

Post-Exam Related Information

Calculation of GATE Score:

After the evaluation of the answers, normalized marks based on the above formula will be calculated corresponding to the raw marks obtained by a candidate for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers and the GATE 2015 Score will be calculated based on the normalized marks.

GATE ResultsGATE Results

GATE results will be announced on end of March and it will GATE results will be announced on end of March and it will be available on the GATE Online Application Website.be available on the GATE Online Application Website.

GATE 2015 score is valid for THREE YEARS from the date of GATE 2015 score is valid for THREE YEARS from the date of announcement of the results.announcement of the results.

Gate first IES nextGate first IES next

The gate preparation will cover almost 70% of the total The gate preparation will cover almost 70% of the total preparation required for IES, the gate examination is in preparation required for IES, the gate examination is in February/march and the IES is held after wards in June.February/march and the IES is held after wards in June.

Therefore, the best strategy is to prepare initially for gate and Therefore, the best strategy is to prepare initially for gate and then onward concentrate on the remaining portion of IES, if the then onward concentrate on the remaining portion of IES, if the candidate is successful in gate with good rank, then the chances candidate is successful in gate with good rank, then the chances of getting success in IES examination will be very bright.of getting success in IES examination will be very bright.

The suggested approach for a fresher is “GATE first IES next” .The suggested approach for a fresher is “GATE first IES next” .

Career opportunities for Mechanical Engineers after IES

Engineering Degree holder in Mechanical Engineering can seek employment in Group A (Mechanical Engineering Posts) in following departments.

•Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers•Central Engineering Service (Roads)•Central Power Engineering Service•Indian Naval Armament Service•Central Electrical & Mechanical Engineering Service•Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, a branch in the Indian Army•Indian Navy•Geological Survey of India•Indian Supply Service•Indian Defense Service of Engineers

Career opportunities for Civil Engineers after IES

Candidates who have specialization in Civil Engineering can start their career as Assistant Executive Engineer in following departments.•Indian Railway Service of Engineers•Indian Railway Stores Service•Central Engineering Service•Indian Defense Service of Engineers•Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS)•Central Water Engineering•Central Engineering Service (Roads)•Border Roads Engineering Service

RECRUITMENT OF RECRUITMENT OF ENGINEERS ENGINEERS

THROUGH GATE THROUGH GATE 2015 2015

Stream and category wise qualifying cut-off for GATE – 2015

GATE Paper Code

No of Candidate

s Appeared

GATE PaperQualifying Marks

(General)

Qualifying Marks

(OBCNCL)

Qualifying Marks

(SC/ST/PwD)

EC 172714Electronics and Communication

25 22.5 16.67

CS 115425Computer Science and IT

25 22.5 16.67

ME 22,367Mechanical Engineering

32.73 29.46 21.82

EE 125851Electrical Engineering

25 22.5 16.67

IN 185758Instrumentation Engineering

25.45 22.9 16.96

CE 101429 Civil Engineering 25 22.5 16.67

CH 15,844Chemical Engineering

27.52 24.77 18.34

BT 10,719 Biotechnology 26.08 23.47 17.39

PSUs considering GATE scores for entry level Engineer positions

Few Suggestions for StudiesFew Suggestions for Studies

Utilize your Utilize your free hours free hours for the preparation.for the preparation.

Divide into Divide into groupsgroups and make sure to work out and make sure to work out maximum questions during free time. maximum questions during free time. Help each Help each other other with tough problems.with tough problems.

Each one take up a Each one take up a part of the syllabuspart of the syllabus. Study . Study those topics well and take a class for the rest.those topics well and take a class for the rest.

Maintain a Maintain a common document common document where each where each person’s choice will be published and an efficient person’s choice will be published and an efficient schedule can be prepared.schedule can be prepared.

Just a Just a few months few months of effort can get us an of effort can get us an admission/Employmentadmission/Employment

in one of the pioneer institutes/PSU in in one of the pioneer institutes/PSU in India.India.

Always remember :Always remember :

NO PAIN, NO GAIN NO PAIN, NO GAIN !!!!

THANK YOU