Who are the Youth in Who are the Youth in Minnesota’s Juvenile Minnesota’s Juvenile

Justice System?Justice System?

Presenter: Chris Bray, L.P., Ph.D.,Director of Juvenile Services, Minnesota Department of Corrections

June 19, 2008

Presentation Assistance Provided Presentation Assistance Provided by:by:• Allison Anfinson; School Safety Center, Minnesota Department of Public Safety• Chris Bray; Minnesota Department of Corrections• Danette Buskovick; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs• Cheryl Holm-Hanson; Wilder Research• Tricia Hummel; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs•Cheryl Kreager; Juvenile Justice Coalition of Minnesota•Dana Swayze; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs

Challenges:Challenges:

•Data Limitations

•Multiple Systems Involved

•Data Privacy Rules

•County & School District

Based System

What Do We What Do We Know?Know?

About Delinquent YouthAbout Delinquent Youth

Minnesota Population Less Than 181,257,264

Juvenile Arrests for Criminal Offenses54,384

Juvenile Delinquency Petitions21,595

Minnesota Juvenile Justice Involved

Youth 2006

Juvenile Probation14, 742

Secure Admissions to Detention and Secure Admissions to Residential Programs

Adult Certification

Sources: : “From “Getting By” to “Getting Ahead,” Kids County Data Book 2008, Children’s Defense Fund Minnesota accessed at http://www.cdf-mn.org/PDF/KidsCount_08/KidsCount_08_finalRev.pdf; State of Minnesota Department of Public Safety, “Minnesota Crime Information 2003,” Bureau of Criminal Apprehension Criminal Justice Information Systems Uniform Crime Report accessed at http://www.bca.state.mn.us/CJIS/Documents/Page-15-02.html; Research and Evaluation Court Services Division State Court Administrator’s Office Minnesota Supreme Court; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs.

98

15,000

Minnesota Child Population by Minnesota Child Population by Race/Ethnicity (2006)Race/Ethnicity (2006)

White, Non-Hispanic 79% (988,666)

Black, Non-Hispanic 6% (80,048)

American Indian, Non-Hispanic 1% (18,499)

Asian, Non-Hispanic 5% (58,032)

Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific <1% (562)

Islander, Non-Hispanic

Two or More Races, 3% (38,166)

Non-Hispanic

Hispanic or Latino 6% (73,291)

Child Population 1,257,264

Source: “From “Getting By” to “Getting Ahead,” Kids County Data Book 2008, Children’s Defense Fund Minnesota accessed at http://www.cdf-mn.org/PDF/KidsCount_08/KidsCount_08_finalRev.pdf

Offense & Race of Persons Arrested in Minnesota Offense & Race of Persons Arrested in Minnesota Under Age 18 (2006)Under Age 18 (2006)

Offense White (79% of Pop.)

African American(6% of Pop.)

Indian/Alaskan Native(1% of Pop.)

Asian (5% of Pop.)

Part 111,319

61% 6,915

30% 3,414

3% 375

5% 615

Part II33,706

67% 22,431

26% 8,893

4% 1,426

3% 956

Curfew/ Loitering4,966

21% 1,052

68% 3,386

7% 349

4% 179

Runaway4,393

42% 1,830

44% 1,951

4% 183

10% 429

Total54,384

59% 32,228

32% 17,644

4% 2,333

5% 2,719

Source: “State of Minnesota Department of Public Safety 2006 Crime Information,” Bureau of Criminal Apprehension Criminal Justice Information Systems Uniform Crime Report, accessed April 4, 2008, http://www.dps.state.mn.us/bca/CJIS/Documents/crime2006%5Cmci2006.pdf

•The number of Hispanic and Non-Hispanic youth was not separated out

School Crime Data: School Crime Data: County Attorney Cases in Three Metro County Attorney Cases in Three Metro

Counties (2007)Counties (2007)

Hennepin Ramsey DakotaTotal Reviewed 10,536 4,606 3,848Delinquency Cases *

School Crimes 2,331 (22%) 927 (20%) 934 (24%) **

Truancy Referrals 1,404 338 447**

* Does not include Truancy or Status Offenses

** 2006-2007 academic year

Source: Hennepin, Ramsey and Dakota County Attorney’s Offices

Petition Cases (Charges Filed) by Petition Cases (Charges Filed) by Race/Ethnicity 2006Race/Ethnicity 2006

White 39% 8,373Black or African American 21% 4,551Hispanic or Latino 6% 1,237Asian* 3% 645American Indian or Alaskan Native 5% 1,096Other/Mixed 3% 747Unknown 23% 4,946

All Minorities 38% 8,276

Total 21,595*Includes Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islanders.

Source: State Court Administrator’s Office

Juvenile Probation By Race (2006)Juvenile Probation By Race (2006)White 54% 8,002Black 24% 3,466American Indian 6% 949Asian/Pacific Islander 4% 580Unknown 10% 1,492Other 2% 253

Hispanic 6% 930Non-Hispanic 94% 13,812

Total 14,742Source: “2006 Probation Survey, Minnesota Department of Corrections; http://www.doc.state.mn.us/publications/documents/2006ProbationSurvey-revised.pdf

Summary Data 2007 (DOC)Summary Data 2007 (DOC)Youth Level of Service Inventory Youth Level of Service Inventory

Initial Risk to Re-Offend Assessments Initial Risk to Re-Offend Assessments N=2350N=2350

Low Risk Medium Risk High Risk

21% 58% 21%

Corrections Youth in Placement 2005Corrections Youth in Placement 2005DHS SSIS DataDHS SSIS Data

Children Receiving Care andSupervised by Corrections

All Children Receiving Care

Caucasian 55.5% 56%

African American

23% 20%

Native American 9.2% 11.5%

Asian 4% 2%

Red Wing & Juvenile Probation Race/EthnicityRed Wing & Juvenile Probation Race/Ethnicity

< 1% of delinquents end up in Red Wing

Probation on 12/31/2006

N=14,742

Red Wing on 3/30/06N=143

Caucasian 54% 27%

Black 24% 40%

American Indian 6% 22%

Asian/Pacific Islander

4% 1%

Hispanic/Latino 6% 8%

Recidivism Statistics For MCF-RWReleased From MCF-RW in FY04

16%

10%

33%

20%

39%

26%

1 Year 2 Year 3 Year

RCF

RIF

RCF Re-convicted of a felony

RIF Re-incarcerated for a felony

n = 99

99 residents were released in Fiscal Year 2004

Council Child Caring Agencies 2006 Annual ReportCouncil Child Caring Agencies 2006 Annual Report

Legal Status Presenting problems

Race Financial Support

Outcomes 6 mon. after discharge

45% Delinquent 92% oppositional

59% White 77% counties 87% attending school

55% CHIPS 87% depressed, sad

18% African American

34% private insurance

83% no new convictions

84% impulsive acts

11% Native American

2% parent contribution

58% completed program

83% parent/child relationships

9% Hispanic

77% substance abuse for youth in correctional facilities

9% Multicultural

3% Asian

Cases Transferred to Adult Court Cases Transferred to Adult Court (2006)(2006)

White 23% 23Black or African American 30% 29Hispanic or Latino 4% 4Asian* 2% 2American Indian or Alaska Native 9% 9Other/Mixed 0% 0Unknown 32% 31

All Minorities 45% 44

Total 98*Includes Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

Source: State Court Administrator’s Office

Points of Contact

Black or African American

Hispanic or Latino

Asian Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

American Indian or Alaska Native

Other/ Mixed All Minorities

Juvenile Arrests 4.84 2.76 0.63 * 3.16 * 3.03

Refer to Juvenile Court -- -- -- * -- * --

Cases Diverted -- -- -- * -- * --

Cases Involving Secure Detention

2.66 1.45 4.24 * 3.44 * 2.54

Cases Petitioned 1.38 0.97 2.15 * 2.02 * 1.52

Cases Resulting in Delinquent Findings

-- -- -- * -- * --

Cases Resulting in Probation Placement

0.03 0.05 0.06 * 0.04 * 0.03

Cases Resulting in Confinement in Secure Juvenile Correctional Facilities

1.40 1.66 2.28 * 1.53 * 1.40

Cases Transferred to Adult Court

2.32 ** ** * 2.99 * 1.94

Group meets 1% Threshold? Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

Juvenile Justice Mental Health Juvenile Justice Mental Health Screening Data (2005) Screening Data (2005)

•14,785 new juvenile probation entries

• 9,594 youth in detention or found delinquent met screening criteria

• 56% completed screens

•71% of completed screens were referred for assessment

Source: Minnesota Department of Human Services

Dual System Youth Dual System Youth (2002/2003)(2002/2003)

30% of youth in child welfare became dualsystem youth (justice involved) in2002/2003

Ages 10-17

Reached a permanency decision in 2002

What Do We What Do We Know?Know?About StudentsAbout Students

Minnesota School Enrollment Grades K-12828,243

All Reported Disciplinary Incidents74,243

Removal/Out-of-School Suspensions

(One Day or Longer)47,347

7,909

1,616

Disciplinary Incidents Involving Weapons

Disciplinary Incidents Student with an IEP

Source: Minnesota Department of Education, School and Special Education Enrollment (2006-2007), http://eduation.state.mn.us/MDE/Data/Data_Downloads/Student/Enrollment/State/index.htmlMinnesota Department of Education, “Dangerous Weapons and Disciplinary Incidents School Year 2006-2007, February 2007, FY 2007 Report to the Legislature.

Minnesota Academic Year

2006-2007

Disciplinary Incidents Without Over Representation of Students with an IEP

48,460

Race/Ethnicity of Offenders & School Race/Ethnicity of Offenders & School Enrollment PopulationEnrollment Population

(2006-2007 Academic Year)(2006-2007 Academic Year)Race/Ethnicity Offenders Enrolled

Population

White/Non-Hispanic 42.2% (31,334) 77% (639,655)

Black/Non-Hispanic 39.9% (29,621) 9% (74,985)

Hispanic 7.5% (5,545) 6% (47,387)

Native American 5.9% (4,382) 2% (17,351)

Asian/Pacific Islander 2.6% (1,965) 6% (48,865)

Total 74,243* 828,243

* Missing data: 1,396 (1.9%)

Source: Minnesota Department of Education, “Dangerous Weapons and Disciplinary Incidents School Year 2006-2007, February 2007, FY 2007 Report to the Legislature.

Top Disciplinary OffensesTop Disciplinary Offenses(2006-2007 Academic Year)(2006-2007 Academic Year)

Disruptive/Disorderly Conduct/Insubordination 35.7% (25,807)

Fighting 17.1% (12,409)

Assault 8.4% (6,108)

Threat/Intimidation 4.9% (3,554)

Attendance 4.6% (3,360)

Other 4.4% (3,208)

Source: Minnesota Department of Education, “Dangerous Weapons and Disciplinary Incidents School Year 2006-2007, February 2007, FY 2007 Report to the Legislature.

Minnesota Department of Education Minnesota Department of Education State Enrollment Data 2006State Enrollment Data 2006

All Students

Special Ed Students

EBD Discipline IncidentsSp Ed

Discipline IncidentsEBD

Discipline IncidentsGen ED

Caucasian 77% 75% 67% 51% 51% 48%

African American

9% 12% 22% 35% 35% 34%

Hispanic 6% 6% 6% 7% 8% 8%

Asian 6% 4% 4% 6% 5% 6%

Native American

2% 3% 1% 2% 1% 4%

How Do Minnesota How Do Minnesota Youth in Correctional Youth in Correctional Facilities Compare to Facilities Compare to the General School the General School Youth Population?Youth Population?

What Do We What Do We Know?Know?

About Family EngagementAbout Family Engagement

PACER Family Needs Research Project PACER Family Needs Research Project 20042004

A parent survey designed to better understand what parents & families need from mental health system.

Public Policy Recommendations included: Access and information Training Funding

Parents as PartnersParents as Partners

26 multidisciplinary focus groups conducted throughout the state in 2007/08

Every professional from every discipline, including parents and parent advocates acknowledged the need to better engage parents as partners

Presentation Assistance Provided Presentation Assistance Provided by:by:• Allison Anfinson; School Safety Center, Minnesota Department of Public Safety• Chris Bray; Minnesota Department of Corrections• Danette Buskovick; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs• Cheryl Holm-Hanson; Wilder Research• Tricia Hummel; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs•Cheryl Kreager; Juvenile Justice Coalition of Minnesota•Dana Swayze; Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs