WHITE WALNUTJUGLANS CINERCEA

By David Marquardt

Classification (4) Kingdom  Plantae Subkingdom  Tracheobionta Superdivision  Spermatophyta Division  Magnoliophyta Class  Magnoliopsida Subclass  Hamamelididae Order  Juglandales Family  Juglandaceae Genus  Juglans L. Species  Juglans cinerea L.

Shape, Form, and Leaves (1)The White Walnut grows to 40 to 60 feet in height and has a spreads of 40 to 60 feetThe short trunk divides into a few ascending limbs and sparsely forked branchesSmaller branches tend to droop down and turn up at the endThe broad open crown has a irregular outline and a rounded topIt grows very fast and often does not live more 75 years

Figure 1

Leaves, Bark, and Twigs (3)

Leaves are alternate and pinnately compound Leaves become wider at the middleLeaves are clammy hairy to the touchThere are 11-17 leaflets in one leaf leaflets can 11-20 inches longThe leaves are palatable to deer

The bark of a white walnut has long broad flat ridges and is a light gray color

The twigs have a “monkey face” on the leaf scars and are hairy. The hair seem to form a moustache on the monkey

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Bud, Flower, and Fruit (5)

Terminal buds are oblong and flattenedLateral buds are much smaller and are generally superposed

Female flowers usually appear first they are smaller and more inconspicuous than the male catkins (Figure 6) They begin to flower in Mid-April to late June depending on Latitiude

Fruits are nearly twice as long as they are wide and covered in oily hairsFruits grow in groups of 1-5 and ripen in OctoberThe fruit provides food for squirrels and other rodents

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Habitat and Range (2)The White walnut can be found naturally in area covering central Missouri east towards Virginia North through New Hampshire and back west Across the Great Lakes region and Iowa, Wisconsin and Illinois

White Walnut grows best on well drained hillsides and streambeds in Mixed hardwood forests

Figure 8

Uses (2)The white walnut is prized more for its nuts than for its lumberThe sweet oily nuts are delicious they are used especially in New England for Maple- Butternut Candy Small amounts of wood are used in toys and noveltiesThe wide spreading branches of this tree make it a great shade tree Figure 9

Bibliography Internet sources

1 Nature Hills Nursery. (n.d.). White Walnut. Trees, Plants, Bushes, and Shrubs offered by Nature Hills Nursery. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://www.naturehills.com/product/white_walnut.aspx

2 Rink, G. (n.d.). Juglans cinerea L. Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry - USDA Forest Service. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/juglans/cinerea.htm

3 Samuelson, L. (n.d.). Butternut/White Walnut. Trees of Alabama and the SOutheast. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from https://fp.auburn.edu/sfws/samuelson/dendrology/juglandaceae_pg/butternut_wht_walnut.htm

4 Department of Agriculture. (n.d.). Classification | USDA PLANTS. Welcome to the PLANTS Database | USDA PLANTS. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=profile&symbol=JUCI&display=31

5 Elwell, L. (2009, May 15). Maine Tree Species Fact Sheet - Butternut. The University of Maine - Cooperative Extension. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://extension.umaine.edu/mainetreeclub/factsheets/odd-year-htm/butternut.htm

Bibliography (cont.) Figures

2 Elwell, L. (2009, May 15). Maine Tree Species Fact Sheet - Butternut. The University of Maine - Cooperative Extension. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://extension.umaine.edu/mainetreeclub/factsheets/odd-year-htm/butternut.htm

3, 4 Hogan, M. (n.d.). Butternut/White Walnut. Trees of Alabama and the Southeast. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from https://fp.auburn.edu/sfws/samuelson/dendrology/juglandaceae_pg/butternut_wht_walnut.htm

8 Rink, G. (n.d.). Juglans cinerea L. Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry - USDA Forest Service. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/juglans/cinerea.htm

1, 5, 6, 7, and 9 Wcisel, K. (n.d.). Juglans cinerea - Butternut Tree  Facts & Pictures. Treetopics.com Photographs of trees and woody plants. Pictures to help identify trees.. Retrieved June 23, 2010, from http://www.treetopics.com/juglans_cinerea/index.htm