BUSINESS BUSINESS ETHICSETHICS

Presented ByPresented By

Anam KhanAnam KhanSaira AliSaira AliNaila MaqboolNaila Maqbool

Presented ToPresented To

Mam FouziaMam Fouzia

Business EthicsBusiness Ethics

Business EthicsBusiness Ethics Is a form of applied ethics that Is a form of applied ethics that

examines ethical principles and examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environmentin a business environment. .

Four Concept of EthicsFour Concept of Ethics

RelativismRelativismEgoismEgoismUtilitarianismUtilitarianismDeonotologismDeonotologism

RelativismRelativism

RelativismRelativism is the idea that is the idea that some elements or aspects of some elements or aspects of experience or culture are relative to, experience or culture are relative to, i.e., dependent on, other elements or i.e., dependent on, other elements or aspects.aspects.

Aspect of RelativismAspect of Relativism

Common statements that might be Common statements that might be considered relativistic include:considered relativistic include:

"That's true for you but not for me.""That's true for you but not for me.""Beauty is in the eye of the "Beauty is in the eye of the

beholder."beholder.""You can't judge other cultures by "You can't judge other cultures by

the standards of your own."the standards of your own."

Relativism ProblemsRelativism Problems

FraudFraud

SlaverySlavery

TortureTorture

Ethical EgoismEthical Egoism

Ethical EgoismEthical Egoism is the normative is the normative ethical position that moral agents ethical position that moral agents ought to do what is in their own self-ought to do what is in their own self-interest. interest.

Egoism ProblemsEgoism Problems

Externalities associated with private Externalities associated with private actions to dump toxic wastes as long actions to dump toxic wastes as long as don’t get caughtas don’t get caught

UtilitarianismUtilitarianism

UtilitarianismUtilitarianism is the idea that the is the idea that the moral worth of an action is moral worth of an action is determined solely by its contribution determined solely by its contribution to overall utilityto overall utility

UtilitarianismUtilitarianism is often described is often described by the phrase "the greatest good for by the phrase "the greatest good for the greatest number of people", the greatest number of people",

Utilitarianisms ProblemsUtilitarianisms Problems

Morality can not be judge Morality can not be judge

Any action that may be right for one Any action that may be right for one is not for otheris not for other

DeonotologismDeonotologism

Derived from the Greek word “Duty”Derived from the Greek word “Duty”

Actions are not justified by their Actions are not justified by their consequences.consequences.

Whistle-blowingWhistle-blowing

What is Whistle-blowing?What is Whistle-blowing?

It is when person takes a concern It is when person takes a concern (such as suspected abuse or fraud) (such as suspected abuse or fraud) outside of the organization in which it is outside of the organization in which it is occurringoccurring

The person with the concern must be The person with the concern must be affiliated with the organizationaffiliated with the organization

Generally…..Generally…..

The misconduct is The misconduct is a violation of law, a violation of law, rule, regulation rule, regulation and/or a direct and/or a direct threat to public threat to public interestinterest

Type of Whistle-blowerType of Whistle-blower

Internal Whistle-blowerInternal Whistle-blower

External Whistle-blowerExternal Whistle-blower

There are two types of There are two types of Whistle blowers:Whistle blowers:

Internal Internal Whistle –Whistle –blowers:blowers:

report misconduct to report misconduct to another employee or another employee or a superior within a superior within their organizationtheir organization

External External whistle-whistle-blowers: blowers: report report misconduct to misconduct to outside persons or outside persons or entitiesentities

Reasons why someone Reasons why someone would blow the whistle are:would blow the whistle are:

A violation of a law, rule or A violation of a law, rule or regulationregulation

Gross mismanagementGross mismanagementA gross waste of fundsA gross waste of fundsAn abuse of authorityAn abuse of authorityA substantial and specific danger to A substantial and specific danger to

public health or safetypublic health or safety

Reactions to whistle-Reactions to whistle-blowers:blowers:

They are ostracized by their co-They are ostracized by their co-workersworkers

Discriminated against by future Discriminated against by future potential employerspotential employers

Fired from their organizationsFired from their organizations

Examples of retaliation Examples of retaliation on whistle- blowers:on whistle- blowers:

In the school district of Albany, a In the school district of Albany, a computer network specialist found computer network specialist found pornography on the school pornography on the school superintendent’s computer. As a superintendent’s computer. As a result, he expects to be out a jobresult, he expects to be out a job

In closing……In closing……

A whistle-blowing is exposure of fraud or abuse A whistle-blowing is exposure of fraud or abuse by someone with in the organizationby someone with in the organization

There are 2 classificationsThere are 2 classificationsInternalInternalExternalExternal

Whistle-blowers are often ostracized, Whistle-blowers are often ostracized, discriminated against or fired.discriminated against or fired.

Laws have been enacted to protected those who Laws have been enacted to protected those who blow the whistle.blow the whistle.

BriberyBribery

Case StudyCase Study

Case Study in U.KCase Study in U.K

Bluffing and Bluffing and DeceptionDeception