which of the following do you consider the most...
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Which of the following do you
consider the most important organism on earth?
• A) Bacteria
• B) Algae
• C) Plants
• D) Animals
• E) Humanshttps://d32ogoqmya1dw8.cloudfront.net/images/eet/phytoplankton/diatom_conc.jpg
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Melba Horton, Ph. D.
Florida Polytechnic University
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• Photosyntheticmicro/macroscopic
protists
• Food & shelter for
aquatic
organisms
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant#/media/File:Haeckel_Siphoneae.jpg
http://russgeorge.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/silly-plankton-24821841-470x260.jpg
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SPECIES DIVERSITY
• Diatoms
~ 20,000 species
• Seaweeds
~10,000 species
http://fine-art-prints-store.com/product_info.php?products_id=2541http://www.sanibelseaschool.org/experienceblog/2014/9/26/phytoplankt
on-friday
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MACROALGAE
• Sargassum (gulf weed)
• Rich in alginate
• Overexploited • Caulerpa (sea grapes)
• Rich in antioxidant
• High Demand
• Undaria (Asian kelp)
• Rich in fucoidan
• High demand
http://www.conservation.bm/sargassu
m-seaweed/ http://www.eattheweeds.com/caulerpa-warm-
water-salad-and-pest-2/
http://www.lef.org/~/media/lef/images/magazi
ne/mag2011/images/may2011_Japanese_di
et_04big.ashx
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INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
http://www.sportsnutrition.co
m/twinlab-mens-ultra-daily/
http://www.amitcellulose.com/sodium-alginate.html
http://www.yijiahuayi.com/product-
dental_impression_specialized_alginate-
474.html
http://www.yijiahuayi.com/photo.html?t
=P&pID=472
• food
• textile
• bakery
• cosmetics
• paper
• Adhesives
• dental
impression
• ointments
• welding rod
• Latex
• medicine
&
bioethanol
production
Sargassum – major source of alginate used in:
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“Growth and Survival of
Sargassum crassifolium
Germlings Under
Laboratory Conditions”
http://www.esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E084/046/appendix-C.htm
http://www.virtualherbarium.org/tea
ch/plantsys/crown.htmlhttp://www.nature.com/srep/2013/1308
22/srep02491/full/srep02491.html
Environmental
Sustainability
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Coastal
Restoration
http://c8.alamy.com/comp/A04M5Y/loggerhead-turtle-hatchlings-caretta-caretta-taking-refuge-among-sargassum-A04M5Y.jpg
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“Alginate content of farmed
Undaria pinnatifida Harvey
Suringar from the three bays of
Iwate, Japan during harvest
period”
Sustainable
Farming
ALGINATE
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Fucoidan- sulfated
polysaccharide found in
brown seaweeds used as:
• anti-oxidant
• anti-inflammatory
• stem cell modulator
• antiatherosclerotic, etc…
Biofuel
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Fucoidan
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“Comparison of the growth
of Caulerpa between
sheltered and exposed
habitats”
Sustainable
Farming
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4jluWf9LuYg/VO_troG0K1I/AAAAAAAAD7s/cRK2QaJe2hA/s1600/17-2.gif
http://www.aff.org.au/Images/Paul_sea_grape_prodn.gif
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Caulerpa - green alga
used as source of:
• antioxidant
• antidiabetic
• anti-cancer
• anti-tuberculosis
• heavy metal biosorption,
etc.
& biofuel production
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
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MICROALGAE
• Spirogyra
• Benthic/Planktonic
• Biofuel • Cylindrotheca
• Silica cell wall
• Mudflat stabilization
• Scenedesmus
• Phytoplankton
• Biofuel
http://imageshack.com/f/854/jueh.png
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“Movement modalities and
responses to environmental
changes of the mudflat diatom
Cylindrotheca closterium
(Bacillariophyceae) ”
Environmental
Sustainability
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DIATOM IN MOTION
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INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Diatom Frustules used in:• Nanostructured photoelectrode
• Drug delivery
• Biosensors
• Nanocomposites
• cell encapsulation-space filler
etc…http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService
.svc/ImageService/Articleimage/2014/CC/c4cc04470c/c4cc04470c-s1_hi-res.gif
http://www.mdpi.com/marinedrugs/marinedrugs-12-
02877/article_deploy/html/images/marinedrugs-12-02877-g002-
1024.png
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/5/2877/htm
http://farm8.static.flickr.com/7273/6860980262_c91c5
3d39a.jpg
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“Lipid Production Of Algae
From Lake Lanier Waters
For Biofuel Utilization ”
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Lip
id C
on
ten
t (%
)
Type of Algae
Mixed Algae
Spirogyra
Scenedesmus
Renewable Energy
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Renewable Energy “Effect of Metal Salt on
Diatom Lipid Production”
Cyclotella
Thalassiosira
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Biomass Utilization “Phosphatic Clay-Diatom
Mixture: Potential Material
for Supercapacitor”
“Enhancing Phosphatic
Clay Permeability Using
Diatom Frustules”
“MASS PRODUCTION OF
ENDEMIC DIATOMS IN POLK
COUNTY WITH CONCOMITANT
BIOFUEL EXTRACTION AND COST
ANALYSIS”Sponsor Agency
Florida Industrial and Phosphate
Research Institute
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Thank you!