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Chapter 2:

Managing PersonalStress

1

Developing ManagementSkills

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Learning Objectives

Adopt strategies foreliminating stressors

Enhance level of personalresilience Utilize appropriate temporary

coping responses

2

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Management ofStress and Time

Costs US economy $500 illionann!ally

Stress related pro lems at "ork

incl!de# ! A senteeism ! !rnover ! %o Dissatisfaction

! Accidents ! &hysical 'ealth of Employees

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The Role ofManagement

(ne)ectiveManagement

"

E#ployee$tress

E#ployee$tress

Ine%%ecti&e'anage#ent

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*e"in+s ,orce ,ield

(

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Stress "efenseMechanisms

1/ Aggression

2/ egression3/ epression4/ ithdra"al

5/ ,i-ation

*

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# $eneral Model ofStress

(nsert ,ig!re 2/2

+

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Managing Stress

# %ierarch& of #pproachesEnactive Strategies# Eliminate

stressors&roactive Strategies# Develop

resiliency strategies

eactive Strategies# *earntemporary coping strategies

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Ph&siologicalConse'(ences of

Stress(nsert ,ig!re 2/3

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ypes of Stressors

ime Stressors ! ork overload

! *ack of control Enco!nter Stressors

! ole con6icts

! (ss!e con6icts ! Action con6icts

12

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T&pes of Stressors

Sit!ational Stressors ! Unfavora le "orking conditions ! apid change

Anticipatory Stressors ! Unpleasant e-pectations ! ,ear

1

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*liminating Stressors

(nsert a le 2/3

1"

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*+ective TimeManagement

1/Spending time on importantmatters

2/Disting!ishing et"eenimportant tasks vers!s!rgent tasks

3/,oc!s on res!lts rather than

methods4/7ot feeling g!ilty "hensaying 8no9

1(

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T&pes of #ctivities that"etermine Time ,se

(nsert :g!re 2/4

1)

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*-cient TimeManagement

40 echni;!es for imeManagement

20 apply to all aspectsof life

20 apply to

management

1*

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Collaboration

Eliminating enco!nterstress thro!gh

mem ership in a sta le.close

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*motional .an/#cco(nts

A metaphor "hichcompares investments in

relationships to depositsand "ithdra"als in ankacco!nts/ he more people

interact positively. themore deposits are made/

1

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or/ Redesign

E)ectively eliminating stress andincreasing prod!ctivity ychanging aspects of "ork/

o eliminate stressors at "ork# ! com ine tasks ! form identi:a le "ork !nits ! esta lish c!stomer relationships

! increase decision

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Small ins Strateg&

(dentify something !nder yo!rcontrol

Change it in a "ay that leads

to"ard desired goal ,ind another small thing tochange and change it

>eep track of changes made Maintain the small gains made

thro!gh change

2

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Resilienc&

he capacity to "ithstandor manage the negativee)ects of stress. too!nce ack fromadversity. and end!redi?c!lt sit!ations/

2"

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.alancing Life#ctivities

(nsert :g!re 2/@

2(

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Resilienc&: Moderatingthe *+ects of Stress

2)

Physiologicalesiliency

Psychologicalesiliency

$ocialesiliency

Cardio&ascularconditioning

Proper diet

alancedli%estyle

Hardypersonality

$#all-/ins

strategy

$upporti&esocial relations

'entors ea#/or

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.ene ts ofReg(lar *3ercise

1/ Maintainingoptimal"eight

2/ (ncreasingpsychological"ell eing

3/ (mproving thecardiovasc!larsystem

2*

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4o( #re hat 4o( *at5

Eat a variety of foods Maintain optimal "eight ed!ce fat intake Eat more "hole foods ed!ce s!gar and sodi!m intake Avoid alcohol and ca)eine ake vitamins and s!pplements Make eating a rela-ing time

2+

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%ardiness

E-ert control overaspects of yo!r life

=et involvedecome committedto a ca!se

See change as ane" challenge. notas a threat

2

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T&pe # Personalit&

E-treme competitiveness Strong desires for

achievement

'aste (mpatience estlessness

'yperalertness E-plosiveness of speech

0

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6egative *+ects ofT&pe # Personalit&

'eart disease Stress related illness Bi/e/ lo"

emotional involvement ed!ced a ility to develop

hardiness

1

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#ntidotes for T&pe #7s

Small "ins strategy Deep

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Temporar& StressRed(ction Techni'(es

&hysiological echni;!es ! M!scle rela-ation

! Deep reathing &sychological echni;!es

! (magery and fantasy

! ehearsal ! eframing

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.ehavioral $(idelines

Use time e)ectively y asingyo!r time management programon a personal mission statement!ild colla orative relationships"ith individ!als ased on tr!stork to improve yo!r emotionalintelligence

edesign yo!r "ork to increaseskill variety. importance. taskidentity. a!tonomy. andfeed ack

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.ehavioral $(idelines

=ive important activities priorityover !rgent ones(ncrease yo!r resiliency yleading a alanced life(ncrease physical resiliency yengaging in reg!lar e-ercise andhealthy eating

(ncrease psychological resiliencythro!gh a small

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.ehavioral $(idelines

(ncrease social resiliency yforming an open. tr!stingrelationship "ith at least one

other personEsta lish a team"orkrelationship "ith yo!r co"orkers*earn and practice at least t"oshort

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