where does the majority of the mass go from the food you eat?
TRANSCRIPT
Where does the majority of the mass go from the food you eat?
The majority of the mass from food you eat gets exhaled as carbon dioxide!!
How do we know?
Exercise and Pulse
• Predict what happens to your pulse when you exercise.
• Explain why your pulse increases when you exercise.
• Summarize what your body uses oxygen for.
What do we need energy for?
• All organisms need energy in order to carry out their every day functions.– Such as breathing, walking, running, eating, thinking,
growing, etc.
ENERGY
What form of energy do we make?
2009-2010
ATP
Energy in Biology
Adenosine TriPhosphate
Every organism needs ATP!
2 cellular processes make ATP • Review: Photosynthesis – Done by plants – Happens in the Chloroplast – Makes ATP from sunlight– Some ATP is used for food for the plant
• Today:Cellular Respiration – Done by all living things (in some form)– Happens in the Mitochondria – Makes ATP from breaking down food
Energy Reactions
• Cellular Respiration – C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
• Photosynthesis – 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Which are reactants and which are products?
Checkpoint
• Using the equations for cellular respiration and photosynthesis, justify why plants need to make glucose through photosynthesis.
• Cellular Respiration – C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
• Photosynthesis – 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Predict what types of cells in your body would contain many mitochondria.
Cellular Respiration • Purpose: to break down glucose
• Can be done with or without oxygen –With Oxygen: Aerobic Respiration –Without Oxygen: Anaerobic Respiration
Glucose Energy
Location of Reactions
Cellular Respiration: occurs in the mitochondria of cells
Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
• 1. Glycolysis –Happens in the
cytoplasm –Glucose is split in half–Makes 2 ATP
• 2. Kreb’s Cycle–Happens in Mitochondria–Breaks down Glucose further–Makes 2 ATP
Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
• Electron Transport Chain–Happens in Mitochondria–Uses O2 Gas–Makes 32 ATP
Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
Cellular respiration • Aerobic (with oxygen)• Cellular Respiration• Result: 36 ATP, 6 water, 6
oxygen molecules• All eukaryotic life does this
With O2 present
• Anaerobic (without oxygen)• Fermentation• Result: 2 ATP, bigger molecules
(varies with type)• All prokaryotes do this and
some eukaryotes do when stressed
With O2 absent
Cellular respiration: Fermentation• 2 Types of Fermentation
Lactic Acid fermentation
Higher animals do this in muscles
Result: 2 ATPs and lactic acid
(may cause muscle cramps)
Alcoholic fermentation
Yeast cells and bacteria do this
Result: 2 ATP, ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide (used in
bread and beer/wine making)
Energy Tally• 36 ATP for aerobic vs. 2 ATP for anaerobic
– Glycolysis 2 ATP
– Kreb’s 2 ATP
– Electron Transport 32 ATP Total: 36 ATP
Do we think we always make this exact number of ATP?
Back to the equation….
– C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 38 ATP
– C6H12O6 (food we eat)+ 6 O2 (air we breathe) 6 H2O (liquid waste) + 6 CO2 (what we exhale) + 38 ATP (no mass)
Exit Ticket