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What to buy when setting up a home recording studio By Richard Harfield, HW Audio Ltd, Bolton. There are a million different combinations of equipment that you can choose, and the wellknown names all make gear that should work well together and, given enough time and experience, you can produce professional studio quality results with it. Bruce Springsteen even recorded an album on a basic cassette based portastudio (remember cassettes if you are over 30?) . The album is called Nebraska, and is surprisingly good. Basically you have 4 options as to the means of recording 2) A computer based system. This can either be PC or Mac. If you buy a Mac, which is the more expensive option, it comes preloaded with the program or software you need. As standard it comes with GarageBand, but can be upgraded to Logic, a more comprehensive package. If you are going down the PC route, you will need to either buy a program, or the program quite often comes bundled with other gear that you will need, normally the recording interface – more about that later 3) A tablet based system. 4) A mixer with dedicated channel recording output, such as the Line6 Stagescape M20D or one which will directly interface to a computer such as the Yamaha 01V. 1) An all in one portastudio – these are made by Tascam, who invented the portastudio, initially recording on cassette, then they progressed to card storage and now they have their own hard drives built in. Some will also record your finished mix to CD for a permanent record of your creation, or as a master for duplication. These tend to be simple 2 track appbased recorders, which are used with an audio interface.

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What  to  buy  when  setting  up  a  home  recording  studio  By  Richard  Harfield,  HW  Audio  Ltd,  Bolton.    There  are  a  million  different  combinations  of  equipment  that  you  can  choose,  and  the  well-­‐known  names  all  make  gear  that  should  work  well  together  and,  given  enough  time  and  experience,  you  can  produce  professional  studio  quality  results  with  it.    Bruce  Springsteen  even  recorded  an  album  on  a  basic  cassette  based  portastudio  (remember  cassettes  if  you  are  over  30?)  .  The  album  is  called  Nebraska,  and  is  surprisingly  good.    Basically  you  have  4  options  as  to  the  means  of  recording  

   

     

 2)    A  computer  based  system.  This  can  either  be  PC  or  Mac.  If  you  buy  a  Mac,  which  is  the  more  expensive  option,  it  comes  pre-­‐loaded  with  the  program  or  software  you  need.  As  standard  it  comes  with  GarageBand,  but  can  be  upgraded  to  Logic,  a  more  comprehensive  package.    If  you  are  going  down  the  PC  route,  you  will  need  to  either  buy  a  program,  or  the  program  quite  often  comes  bundled  with  other  gear  that  you  will  need,  normally  the  recording  interface  –  more  about  that  later    3)  A  tablet  based  system.        

           4)  A  mixer  with  dedicated  channel  recording  output,  such  as  the  Line6  Stagescape  M20D  or  one  which  will  directly  interface  to  a  computer  such  as  the  Yamaha  01V.  

 

1)  An  all  in  one  portastudio  –  these  are  made  by  Tascam,  who  invented  the  portastudio,  initially  recording  on  cassette,  then  they  progressed  to  card  storage  and  now  they  have  their  own  hard  drives  built  in.  Some  will  also  record  your  finished  mix  to  CD  for  a  permanent  record  of  your  creation,  or  as  a  master  for  duplication.  

 

These  tend  to  be  simple  2  track  app-­‐based  recorders,  which  are  used  with  an  audio  interface.  

With  the  portastudio  option,  it’s  a  simple  matter  of  deciding  how  many  channels  you  need;  this  is  determined  by  how  many  mics  you  would  want  to  record  at  the  same  time.  For  example,  a  drum  kit  might  require  6  or  8  mic  channels,  where  an  acoustic  guitar  may  only  require  1  or  2.  Add  a  microphone  (see  our  PA  buying  guide  for  more  details  on  mics)  ,  a  pair  of  headphones  for  monitoring,  and  a  set  of  powered  speakers  for  mixdown  and  you  have  the  basic  set  up.    With  the  computer  based  option  there  are  a  few  more  things  that  can  be  bought,  which  makes  the  system  more  versatile,  but  also  slightly  more  complex.      You  may  need    Microphone  (unless  you  are  only  recording  from  a  source  like  keyboard  or  electro-­‐acoustic  guitar)  

   Audio  Interface  or  Sound  card.  This  is  not  to  be  confused  by  the  internal  soundcard  in  the  computer  which  is  not  suitable  for  quality  recording.  It  needs  to  have  at  least  one  XLR  socket  on  it  with  phantom  power  for  powering  condenser  mics  (see  PA  guide  for  explanation  of  phantom  power).  

     Computer  –  Mac  or  PC  –  you  decide  according  to  budget.  Macs  are  more  stable  and  are  “on”  in  seconds,  unlike  pcs  which  can  take  several  minutes  to  load  everything                        

This  is  most  likely  to  be  a  large-­‐diaphragm  condenser  microphone  like  the  one  shown  left,  which  would  give  best  results.  However  your  studio  will  still  produce  ok  results  with  a  conventional  live  microphone  if  your  budget  doesn’t  run  to    a  studio  microphone.  

Basic  interfaces  can’t  be  expanded,  but  more  sophisticated  ones  have  ADAT  expansion  ports  which  allow  extra  channels  to  be  added  simply,  normally  in  groups  of  8.  

Midi  Controller  Keyboard    In  the  program  that  you  use  to  record  your  music  are  things  called  “plugins”.  These  are  programs  or  apps  which  enable  you  to  do  various  things  including  accessing  a  range  of  midi  controllable  sounds,  accessing  loops,  inserting  compressors,  gates,  de-­‐essers  and  many  other  effects  into  your  recordings.  

   Headphones    These  are  used  to  listen  to  one  track  and  play  in  sync  the  next  track  to  be  recorded,  without  getting  overspill  of  the  tracks  you  have  already  recorded  onto  the  track  you  are  recording.  Studio  headphones  have  the  following  characteristics:  Closed  back,  to  give  isolation  from  what  you  are  listening  to,  to  open  mics  Flat  frequency  response  and  neutral  sound  –  you  hear  what  is  actually  recorded.        Studio  Monitors    

     Accessories    Mic  stand,  monitor  speaker  stands,  pop  shields,  acoustic  tiles  and  reflection  screens  are  also  desirable  extras.    

       Many  of  these  plugins  can  be  controlled  by  a  controller  keyboard.  At  its  simplest  it  is  just  a  keyboard  to  control  on-­‐board  midi  sounds  such  as  piano,  strings  etc.;  at  the  other  end,  keyboards  are  available  to  control  a  whole  raft  of  parameters  on  your  program.    

Studio  monitors  are  designed  to  sound  as  neutral  as  possible.  These  days  most  monitors  are  “active”  ;  that  is  they  have  amplifiers  built  in  them,  which  makes  life  a  little  easier.  You  will  need  a  power  socket  for  each  though,  and  a  signal  lead  to  each  one.  

 Tablet  based  system    Primarily  aimed  at  the  iPad  market,  units  such  as  the  Focusrite  iTrack  combine  a  studio  grade  mic  preamp  with  an  iPad  /  Mac  interface  and  a  free  recording  app  to  make  recording  high  quality  sound  on  the  move.  It’s  a  great  first  step,  but  you  will  soon  realise  the  shortcomings  of  the  system  and  want  to  trade  up.      Mixer  based  recorders.      

     It’s  a  very  sophisticated,  yet  intuitive  mixer  which  can  record  16  channels  to  USB,  which  can  then  be  imported  into  your  favourite  DAW  program  for  mixing,    Or  if  you  want  something  more  sophisticated,  and  what  you  would  find  in  a  smaller  pro  studio,  the  Yamaha  01V96  which  is  a  full  featured  digital  desk  with  moving  faders,  and  perfect  integration  with  Cubase  which  is  included.    

     So,  in  short,  there  is  a  lot  to  think  about.  Our  experts  at  HW  Audio  are  always  happy  to  help  you  in  specifying  your  home  studio,  just  give  us  a  call.    

If  you  are  a  live  band  who  want  to  record  your  performances  in  a  live  situation,  but  then  want  to  record  overdubs,  or  remix  at  a  later  date,  then  there  are  quite  a  few  digital  desks  which  have  real-­‐time  recording  of  each  channel  direct  to  USB.  An  example  of  this  is  the  Line6  Stagescape  M20D  mixer.