Virtualization and Cloud

Rahul Krishna Upadhyaya

30/8/2013

PyCon India [ 30th Aug , 2013 ]

About Me

Hi, I am Rahul.

Today I am here on Behalf of “Openstack India User Group” to Introduce you to this amazing technology called Openstack.

Cloud , Cloud , Lots of Cloud

What about the Basics ?

VirtualizationA brief Introduction

What is Virtualization ?

Hence we Understand: Virtualization is a very broad concept, which is certainly applicable to so many aspects of computing.

The earliest uses of virtualization include the Compatible Time Sharing System (CTSS) developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on the IBM 704 in 1968

Where do I see Virtualization ?

Why Virtualize ?

As a Student/Developer

• There is a new version of this new OS, I want to try it out.

• Specific application/Libraries available for a specific OS.

• Using Snapshots to revert back to stable states

• Excellent to test risky/buggy stuff. • Because I find it cool to virtualize

stuff ! :P .

• Blah blah blah…. (many Justified and unjustified reasons)

As a Enterprise !

Effieciency

Flexibility

Virtualization ==

The need ?

So how was it like before ? What was the problem and why was

there a need for virtualization ?

Traditional Datacenters

Other Problems ?

Manageability ? Reliability ? Portability ?

Virtualized Datacenters

An Estimate of Data-Center Expenditures

At an Average around 70% of Operational Costs of a Datacenter attributes to Power and Cooling

+ve Imapct(Virtualization):

Optimum Utilization of Resources Cost of Power and Space. Ease of manageability. Easier Backups. Faster Deployments. Easy to relocate. A whole lot flexibility. + countless benefits.

Hardware Virtualization

Hypervisors

A hypervisor or virtual machine manager (VMM) is a piece of computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines.

The hypervisor presents the guest operating systems with a virtual operating platform and manages the execution of the guest operating systems

Hypervisor Types

Hardware Virtualization

Mapping of Resources in from the Hypervisor to the host resources.

Paravirtualization

Network Virtualization

Abstraction of the Hardware Interfaces by providing the multiple virtual interfaces and mapping it to single Interface.

Similarly the concept to soft-switches. Ex OpenvSwitch.

A Virtual-Switch

Cloud

X – aaS (as a Service)

Where X=▪ Infrastructure▪ Network▪ Identity▪ Storage▪ Software▪ Platform▪ Firewall▪ Load-Balancer▪ Email, etc,etc,…So, X is a variable, which an infinite List.

IaaS,PaaS,SaaS…

Pondering over X-aaS ??

Anything as a service is a model of cloud based delivery. Where the person is abstracted from the underlying layer and has a hypothetical unlimited supply of the service being provided.

What is Cloud ?

Cloud computing is the use of computing resources (hardware and software) that are delivered as a ON-DEMAND service over a network (typically the Internet). The name comes from the use of a cloud-shaped symbol as an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it contains in system diagrams

Breaking it Down

It is an on–Demand Service. User doesn’t know (he’s abstracted

from where the service resides) User doesn’t maintain. User Pays for as much as he uses. ! User has hypothetical inifite “value”

of the service he is using.

To make it even more simpler.

A very similar example in other domain which you could compare to could be electricity department.

After You build your house, You can generate your own electricity depending on your usage and buying/setting up a Generator that could sustain your needs.

Alternately , You could avoid it and the maintenance and the running cost, and all the other hassles associated with it by taking “electricity-as-a-service” from any vendor. Pay him for the amount that you use.

Advantages ?

Brings down initial Investment by loads.

No bothering of maintenance, support and upgrades.

Characteristics

Scalability : Hypothetically… infinitely elastic. Agile – In deployment Application programming interface (API) :

based Interaction. Cost : setup and operational expenses very

low. Location Independence : Provides ease of

use Fault-tolerence : as the infrastructure can be

geographically scattered. Better for disaster recovery.

Characteristics

Multitenancy : having multiple customers (centralization) , still making sure they have their own address space and privacy.

Security  : Security is a major concern when you have multi-tenancy.

Metering and Billing : It is needed according to the - Pay for what you use – UseCase.

Types Of Cloud

Public : Ex HP Cloud, Amazon , Rackspace

Private : VcloudDirector, Rackspace, etc.

Hybrid : ??? (when and where do we need it)

Cloud Bursting

Ability of a cloud to provision (create VMs) into the other compatible Clouds

This is where cloud-interoperability comes into picture

Anatomy of a Cloud.

The Base Level Node : Single “Host” server in a big cloud.

Anatomy of a Cloud.

Basic Building blocks of a Cloud

The above example refers to Openstack Components : Other clouds too would have similar building blocks and interactions.

Credits

Wikipedia : for definitions IBM Developerworks : For diagrams.