what is music ? an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal...
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Intro to Music History
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Intro to Music History
Click through this PowerPoint to learn about the periods of music history.
Complete the worksheet as you go and turn in when finished.
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What is Music ? an artistic form of auditory communication
incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner.
IN PLAIN WORDS….the sounds produced by singers or musical instruments.
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Origins of Music History
There are six periods of music Each music period has a particular style of
music that has greatly contributed to what music is today
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1• Medieval/Middle Ages (500-1400)
2• Renaissance (1400-1600)
3• Baroque (1600-1750)
4• Classical (1750-1825)
5• Romantic (1825-1910)
6• 20th Century (1910-2000)
Music History Timeline
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Medieval Ages Music Timeline (500-1400)
Pic Credit - Replica of the helmet found at Sutton Hoo, in the burial of an Anglo-Saxon leader, probably a king, about 620 in the Early Middle Ages[1]
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Medieval Music Advancements Musical notation began Birth of polyphony
Early music notation
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Monophonic and Polyphonic
Music of this time is categorized into monophonic and polyphonic styles
Monophonic means one note at a time
Polyphonic means two or more different notes at the same time.
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Plainchant (or Gregorian Chant)
What is it? Definition: a form of medieval church
music that involves chanting It was the only type of music allowed in
Christian churches early on It was believed that music should make
a listener receptive to spiritual thoughts and reflections
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The Introit, scripted in “neumes” in the 14th—15th century
Plainchant Music
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Gregorian Chant
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As singers continued experimenting with melodies, polyphony became more elaborate and complex
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Major instrument of the time: The Lute
is shaped like a pear a short neck, a sound hole carved with a rose pattern
strings that varied in numbers early lute is the peg box which was angled back
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RenaissanceMusic Timeline (1400-1600)
Renaissance or "rebirth," a period of significant changes in history, including music
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Humanism in Music A new philosophy called “humanism” developed in
Italy
It emphasized that life should be viewed as a preparation for death
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Dutch composers and musicians were arranged to teach and perform in Italian courts
The invention of printing helped spread these new ideas
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Instrumental Music By the second half of the 1500s instrumental
music began to take shape
The lute was widely used at that time
Eventually mixed instruments were used
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Mixed instruments are played
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Renaissance Musical Instruments
The Shawm
The Dulcian
The Trumpet
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The Shawm
Has a conical bore
It has 7 to 8 finger holes
At the end of the bore is a large bell
Was mostly used in outdoor ceremonial events
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Dulcian
The dulcian is a predecessor of the shawm
A precursor of the bassoon
Dulcians are easier to transport than the
shawm due to its smaller size
Dulcians produce sound that is less piercing
than the shawm
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Trumpet
The most commonly used is the B flat trumpet There is also the C, D, and E-flat and piccolo trumpet
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Baroque Music Timeline (1600-1750)
“Baroque" comes from the Italian word "barocco" which means bizarre (very strange)
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Baroque Advancements: A time when composers experimented with form,
styles and instruments.
The development of opera and instrumental music
The violin was also considered an important musical instrument during this time
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Venice and the Opera In 1573, a group of musicians and intellectuals came together to
discuss various subjects This group of individuals are known as the “Florentine Camerata”,
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The composer Claudio Monteverdi was an important
contributor, specifically his opera ”Orfeo”; the first opera to
gain public welcome
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Classical Music Timeline (1750-1825)
It is characterized by simpler melodies such as the sonatas.
The primary instrument is piano
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Major Composers of the Period Franz Joseph Haydn
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Ludwig van Beethoven
Giuseppe Verdi
Antonio Vivaldi
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Piano Bartolomeo Cristofori created
around 1709 in Florence.
Changes in his early invention
became the basic of the modern
piano.
Very popular in the mid-18th century
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Romantic Music Timeline (1825-1910)
Characterized by using music to tell a story or express an idea
the use of various instruments including wind instruments
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What is Romanticism? A concept that included different art forms
from music to painting to literature.
During the 19th century, Vienna and Paris were the centers of musical activity
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The Flute
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The Saxophone
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The Tuba
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20th Century
Music Timeline (1910-2000)
brought about many innovations on how music was performed and appreciated
used technology to enhance compositions
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20th Century Music is defined by the sudden emergence of
advanced technology no longer limited to concerts, opera-houses,
clubs, and domestic music-making
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Rock and roll
Often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll
Evolved in the United States during the late
1940s and early 1950s
Combination of African American blues,
country, jazz and gospel music.
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Either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument Generally replaced by guitar in the middle to late 1950s Now more commonly called simply "rock music" or "rock".
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Hip Hop Music
also called rap music
consisting of a stylized rhythmic music
commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic
and rhyming speech that is chanted
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References
Music Education : http://musiced.about.com/
Medieval : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_music
Renaissance : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_music
Baroque : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_music
Classical : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_period_(music)
Romantic : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantic_music
20th Century : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th-century_classical_music