what creates an ecosystem? energy and nutrient flows create ecosystems. there are four main factors...
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WHAT CREATES AN ECOSYSTEM?
•Energy and nutrient flows create ecosystems.
• There are four main factors that determine the nature of biomes/ecosystems and their location.• Climate (temperature, precipitation, light intensity, wind)• Landform (altitude, angle of slope, direction of slope)• Soil• Competition between species
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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ECOSYSTEM?
• A biome is a large (global) ecosystem. It contains many smaller ecosystems that are influenced by local conditions.• There are a number of different classifications of
biomes. Some say there are eight, others as many as 16. In each, there are many smaller ecosystems.
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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIOMES?
• Tropical Rainforest • Tundra• Taiga• Temperate forest• Temperate grassland• Savanna: tropical grassland• Mediterranean• Desert
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TROPICAL RAINFOREST
• Almost all rain forests lie near the equator
• The temperature in a rain forest rarely gets higher than 34°C or drops below 20 °C
• More than half of all the world's plant and animal species live in tropical rain forests
• Tropical rainforests produce 40% of Earth's oxygen.
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MAP OF TROPICAL RAINFORESTS
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TUNDRA:
• Long cold winters• Short cool
summers• Low precipitation• Limited tree growth• Permafrost
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TUNDRA
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TAIGA
• Taiga: Russian for forest
• Cold winters, short summers.
• In Canada, called boreal forest
• In the southern Taiga regions, predominantly coniferous trees (softwoods, cone bearing)
• 29% of world’s forests
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TAIGA
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TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST:
• Deciduous or broad leafed trees (hardwoods)• Cool winters, warm
summers • Moderate
precipitation• Region often
settled and cleared for agriculture
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TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS
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TEMPERATE GRASSLAND
• Warm summer• Cool to cold winter• Fertile soils• Largely grasses• Known as prairies in
North America, steppe in Russia, pampas in Argentina, veld in South Africa
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SAVANNA: TROPICAL GRASSLANDS
• Generally warm climate• Not enough rain to
support forest but some trees (not thick)• Found between
rainforest and desert• Often distinct wet
and dry seasons
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TEMPARATE AND TROPICAL GRASSLANDS
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MEDITERRANEAN
• Hot dry summers• Cool wet winters• Mixture of trees
and shrubs
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MEDITERRANEAN
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DESERT
• 1/5 of the earth• Hot and dry, cold
and dry (the tundra is actually a type of desert)• Under 200 mm per
year (we get about 1300 mm per year in Nova Scotia)
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DESERT