what causes weather?. we should have discovered that land and water do not heat up at the same rate....
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: What Causes Weather?. We should have discovered that land and water do not heat up at the same rate. If things went correctly, we should know that land](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f3b5503460f94c59bd0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What Causes Weather?
![Page 2: What Causes Weather?. We should have discovered that land and water do not heat up at the same rate. If things went correctly, we should know that land](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f3b5503460f94c59bd0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
We should have discovered that land and water do not heat up at
the same rate. If things went correctly, we should know that
land heats up & cools down faster than water. Therefore, the
sun will heat up land quicker than oceans.
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That means that the hot air over land rises and cool air from over the ocean will blow in to take its
place.
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This uneven heating of the Earth causes hot air to rise and cold air to sink, leading to movement of
air in the atmosphere.
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atmosphere
• A blanket of air surrounding the Earth
• made up of gases, water, dust, & other small particles
• It is divided into layers, based on temperature
• troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
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Troposphere
• Bottom layer of the atmosphere
• most of Earth’s weather occurs here
• 8 miles thick (13 km)• Supersonic aircraft fly
in this layer
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Stratosphere
• 2nd layer of the atmosphere
• contains the ozone layer
• some aircraft fly in this layer
• 21 miles (50 km)
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Mesosphere
• Third layer of the atmosphere
• coldest layer• this is the layer where
meteors burn up• 50 miles (80 km)
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Thermosphere
• The top layer of the atmosphere
• very high temperatures• gradually merges into
space• 196 miles (320 km)
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Air pressure
• Gravity pulls on air
• lower in the atmosphere means greater air pressure
• cold air is heavier than warm air
• when cold air sinks it forces up warm air
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Wind
• Movement of air• air is constantly
moving • 3 reasons• gravity, temperature,
Earth’s rotation• moves from high to
low or cold to warm
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Local Wind
• A wind that results from a local difference in temperature
• wind blowing in from the sea over a beach during the day
• wind blowing from land to water at night
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Prevailing winds
• Global winds• always blow in the
same direction• caused by uneven
heating of the Earth’s surface and rotation
• creates many circles of air
• moves in curved paths
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????????
• What two factors cause prevailing winds?
• In what layer of the atmosphere does most weather occur?
• In what layer is the ozone layer?
• What drives all weather on the Earth?
• Why is the climate warmer near the equator?