Chicken or the Egg?

By: Felipe De la Garza MadrigalPersonal ProjectJune 5th 2013

What came first

Charles Darwin

• UK (1809-1882)• First to have a justifiable

theory of evolution• On the origin of species

(1859)

Beagle Expedition

• 3o’s• Found inspiration and

foundations for his theory• Galapagos Islands • Recommended for

expedition throughout the South American Coast

• Took 5 years

Natural Selection

Created – 1938

Published – 1959

1.More offspring are produced than can possibly survive,

2. traits vary among individuals, leading to

different rates of survival and reproduction, and

3. trait differences are heritable.

EvolutionSimple complex

Inferior superior

EvolutionBiased Mutation:

Biased Mutation is mutation that is aimed or focused toward a specific change.

Genetic Drift:

Genetic Drift affects the genetic frequencies.

Genetic frequencies are for example: 90% have black hair, 10% blonde. So genetic Drift is: if all the blond are in a church, and the church catches on fire and burns down. Then it’s now not going to be 90% black hair and 10% blonde; it’s going to be 99% brown hair and 1% blond. They are changes in the genetic frequencies, but Determined by fate; and fate is if one of those genetic frequencies disappears, If a part dies by a catastrophic event.

Genetic Hitchhiking:

Recombination allows alleles on the same strand of DNA to separate. Recombination has low rate.

Genes close together on a chromosome may not always be shuffled away from each.

 

Gene Flow:

When the changes in genetic frequencies is on purpose. For example: The number of Jews in Europe drastically decrease when the move to America during World War II.

Chicken Facts

more than 24 billion in 2003

Humans were 6000,000,000 in 2003

Taxonomy

Taxonomy (Human)

uses Food

Egg

meat

Cock fights

Pets

Breading (for food)

What did the Chicken come fromWhat laid the egg? Not a chicken

My Project

InterviewGerardo Abadía Klinge, Biology professor.

 

The “Q” represents the person asking the question

The “A” represents the person giving the answer

Q – Do you believe in evolution?

A – you cannot ask weather of no t one believes, it sould be wahat you think about. But never the less I think Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection makes sense and is based on fact. That makes no one an atheist or believer.

Q – What can you tell us about Evolution?A – Darwin makes sense. Fox, Oparin, Miller kineosinthetic theories of evolution do not have enough supporting evidence. Q - Tracing the tree of life back to its origins, every form of life in the planet would descend from a single organism? A – No, no, no, no, no.Saying that different forms of life have a common ancestor (true) is very different than saying that percent forms of life are modifications of earlier forms. 

Q – What came first the chicken or the egg?A – egg. no doubt

Q – Wouldn’t the egg come from a chicken?A – The egg is the aminogram of the hen

Q – What is mutation? A – any random damages to the instructions in the DNA 

Q – What is natural selection?A – 1) More offspring are born than what can be supported by the environment2) There are differences among offspring 3) Some of the differences allow offspring to survive Q – Is it the survival of the fittest or of the best adapted?A – Fittest 4) Only those who survive, get to reproduce5) New generations have characteristics of those who survived to reproduce 

Q – What is Biased Mutation?A – Mutation that is aimed or focused toward a specific change. Q – What is Genetic Drift?A – affects the genetic frequencies.Genetic frequencies are for example: 90% have black hair, 10% blonde. So genetic Drift is: if all the blond are in a church, and the church catches on fire and burns down. Then it’s now not going to be 90% black hair and 10% blonde; it’s going to be 99% brown hair and 1% blond. They are changes in the genetic frequencies, but Determined by fate; and fate is if one of those genetic frequencies disappears, If a part dies by a catastrophic event.

Q – What is Genetic Hitchhiking?A – Recombination allows alleles on the same strand of DNA to separate. Recombination has low rate.Genes close together on a chromosome may not always be shuffled away from each.  Q – What is Gene Flow?A – When the changes in genetic frequencies is on purpose. For example: The number of Jews in Europe drastically decrease when the move to America during World War II.  

Q – If one can trace back the branches of the tree, before they split wouldn’t there be a population that doesn’t belong to certain levels of biological taxonomy? In other words, wouldn’t the ancestor of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and wolves (Canis lupus lupus) be simply Canis lupus and secuentialy, wouldn’t that mean that it is a member of no species but instead just a Genus?A – No pero es que they both have the sam ancestor but… 

Q – Ok, so if there is a species that with time is split in 2…A – (interrupting) you HAVE to eliminate that concept that ‘it splits in 2!”

What happens is that there is a common ancestor, and from that common ancestor from which two different life forms form.

Q – Like the branches of a tree?A – yes… but its not that one branch turned into two; the first one doesn’t

disappear, it’s not one that turns into two, there are now three: the two new ones and the original. That is kind of what species and subspecies are.

Ok, so we have one sole species, a canary for example from that species of canary, a new species appears that has a specialized beak to eat seeds. So now there is the original canary and this new species with the modified beak for seeds. Then another appears with a beak modified to eat nectar from flowers. Now we have the original, the one for seeds, and the one for nectar. So these are species that have a common ancestor, but the common ancestor DOES NOT DISSAPEAR it is still one of the life forms.

Q – So it is like saying that millions of years ago hominidae started reproducing, and the far offspring from one branch of descendants changed into a human-like species, while descendants from another branch where practically the same hominid. So now we’re left with the monkeys and the humans, which both have the same ancestor in a familiar sense, like a grandfather?

F – The point is that we (humans) are not a modified chimpanzee; the chimpanzees, and the gorillas, and the bonobos and the human beings we have a common ancestor. That common ancestor got extinct, unfortunately; but that common ancestor could still be a live primate.

Q – Thank you! I think that would be all.F – But erase that idea from your head that species get modified and start changing, no; from one, two or three or fore come out, but the common ancestor doesn’t get modified and turned into a different species.