Background P apua Province is located in the eastern most

part of Indonesia and is comprised of

mountainous regions, with a large part of the

province remote and difficult to access. It borders the

i sland nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, the

Seram Sea, the Banda Sea and Maluku to the West,

the Pacific Ocean to the north and the Arafuru Sea to

the south.

Papua has one of the most alarming food insecurity

and malnutrition rates in Indonesia along with NTT

province. The second national Food Security and

Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA 2009) jointly produced by

the Food Security Council of Indonesia and WFP

showed that based on the Composite Food

Security Index, 16 out of 17 rural districts of Papua

were ranked among the top 100 priority districts in

the country.

Limited access to food for the poor as a result of a

combination of poverty, lack of stable employment,

low and irregular cash income and limited purchasing

power remain a great challenge in Papua. With 31.98

percent of people living below the national poverty

line in 2011, Papua has the second highest poverty

rate in the country, which is much higher than the

national level of 12.49 %.

Stunting prevalence (or chronic under nutrition)

among children under five is 28% (Riskesdas 2010)

while wasting (acute under nutrition) is high,

approximately 13.8% (Riskesdas 2010). Furthermore,

recent government reports showed that 23% of the

population of the city of Jayapura are not able to

satisfy their energy requirement of 2,100 calories per

day.

Website: wfp.org/countries/Indonesia

Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas Indonesia

http://www.foodsecurityatlas.org/idn/country

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Capital Jayapura

Area 319,036.05 km²

Population (2010) -

Based on Population Census 2010

Female : 1,341,714

Male : 1,510,285

Total : 2,851,999

Population Density1 4 /km²

Numbers of Maternal Mortality in 20102 362 per 100,000 live

birth

Numbers of Neonatal Mortality in 20102 41 per 1,000

Numbers of Infant Mortality in 20102 36 per 1,000

Underweight Among Children Under Five

(MoH, 2010)2

16.2%

Stunting (chronic under-nutrition) Among

Children Under Five (MoH, 2010)2

28.3%

Wasting (Acute Malnutrition) Among Under

Five (MoH, 2010)

13.8%

Papua Human Development Index Indicator, 2010

Life Expectancy Rate (Year) 68.351

Literacy Rate (%) 64.02 (BPS 2012)

Human Development Index (2010) 65.20

1Papua in Numbers 2011; 2Basic Health Research, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia 2010

www.bankdata.depkes.go.id

WFP Indonesia Papua Profile

January 2013

January 2013

Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) of Papua

Food Security is a situation where all

people have sufficient access t o

hea l thy and nu t r i t i ous food at

all times in appropriate quantities.

The national and provincial Food Se-

curity and Vulnerability Atlases

(FSVAs), which were developed

through WFP’ assistance, investigates

three pillars of food security: 1) food

availability, expressed as the physical

presence of food; 2) food access, in-

dicating households’ ability to acquire

adequate amounts of food; and 3)

food utilization, defined as house-

holds’ use of food, including feeding

and hygiene practices and whether

individuals’ health status allows

for absorption of sufficient nutrients.

The prevalence of u n d e r - nutrition

among children under the age of five

in Papua province, including 28 percent stunting and 16 percent under-weight, can be seen as indicator of high micronutrient deficiencies and poor nutrition status during the first 1,000 days of life.

The first 1,000 days in the life of a child, from the womb through the first two years of life are a critical

window of opportunity to ensure the optimum development of a child. The impact of poor nutrition during

this period is lasting and irreversible, with effects reaching beyond health to affect cognitive development,

educational achievement and economic opportunities.

Food availability

In general, the majority of Papua province is not

food self-sufficient in cereal production, and food

availability at the provincial level is not adequate.

Out of 19 districts, 14 districts were cereal deficient.

Food access

Limited access to food for the poor as a result of a

combination of poverty, lack of stable employment,

low and irregular cash income and limited purchas-

ing power remain a great challenge. Between 2005

and 2009, the poverty rate has increased in 7 dis-

tricts. In 2009, more than 1 million people (41.42%)

lived below the provincial poverty line.

Food Utilization and the Nutritional Situation

According to the Basic Health Research conducted by

the Ministry of Health in 2010 (RISKESDAS 2010),

the provincial prevalence of stunting (chronic under-

nutrition) was 28.3%, and wasting level was 13.8%

ranked as medium and high level respectively.

Literacy

Papua has a high female illiteracy rate of 63.85%.

The highest illiteracy rates were in Yahukimo

(85.64%), Tolikara (79.67%), Jayawijaya (70.17%),

Paniai (61.69%) and Asmat (52.46%).

Key Findings

January 2013

Moving Forward ~ Indonesia New Country Programme 2012—2015

Papua province has been identified as one of the most vulnerable in Indonesia in term of food security, with

high poverty rates, high female illiteracy and difficult access. Following the new strategy from food aid to

food assistance, WFP has been focusing on capacity building and prototyping innovative models.

Given the highlight to food and nutrition insecurity, WFP established a small presence in Papua in August

2010.

Since 2011, WFP is building on capacity development activities in Papua, namely on the provincial food se-

curity atlas preparation which will further identify the food insecure areas for the local governments to bet-

ter design, target and prioritize their food security programmes. In parallel, WFP is assisting the provincial

government to disseminate and monitor the Food and Nutrition Security Action Plan and to advocate for

replication at district level.

In relation to disaster management and preparedness, WFP is working closely with the government body

responsible for disaster response, providing technical support and trainings in WFP areas of expertise:

logistics management, humanitarian response and information management.

WFP and the Government of Indonesia

have signed a 2012-2015 partnership

agreement to ensure support for na-

tional efforts to achieve food security

for all in Indonesia. The vision of

WFP's Indonesia Country Strategy is

to partner with the Government of In-

donesia as a catalyst in achieving food

security, while laying the foundation

for Indonesia to become a global

champion against hunger.

WFP Country Programme will have a

twin-track approach, responding to

immediate food and nutrition needs

amongst the most vulnerable commu-

nities, while investing in capacity de-

velopment that fosters local ownership

and sustainability.

The three strategic priorities over the

period of 2012-2015 are to:

1. Address food insecurity through

enhance monitoring, analysis and

mapping capacity

2. Prepare for and respond to

disasters and shocks; and

3. Reduce under nutrition to below

critical levels.

Strengthening Food Security: Evidence based Prototyping and Capacity Development

January 2013

Since June 2012, WFP has initiated an innovative

prototype, where WFP is acting as an advisor, pro-

moter and catalyst to implement local school meals

using local food. The principal beneficiaries of this

prototype, as for a traditional school feeding pro-

gram, are the students enrolled in the selected

schools. School feeding is a proven intervention

that helps to improve primary school enrolment

and attendance while mitigating hunger and nutri-

tional deficiencies among school children.

In addition to the students, the prototype is antici-

pated to have a broader impact on the population

of the surrounding villages by using the school as

an entry point for various activities.

Beside the provision of nutritious and balanced meals

for the children, the pilot is expected to increase the

knowledge and empower the local communities and

producers through their direct involvement and

through the provision of training. Thus the school

feeding prototype is expected to impact rural

development, livelihood and health and nutritional

status beyond school age children and into their local

communities.

Local School Meals

In October 2012, WFP and the Municipal Government of Kota Jayapura signed an agreement to pilot a local

school meals programme in Muara Tami, in eastern Papua province. WFP with a contribution from the

Government of Japan, will cover 10 schools in seven villages of Muara Tami sub-district until June 2013,

where nearly 1,700 students will receive a nutritious hot snack (Bubur Tami and Bubur Bum) three times a

week, made from local foods such as cassava, sweet potato and pumpkin. In the process, 31 Government

staffs and 110 parents are receiving training on nutrition, food safety, health and hygiene.

Sandra Modouw, a 39 years old mother of four and school meals

chef for Skow Sae elementary school in Muara Tami District. She

gladly volunteer herself in the school meals programme as it provides fresh nutritious meals for every child including hers in the school. “Nutritious meals are a start for their brighter future” said Sandra. Photo: WFP/ Severine GIROUD

Students in Skow Sae Elementary School Muara Tami District are collecting the school meals, fresh from the school’s kitchen. They are receiving nutritious hot snack (Bubur Tami and Bubur Bum) three times a week. Photo: WFP/ Severine GIROUD