western europe: middle ages & christian europe constructing a hybrid civilization -in place of...
TRANSCRIPT
Western Europe: Middle Ages & Christian Europe
Constructing a Hybrid Civilization
-in place of Stearns, Chapter 10-
• Western Europe on margins of world history for most of postclassical period
• Early Middle Ages = 500-1000
• High Middle Ages = 1000-1300
• Roman collapse brought great change– Combination of Roman heritage &
Germanic culture
• Clovis– First attempt at order
• Viking menace
Early Middle Ages, 500-1000Early Middle Ages, 500-1000
Political Life, 500-1000
Political Life, 500-1000
• Charlemagne– Most famous Carolingian– Greater central control, but exception
to most of period
• Feudalism– Established order through
decentralized hierarchy of obligations
Economic & Social Life, 500-1000
• Manorialism– Relationship b/t serf & lord
– Life of the serf
• Women w/ considerable freedoms
Culture - Catholicism, 500-1000
• Political influence through hierarchy – Pope– Bishops
• Political influence through faith– Pressure rulers
• Role of monasteries
• Assimilation of Vikings
• Agricultural improvements– Moldboard plow– Horseshoes & collar– Three-field system
• Cultural exchange– Crusades
Transitions, 900-1100Transitions, 900-1100
• Catholicism– Crusades– Scholasticism
• Treatment of Jews• Art– Gothic– Vernacular languages
High Middle Ages, 1000-1300High Middle Ages, 1000-1300
Culture, 1000-1300
Politics, 1000-1300
• Growth of central monarch power– England• Norman conquest• Magna Carta
– France & Capetians
– Holy Roman Empire• Least successful
Economics, 1000-1300 – cont.
• Economic growth led to:
– Guilds
– City charters
– Weakening of 3-estates & rise of merchants