West Hawaii Solar and Energy Efficiency

Ron Swenson

March 17, 2009

www.solarQuest.com

---------------- Peak Oil

The Hubbert Peak

white

US Energy Flow

US Carbon Emissions

Swenson’s Law

US Energy by Source

---------------- Global Warming

We’re in the eye of the storm!

CO2 ppm

Mauna Loa

WEO Scenarios

Coal in our futureRahall Statement on Chairmanship and Committee Agenda for the 111th CongressPublished on Nov 24, 2008 - 7:19:54 AMBy: Congressman Nick Rahall

Nov. 21, 2008 - This week, the House Democratic Caucus re-elected Rep. Nick J. Rahall (D-WV) to serve as Chairman of the House Committee on Natural Resources for the 111th Congress. Rahall released the following statement on his goals for the 111th Congress along with a copy of a new agenda entitled "America the Beautiful - Our People, Our Natural Resources - Fulfilling Stewardship and Trust Responsibilities", intended to guide the work of the Committee over the next two years.

Remarks of U.S. Rep. Nick J. Rahall, II on being named Chairman, Committee on Natural Resources, November 20, 2008

We can, and we will, enhance America's energy security by drilling for oil and natural gas on federal lands and waters. But we must demand that this be done in an environmentally and fiscally responsible manner. The hemorrhaging of money owed to the American people by the oil industry for the privilege of drilling on these lands and in these waters must stop. Working with the new Administration, I look forward to tackling the gross mismanagement and malfeasance which today permeates through the federal oil and gas royalty system.

Planning for the Effects of Climate Change on Land and Water Resources

Climate change is altering our natural landscape and affecting our water, land, and biological resources. For example, changing precipitation patterns related to climate change affect the ability of our water delivery infrastructure to capture and provide water in traditional ways. Further, both aquatic and terrestrial species that rely on water for survival are adversely impacted by critically dry times. The distribution of these species and their habitats is projected to shift in response to changes in ecological processes. At the same time, coastal and marine habitats and species will be impacted by sea level rise and increased ocean acidification. It is critical that we better understand how climate change will affect the hydrologic cycle as well as our water, land, and biological resources and ensure that federal agencies and states are preparing to address how

climate change affects their programs and management decisions. The Committee will continue its efforts to bring together scientists and the managers of our water, land, and biological resources to discuss the federal role in identifying the effects of climate change and to promote problem-solving strategies to sustain our natural resources and the ecosystems upon which they depend.

A Meaningful Commitment to Combating Catastrophic Wildfires

Emergency responses to huge, dangerous wildfires now consume nearly half the annual budget of the Forest Service, leaving ever-shrinking resources for investment in the health of our forests and forest communities. The Congress and the new Administration must work cooperatively to create a dedicated funding source for combating wildfires so that funds appropriated annually for other aspects of the Forest Service's mission can be used for those vital programs. Our national forests provide critical habitat for fish and wildlife, unparalleled opportunities for outdoor education and recreation and safeguard the quality of our drinking water. The 111th Congress presents a unique opportunity to fund fire fighting in a new way and, working with our forest communities, to make real progress in improving forest health.

Providing for Carbon Capture and Sequestration

Coal plays a major role in meeting U.S. energy needs and is likely to continue to do so in coming decades. Today, 50% of the electricity in the United States is generated from coal. At current consumption rates and with current technology and land-use restrictions, U.S. coal reserves are projected to last well over 250 years. And, with improved technologies, estimated recoverable coal reserves, at current consumption rates, are estimated to be sufficient for 500 years or longer.

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is the key enabling technology to ensuring that the United States continues to take advantage of our vast domestic resources of coal without contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. CCS entails injecting carbon dioxide underground in ultra-deep geological reservoirs. The U.S. has the geological capacity to store carbon emissions in depleted oil and gas reservoirs for several decades. Capacity in other geological reservoirs is estimated to be in the hundreds of billions of tons, enough to store current levels of domestic emissions for over 300 years. The technology is still under development, but many experts are optimistic about its advancement. The Committee is committed to advancing carbon sequestration on public lands and ensuring that this technology is safely developed and disseminated.

Website: www.rahall.house.govhttp://yubanet.com/usa/Rahall-Statement-on-Chairmanship-and-Committee-Agenda-for-the-111th-Congress.php

Detroit Dead

Deep-Rural Energy Development to 2030Deep-Rural Energy Development to 2030

INDUSTRY35%

TRANSPORTATION27%

RESIDENTIAL21%

COMMERCIAL17%

US Energy Consumption

US Energy Consumption

INDUSTRY25%

TRANSPORTATION27%

BUILDINGS48%

US Energy Consumption

kiloWatt-hours/barrel

= ?

• 1 year = 8,760 hours• 5.5 million btu/barrel• 10,000 btu/kWh• 550 kWh/barrel• 550,000Whrs / 8,760 hrs

only 63 watts 1 barrel

---------------- Team

Team Work

• Chief Architect• Chief Engineer• Chief Information Officer• Chief Scientist• Purchasing Agent• Director, EPA

---------------- Galapagos

FEBRUARY: COMPLETION OF ICT INFRASTRUCTUREFEBRUARY: COMPLETION OF ICT INFRASTRUCTURE

• Satellite and terrestrial connected, 802.11b Wireless Local Loop (WWL) to 4 sites on San Cristobal, one site on Santa Cruz

• 3 School computer labs, language learning lab, utility administrative offices, thermal electric power plant, and hospital connected to Internet

• Professional development for Internet-based distance learning technology and training for peer educators

MARCH: REMOTE DATA MONITORING INSTALLED AT 3 SITESMARCH: REMOTE DATA MONITORING INSTALLED AT 3 SITES

GRID DEMAND -- SAN CRISTOBAL

COLEGIO TECNICO IGNACIO HERNANDEZ

JUNE: MICROSOLAR INSTALLATION AND TRAINING JUNE: MICROSOLAR INSTALLATION AND TRAINING Colegio Nacional Galapagos (Santa Cruz) Colegio Nacional Galapagos (Santa Cruz)

• Two computer labs connected, remote energy monitoring equipment installed, training in solar energy and distance education technologies, cultural exchange with Pennsylvania (US) schools .

JULY: DATA-DRIVEN DSM EDUCATION PROGRAM JULY: DATA-DRIVEN DSM EDUCATION PROGRAM Appliance Monitoring Appliance Monitoring

• Micro-computer-based energy demand and consumption meters for household and commercial appliances.

OCTOBER: 120 HOUSEHOLD / COMMERCIAL AUDITSOCTOBER: 120 HOUSEHOLD / COMMERCIAL AUDITSPublic Outreach: Television, Radio, Community Presentations Public Outreach: Television, Radio, Community Presentations

• Refrigerators • Televisions • Water Pumps •• Lighting • Radios • Kitchen Appliances •

• Hot Water Heaters •

NOVEMBER: SERVICE-LEARNING / ENERGY AUDIT OUTCOMESNOVEMBER: SERVICE-LEARNING / ENERGY AUDIT OUTCOMES

Excess Refrigeration Consumption

Residential / Commercial:

• Approximately 6,000 (+/-) refrigerators in the Galapagos;

• Based on student audits, 36% (2,160 units) are consuming energy continuously;

• Energy consumption from refrigerators in poor condition is approximately 4 MWh annually, representing a cost to consumers of nearly (USD) $1 million dollars annually (including government subsidies);

• Installation of high efficiency AC and DC refrigeration systems may achieve substantial reduction of energy consumption and savings to the consumer;

• Payback based on savings may be less than 2 years on a USD $1.5 million demand side management program for refrigeration alone.

--------------- Bioclimatic Design

Typical Building Orientations

South

Orientation to South creates light and warmth in winter with shade in summer.

South-East and South-West elevations overheat in summer and produce inadequate heat in winter.

Remedies for Harsher Façades

South

Orient main axis East-West and minimize East / West elevations. Just say No! to South-East

and South-West orientations.

Unique Requirements for North Elevation

South

• reduced window size • insulating hard-coat low-e glass lets in more north sky light

Unique Requirements for East Elevation

South

• reduced window size • insulating soft coat low-e glass• exterior shades

Unique Requirements for West Elevation

South

• reduced window size • insulating soft coat low-e glass• exterior shades

Unique Requirements for East-West Elevations

South

Unique Requirements for South Elevation

South

• overhang provides shade in summer• insulating hard-coat low-e glass allows high heat gain in winter

Unique Requirements for South Elevation

South

---------------- Meters

Watts Up

Kill-A-Watt modified

ZigBee to Server

---------------- That’s it for now!

Wake Up!!!