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Welfare Measures and its impact on the tea garden labourer:

A study in Tinsukia District of Assam Sangita Mahanta

1

Girimallika Sarma2

Abstract

Assam is the biggest producer of quality tea in India, contributing about 55 per cent to

country’s total tea production and this tea industry is the contribution of Britishers. Tea garden

labours of Assam were picked from different parts of the country especially from Bihar,

Jharkhand, Orissa and West Bengal by the Britishers and they are considered to be historically

disadvantaged and exploited section of the society. But with time, govt of India has passed a

number of legislations for promoting the interest of the disadvantaged group and the tea garden

labourers are also covered by certain laws. Apart from these statutory provisions, it has become

important for the employer to provide some non statutory benefit to keep up the morale of the

labourers since they are the key factor of production. Tinsukia district of Assam is considered as

the hub of tea production with the maximum number of tea-estates.

Key Words: Tea garden labourer, labour welfare, non statutory welfare scheme

Introduction:

Tea plantation occupies an important place in Assam in the categories of agriculture

based industries. In tea is grown both in the Brahmaputra and Barak Valley of Assam. Tea

gardens are mostly found in Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, Sivasagar, Jorhat, Golaghat, Nagaon and

Sonitpur districts of the state. Assam is the biggest producer of quality tea in India, contributing

about 55 per cent to country’s total tea production. It is generally believed that the people of

Bodo tribe brought tea into Assam. But they produced for themselves and hardly took it outside

Assam. As pointed out by Bhuyan (1974) the tea plant was discovered in 1823 by Robert Bruce,

merchant and soldier of fortune, during his visit to Rongpur, where he was imprisoned by the

Burmese. A Singpho chief furnished Bruce with some plants. In 1824 Robert Bruce gave some

plants to his brother C. A. Bruce who handed them over to David Scott. Scott in turn gave a few

specimens to the Botanical Garden, Calcutta. The discovery of tea plant in Assam enabled the

East India Tea estate to develop a trade, which China had hitherto monopolized. Bruce was

appointed superintendent of the government tea forest, who in 1837 sent 46 boxes of Assam tea

to the tea committee. When, in 1824, Dr. N. Wallich of Botanical Garden identified these

specimens it was the beginning of the scientific study of tea in India. Dr. Wallich visited Assam

in 1834 and submitted his report in 1835.

The first Indian to start planting of tea was an Assamese nobleman Maniram Dutta

Barma, popularly known as Maniram Dewan. He was a Dewan of Assam Tea Company until

resigned in 1841 to start his own tea estate. He had two gardens at Jorhat and near Sonari. But

the British hanged him in 1858 for taking part in mutiny in 1857. After Maniram Dewan’s

pioneering efforts, many others, mostly Assamese, came forward to plant tea. Someswar Sharma

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya

became the first Indian superintendent of the tea industry of the Manband Tea Tea estate. After

independence things started changing. The British dominated industry changed hands. Although

the Jalans, Saharias, Ahmeds, Kanois, Darshan Lalls and few others were already there, the

reputed industrialists of India like the Birla, Poddar, Paul, Shetia, Rhuia and Tata amongst other

became the biggest producer of Assam tea. From 1823, the tea industry in Assam valley came a

long way. Today there are about six lakh tea garden workers engaged in 850 tea gardens (North

East Enquirer, 2002).

Tea Garden Labour of Assam

Tea industry, one of the biggest suppliers to the organized workforce, has significant

contribution to the economy of Assam with 17% of the workers of state are engaged in the tea

industry. Among the organized sector of employment, the tea garden labours of Assam are

possibly the most exploited class with the problems like low wages, poor housing, poor socio-

economic condition, illiteracy, over-crowded and unhygienic living conditions in the residential

colonies and lack of avenues for social mobility. The labour lines of tea garden possess

exceptional identity as it cannot be considered as an urban, industrial or rural area. Again they

are mostly contractual employees excluded from statutory benefits.

Labour Welfare Provisions and its need

Welfare, according to Friedlanter, ―Welfare is the organized system of social services and

institutions designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying standard of life and health

and personal and social relationship which permit them to develop their full capacities and to

promote their well-being in harmony with the needs of their families and the community.

Labour welfare refers to such services, facilities and amenities which may be established

in, or in the vicinity of, undertakings to enable persons employed therein to perform their work in

healthy and congenial surroundings and to provide them with amenities conducive to good health

and good morals.

Labour, as a factor of production has certain characteristics that set it apart from others while

land and capital has no mind of their own, labour dose have it. The physical presence of labour

combines with his attitude carves out a special place for labour in the production process. The

attitude of labour toward the worker holds the key for his performance and unless a labour is

enthusiastic, committed and devoted, the fruit of his abilities innate acquired and developed

cannot be repeated. It can be said without any hesitation that all industrialist should realize that

―one can buy a man’s time the physical presence at a particular place , even few muscular

movements, but enthusiasm , initiatives, loyalty and devotion to duty cannot be bought‖. Labour

marks a distinction from other factors of production on two counts.

Labour welfare can be divided into two important types as:

a. Statutory Welfare Schemes: The statutory welfare schemes include the following

provisions i.e. Drinking Water, Facilities for sitting, First aid appliances, Latrines and

Urinals, Canteen facilities, Spittoons, Lighting, Washing places, Changing rooms, Rest

rooms

b. Non-Statutory Welfare Schemes: Non –statutory welfare measures are concerned to

those activities which are undertaken voluntarily by the employers to improve the morale

of the employees, maintain harmony, and improve efficiency of the employees in the

production, to compete with other organizations & to retain the employees. The non

statutory schemes differ from organization to organization and from industry to industry.

Such facilities may be training programmes, transport facilities, scholarship, library etc.

Many non statutory welfare schemes may include the following schemes:

1. Personal Health Care (Regular medical check-ups): Some of the companies

provide the facility for extensive health check-up.

2. Flexi-time: The main objective of the flextime policy is to provide opportunity to

employees to work with flexible working schedules. Flexible work schedules are

initiated by employees and approved by management to meet business

commitments while supporting employee personal life needs.

3. Employee Assistance Programs: Various assistant programs are arranged like

external counseling service so that employees or members of their immediate

family can get counseling on various matters.

4. Harassment Policy: To protect an employee from harassments of any kind,

guidelines are provided for proper action and also for protecting the aggrieved

employee.

5. Maternity & Adoption Leave – Employees can avail maternity or adoption leaves.

Paternity leave policies have also been introduced by various companies.

6. Medi-claim Insurance Scheme: This insurance scheme provides adequate

insurance coverage of employees for expenses related to hospitalization due to

illness, disease or injury or pregnancy.

7. Employee Referral Scheme: In several companies employee referral scheme is

implemented to encourage employees to refer friends and relatives for

employment in the organization.

Non Statutory benefits in Tea Gardens

1. School Bus: Some tea estates provide school buses for the school going children

of staff & workers to attend high schools in the nearby towns.

2. Cowherd for workers & Staff: Many estates provide cowherd to the workers&

staff so that cows reared by them can be looked after during working hours.

3. Tea ration to the workers: Workers & Staff get tea ration free of cost every month

(Fixed Quantity).

4. Liquid Tea: Workers are provided with liquid tea mixed with salt & drinking

water twice a day on the worksite.

5. Welfare Centers: many estates have welfare centers which impart soft skills such

as knitting, stitching to workers children.

6. Mother Club: Many estates maintain mother’s club. The volunteers educate the

workers on health & hygiene.

7. Cultural Programmes: Many estates help financially the workers for indigenous

cultural programs such as ―Karam‖, ―Durgapuja‖ etc.

8. Entertainments: Estates arrange cinema shows to the workers, 1 (one) show per

month during November – March every year. Also provide sports facilities such

as football, volleyball, cricket, carom board, TV etc.

9. Firewood: Every permanent workers family gets 219 cft firewood / year or

equivalent money for cooking.

10. Ration to Children: As per the law subsidized ration (Rice + atta) is not required

to be given to permanent workers children who have crossed 15 years of Age.

However school going children above 15 years are to be given subsidized ration.

Tinsukia, the oldest industrial district of Assam, is situated in upper part of the state surrounded

by Arunachal Pradesh, Demaji and Dibrugarh. According to 2011 census the district has a

population of 1,316,948 and occupies an area of 3,790 square kilometers. The district produces a

sizeable amount of tea, oranges, ginger, other citrus fruits and paddy. It I also loded with natural

gas and oil and it has the oldest oil fild of the country

Here in this present study, an attempt has been made to examine the non statutory provisions

provided to the tea garden labourers of Tinsukia district of Assam. This is an empirical study and

data used here has been collected from the beneficiaries through interview.

Objectives of the Study

To study about the various non statutory welfare measures extended in the Tea estate.

To find out whether the workers have awareness of the existing non-statutory welfare

measures.

To study whether non statutory welfare measures helps to retain the working members in

the industry.

Methodology

Research Design

The type of research design used in this research is descriptive in nature and the required

data is generated using a research instrument called the interview schedule.

The collected data is analyzed using the various statistical tools. And after analyzing the

data the general and specific findings is sought out through interpretation, suggestions and

recommendations which would be formulated from the summary of findings.

Sample Size and Technique

The sample for the present study has been drawn through quota sampling and a total

number of 50 respondents have been selected.

Tools of Data Collection

Primary data is collected from the laborers through interview schedule and secondary

data is collected from different articles, books and websites.

Limitations of Study 1. Most of the respondent were not frank enough to answer certain question

2. The research was conducted with minimum sample of 50.

3. The important constraint of time and cost was definite limiting factor.

Analysis and Interpretation of data

Age of the respondent

Variable Frequency Percent

20-30 3 6.0

30-40 18 36.0

above 40 29 58.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 1

The above chart shows that 6% respondents are age of 20 – 30, 36% are age of 30 – 40 and 58%

are age of above 40.

Pay scale of the respondent


5000 – 7500 14 28.0

7500 – 10000 36 72.0

Above 10000

Total

0

50

0

100.0

Table: 2

The above chart shows that the 28% respondents are in the pay scale of 5,000 – 7,500 and

72% are in 7,500 – 10,000. Since they have minimum of about 5 years experience therefore

majority of the respondents have pay scale of 7,500 - 10000.

Category of the respondent


clerical grade 16 32.0

technical grade 2 4.0

staff member 32 64.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 3

The above chart shows that the 32% respondents are in clerical grade category, 4% are in

technical grade and 64% are staff members.

Awareness about the non statutory facilities


Yes 41 82.0

No 9 18.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 4

The above chart shows that 82% respondents are aware about the non statutory welfare facilities

provided by the Tea estate and 18% people are not aware. Since 82% respondents are aware

about the non-statutory welfare facilities, the welfare measures have impact on the worker’s

efficiency level.

Provision of school Bus.


Yes

No

0

50

0

100

Table: 5.1

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate doesn’t provide school bus.

Some tea estates provide school buses for the school going children of staff & workers to attend

high schools in the nearby towns. But this primary data shows that Rossel Tea Tea estate do not

provide school bus.

Provision of Cowherd



Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.2

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides cowherd. Many

estates provide cowherd to the workers& staff so that cows reared by them can be looked after

during working hours. Through this primary data the researcher has found out that the Rossel

Tea Tea estate provides cowherd for workers and staffs.

Provision of Tea Ration


Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.3

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides tea ration. Workers

& Staff get tea ration free of cost every month (Fixed Quantity). This study shows that the tea

Tea estate provides workers with tea ration.

Provision of Liquid Tea


Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.4

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides liquid tea in work

place. Workers are provided with liquid tea mixed with salt & drinking water twice a day on the

worksite. The primary data reveals that the tea Tea estate provides liquid tea to the workers.

Provision of Welfare Centre



Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.5

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides welfare centres.

Many estates have welfare centers which impart soft skills such as knitting, stitching to workers

children. This data reveals that the Tea estate takes care of soft skills of the workers.

Provision of Mothers club


Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.6

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides mothers club. Many

estates maintain mother’s club. The volunteers educate the workers on health & hygiene. The

above data makes clear that the Tea estate also takes care of education of the workers on health

& hygiene.

Provision of Cultural programmes


Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.7

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides cultural

programmes. Many estates help financially the workers for indigenous cultural programs such as

―Karam‖, ―Durgapuja‖ etc. Hence the above analysis shows that the workers are also financially

helped for indigenous cultural programs.

Provision of Entertainment


Yes

No

50

0

100.0

0

Table: 5.8

The above chart shows that 100% respondents says that Tea estate provides

entertainment. Estates arrange cinema shows to the workers, 1 (one) show per month during

November – March every year. Also provide sports facilities such as football, volleyball, cricket,

carom board, TV etc. This data reveals that the Tea estate provides entertainment through

various sports facilities and cinemas.

Provision of firewood


Yes 49 98.0

No 1 2.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 5.9

The above chart shows that 98% respondents says that Tea estate provides firewood to

the workers and 2% respondents says no. Every permanent workers family gets 219 cft firewood

/ year or equivalent money for cooking. Through this primary data the researcher had found out

that the workers are provided with firewood.

Provision of Ration to children


Yes 49 98.0

No 1 2.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 5.10

The above chart shows that 98% respondents says that Tea estate provides ration to

children and 2% says no. As per the law subsidized ration (Rice + atta) is not required to be

given to permanent workers children who have crossed 15 years of Age. However school going

children above 15 years are to be given subsidized ration. The above table shows that the

worker’s children are provided with subsidized ration.

Provision of leave travel allowance


Yes 44 88.0

No 6 12.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 5.11

The above chart shows that 88% respondents says that Tea estate provides leave travel

allowances and 12% respondents says Tea estate doesn’t provide leave travel allowances. The

clerical grades, medical and the technical grades are provided with leave travel allowance. The

data shows that the Tea estate provides with leave travel allowance.

Provision of Cycle


Yes 5 10.0

No 45 90.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 5.12

The above chart shows that 10% respondents says yes Tea estate provides cycle and 90% says

no. The applicable category for cycle allowance are clerical grades, medical grade and the

technical grade. The eligible employee shall receive cycle allowance of rupees 45 per month.

Therefore, according to this primary data researcher found out that 10% respondents get this

cycle allowance.

If welfare facilities increase the regularity of employment


yes 37 74.0

no 13 26.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 6

The above chart shows that the 74% people says that non statutory welfare facilities provided by

the Tea estate increases the regularity of employee and 26% says non statutory welfare facilities

provided by the Tea estate doesn’t increases the regularity of employee. Since 74% respondents

says that welfare facilities increases the regularity of employee, this shows that welfare facilities

have impact on the employees performance.

If welfare facilities help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment


yes 41 82.0

no 9 18.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 7

The above chart shows that 82% people says that the non statutory welfare facilities provided by

Tea estate help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment and 18% says that the non statutory

welfare facilities provided by Tea estate doesn’t help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment.

Since majority of the respondents says that welfare facilities help industry adjust to Tea estate’s

environment, this shows that this would lead to peace and harmony among the management and

the workers.

If welfare facilities help to improve the discipline of workers


Yes 38 76.0

No 12 24.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 8

The above chart shows that 76% respondents says that non statutory welfare facilities

help to improve the discipline of workers and 24% says it doesn’t help to improve the discipline

of workers. Hence it can be said that welfare facilities need to be provided and the companies are

bound morally and legally to take care of the employees and also take care of own business.

If welfare facilities help to develop unity among the workers


Yes 43 86.0

No 7 14.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 9

The above chart shows that 86% people says that non statutory welfare facilities help to develop

unity among the workers and 14% people says it doesn’t help. Since majority of the respondents

says that welfare facilities help to develop unity among the workers, the Tea estate should take

step towards providing better welfare facilities.

Satisfaction of welfare facilities


Yes 49 98.0

No 1 2.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 10

The above chart shows that 98% people are satisfied with the welfare facilities provided by Tea

estate and 2% people are not satisfied. This primary data shows that the Rossel Tea Tea estate

provides with adequate welfare facilities to its workers.

Welfare facilities help to increase industrial moral.


Yes 42 84.0

No 8 16.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 11

The above chart shows that 84% respondents says that non statutory welfare facilities

provided by Tea estate help to increase industrial moral and 16% respondents says it doesn’t

help. Since majority of the respondents feel that welfare facilities help to increase industrial

moral, it is important to keep in mind and to take care of at least some of their welfare needs.

Welfare facilities improve the status of employees


Yes 40 80.0

No 10 20.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 12

The above chart shows that 80% respondents says that the non-statutory welfare facilities

improve the status of employees and 20% respondents says it doesn’t improve the status of

employees. Facilities like housing schemes, medical benefits, and education and recreation

facilities for workers’ families help in raising their status of life. This makes workers to pay more

attention towards work and thus increases their productivity.

Welfare measures satisfy your needs.


Yes 40 80.0

No 10 20.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 13

The above chart shows that 80% respondents says that non-statutory welfare measures provided

by the Tea estate satisfy theirs need and 20% says it doesn’t satisfy. The very logic behind

providing welfare schemes is to create efficient, healthy, loyal and satisfied labor force for the

organization. The purpose of providing such facilities is to make their work life better and also to

raise their satisfaction level.

Non-statutory welfare measures help in building loyalty


Yes 42 84.0

No 8 16.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 14

The above chart shows that 84% respondents says that non-statutory welfare measures

help to build greater loyalty to the Tea estate and 16% respondents says that non-statutory

welfare measures doesn’t help to build greater loyalty to the Tea estate. Welfare measures help

relieve workers from industrial fatigue and to improve intellectual, cultural and material

conditions of living of the workers and thus it helps to build greater loyalty to the Tea estate.

If welfare measures affect performance


Yes 12 24.0

No 38 76.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 15


affects on performance and 76% respondents says it doesn’t affect on performance. Labor

welfare includes various facilities, services and amenities provided to workers for improving

their health, efficiency, economic betterment and social status.

Non statutory welfare measures promote faster team spirit.


Yes 41 82.0

No 9 18.0

Total 50 100.0

Table: 16

The above chart shows that 82% respondents says yes, non-statutory welfare measures help to

helps faster team spirit and 18% respondents says no. Labor welfare schemes are flexible and

ever-changing. New welfare measures are added to the existing ones from time to time, which

increases team spirit.

Non statutory welfare measures help to create better industrial relations.


Yes 38 76.0

No 12 24.0

Total 50 100.0

Table 17


help to create better industrial relations and 24% respondents says it doesn’t help. Employee

welfare includes monitoring of working conditions, creation of industrial harmony through

infrastructure for health, industrial relations and insurance against disease, accident and

unemployment for the workers and their families.

http://industrialrelations.naukrihub.com/

Findings

The researcher found that 82% respondents are aware about the non statutory welfare

facilities provided by the Tea estate and 18% people are not aware. Since 82% respondents are

aware about the non-statutory welfare facilities, the Tea estate provides with the non statutory

welfare measures have impact on the worker’s efficiency level.

1. All the respondents have the opinion that the Tea estate doesn’t provide school bus

for their children. Some tea estates provide school buses for the school going children

of staff & workers to attend high schools in the nearby towns. But this primary data

shows that Rossel Tea Tea estate do not provide school bus.

2. All the respondents have the opinion that Tea estate provides tea ration. Workers &

Staff get tea ration free of cost every month (Fixed Quantity). This study shows that

the tea Tea estate provides workers with tea ration.

3. All the respondents have the opinion that the Tea estate provides liquid tea in work

place. Workers are provided with liquid tea mixed with salt & drinking water twice a

day on the worksite. The primary data reveals that the tea Tea estate provides liquid

tea to the workers.

4. All the respondents have the opinion that the Tea estate provides welfare centres.

Many estates have welfare centres which impart soft skills such as knitting, stitching

to workers children. This data reveals that the Tea estate takes care of soft skills of

the workers.

5. All the respondents have the opinion that the Tea estate provides mothers club. Many

estates maintain mother’s club. The volunteers educate the workers on health &

hygiene. The above data makes clear that the Tea estate also takes care of education

of the workers on health & hygiene. The data shows that 100% respondents says that

Tea estate provides cultural programmes. Many estates help financially the workers

for indigenous cultural programs such as ―Karam‖, ―Durgapuja‖ etc. Hence the above

analysis shows that the workers are also financially helped for indigenous cultural

programs.

6. All the respondents have the opinion that the Tea estate provides entertainment.

Estates arrange cinema shows to the workers, 1 (one) show per month during

November – March every year. Also provide sports facilities such as football,

volleyball, cricket, carom board, TV etc. This data reveals that the Tea estate provides

entertainment through various sports facilities and cinemas.

7. 98% respondents are of the opinion that the Tea estate provides firewood to the

workers and 2% respondents say no. Every permanent workers family gets 219 cft

firewood / year or equivalent money for cooking. Through this primary data the

researcher had found out that the workers are provided with firewood.

8. 98% respondents are of the opinion that the Tea estate provide ration to children and

2% says no. As per the law subsidized ration (Rice + atta) is not required to be given

to permanent workers children who have crossed 15 years of Age. However school

going children above 15 years are to be given subsidized ration. The above table

shows that the worker’s children are provided with subsidized ration.

9. 88% respondents are of the opinion that the Tea estate provide leave travel

allowances and 12% respondents says Tea estate doesn’t provide leave travel

allowances. The clerical grades, medical and the technical grades are provided with

leave travel allowance. The data shows that the Tea estate provides with leave travel

allowance.

10. 10% respondents are of the opinion that the Tea estate provide cycle and 90%

respondents say no. The applicable categories for cycle allowance are clerical grades,

medical grade and the technical grade. The eligible employee shall receive cycle

allowance of rupees 45 per month. Therefore, according to this primary data

researcher found out that 10% respondents get this cycle allowance.

11. According to 74% respondents the non statutory welfare facilities provided by the

Tea estate increases the regularity of employment. There are 26% respondents having

the opinion that non statutory welfare facilities provided by the Tea estate doesn’t

increase the regularity of employment. Since 74% respondents says that welfare

facilities increases the regularity of employment, this study shows that welfare

facilities have impact on the employees performance.

12. According to82% respondents the non statutory welfare facilities provided by Tea

estate help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment and 18% are of the opinion

that the non statutory welfare facilities provided by Tea estate doesn’t help industry

adjust to Tea estate’s environment. Since majority of the respondents are of the

opinion that welfare facilities help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment, this

study shows that this would lead to peace and harmony among the management and

the workers.

13. According to 76% respondents the non statutory welfare facilities help to improve the

discipline of workers and 24% of the respondents are of the opinion that the non-

statutory welfare facilities doesn’t help to improve the discipline of workers. Hence it

can be said that welfare facilities need to be provided and the companies are bound

morally and legally to take care of the employees and also take care of own business.

14. According to 86% respondents the non statutory welfare facilities help to develop

unity among the workers and 14% respondents are of the opinion that it doesn’t help.

Since majority of the respondents says that welfare facilities help to develop unity

among the workers, the Tea estate should take step towards providing better welfare

facilities.

15. 98% respondents are satisfied with the welfare facilities provided by Tea estate and

2% respondents are not satisfied. This primary data reveals that the Tea estates

provides with adequate welfare facilities to its workers.

Since the respondents are satisfied with the non statutory welfare measures provided by

the Tea estate, the researcher found that it has impact on the employees efficiency and

performance. The non-statutory welfare measures provided by the Tea estate for the non

managerial level employees are highly effective and leads to increase the regularity of

employees, help industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment, improve discipline of workers, help

to develop unity among the workers increase industrial moral, fosters co-operation between

employees and the management, improves the status of employees, help to build greater loyalty

to the Tea estate, motivate to increase productivity, helps faster team spirit, create better

industrial relation. Labor satisfaction regarding non-statutory benefit very high. Since the

respondents are aware of the non-statutory benefits provided by the Tea estate, the Tea estate

actually provides with the mentioned non-statutory benefits. Finally, it can be concluded that the

non-statutory welfare measures have impact upon the working members and does helps in

retaining the employees in the industry.

Suggestions

Since Labor welfare entails all those activities of employer which are directed towards providing

the employees with certain facilities and services in addition to wages or salaries.

The Labor welfare measures should have the following objectives:

1. To provide better life and health to the workers

2. To make the workers happy and satisfied

3. To relieve workers from industrial fatigue and to improve intellectual, cultural and

material conditions of living of the workers.

Conclusion

The research study entitled ―A study on the non statutory welfare measures and its impact

on the employees ―with special reference to Rossel Tea Limited, Assam reveals that the workers

are satisfied with the non statutory welfare measures provided by the Tea estate. The study

reveals that the non-statutory benefits i.e. school bus, cowherd, tea ration, liquid tea, welfare

centre, mothers club, cultural program, entertainment, firewood, ration to children, leave travel

allowance and cycle provided by the Tea estate are effective and have impact upon the

employees. The study also reveals that if the existing benefits are extended there will be

improvement in the efficiency or performance within the employees. The researcher also found

out that the non-statutory welfare benefits help to retain the working members in the particular

tea industry.

The non-statutory welfare measures provided by the Tea estate for the non managerial

level employees are highly effective and leads to increase the regularity of employees, help

industry adjust to Tea estate’s environment, improve discipline of workers, help to develop unity

among the workers increase industrial moral, fosters co-operation between employees and the

management, improves the status of employees, help to build greater loyalty to the Tea estate,

motivate to increase productivity, helps faster team spirit, create better industrial relation. Labor

satisfaction regarding non-statutory benefit very high. Since the respondents are aware of the

non-statutory benefits provided by the Tea estate, the Tea estate actually provides with the

mentioned non-statutory benefits. Finally, it can be concluded that the non-statutory welfare

measures have impact upon the working members and does helps in retaining the employees in

the industry.

The Finding and suggestion given by the researchers will definitely help them to improve

the welfare measure towards their workers. The researcher hopes that this study will draw the

attention of future researchers who may pursue research on the various issues given below:-

a) A study on absenteeism among tea workers in Rossel Tea Tea estate.

b) A Study on job satisfaction of tea workers in estate.

c) A study on stress management.

For undertaking research on the above topics the future researchers can draw inspiration from the

present study.

Bibliography:

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Publishing House, Mumbai.

7. Ulhas Chintamani (1994), Personal Management & Industrial relation, Ameya Prakashan,

Pune.

8. V. P Michael (1995), Human Resource Management & Human Relation, Himalaya

Publishing House, Delhi.

List of Web Sources

1. http://databank.nedfi.com/content/tinsukia-district

2. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=6AINo_vJFM0C&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=definiti

on+of+non+statutory+welfare+measures&source=bl&ots=49owSNYryq&sig=Rtf8ZRxL

tHJw8TM-

4fae8VHL_w8&hl=en&ei=fG_2TMraGY_irAfw9oCqBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=re

sult&resnum=9&ved=0CFEQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=definition%20of%20non%20stat

utory%20welfare%20measures&f=false

3. http://www.scribd.com/doc/28316196/Labour-welfare-at-WCL-project-Report

4. http://www.scribd.com/doc/36656037/HR-project

5. http://www.yourdictionary.com/welfare

6. http://www.citehr.com/162015-labour-welfare.html#axzz178GF7wtz

7. http://ipublishing.co.in/ajmrvol1no1/EIJMRS1002.pdf

8. http://www.citehr.com/162015-labour-welfare.html#axzz17ET70bmL

9. http://www.investorwords.com/1696/employee.html

10. http://punjabrevenue.nic.in/gaz_gdr29.html

11. http://www.teaboard.gov.in/

12. Indialine.com (2008) ―Assam Tea Tourism‖,at

http://www.indialine.com/travel/assam/tea-gardens.html

13. Wikipedia (2008) Tea Tribes, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea-tribes

List of Journals

1. ASIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH, Copyright 2010, ISSN 2229

3795

2. ICMR (2001) Annual Report 1999-2000, Regional Medical Research Centre - NE Region

(Indian Council of Medical research), Dibrugarh, Assam.

3. International Research Journal ISSN-0975-3486 VOL. I * ISSUE—6 RNI:

RAJBIL/2009/30097.

4. Sabaragamuwa University Journal (2007), Vol. 7 no. 1, pp 37-47.

welfare measures and its impact on the tea garden …joner.in/pdf/issue_iv/sangita mahanta...

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