welding inspection in shipbuilding
TRANSCRIPT
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 240
Welding Inspection inShipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 440
Size categories of tankers
Oil TankersType DWT
ULCC 320000+
VLCC 200 - 320000
Suezmax 120 - 200000
Aframax 75 - 120000Panamax 55 - 70000
Products 10 - 50000Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 540
Size categories of tankers
Panamax (55 - 75000 dwt) bull Max size tanker able to transit the Panama Canal
bull L(max) 2743 m
bull B(max) 323 m
bull Typical vessel 60000 dwt L=2286m B=322m T=126m
Aframax (75 ndash 120000 dwt) bull AFRA= Average Freight Rate Assessment
bull Traditionally employed on a wide variety of short andmedium-haul crude oil trades
bull Biggest tanker in US ports is 100000 dwt
bull Typical vessel 100000 dwt L=2530m B=442m T=116m
Source INTERTANKO Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 240
Welding Inspection inShipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 440
Size categories of tankers
Oil TankersType DWT
ULCC 320000+
VLCC 200 - 320000
Suezmax 120 - 200000
Aframax 75 - 120000Panamax 55 - 70000
Products 10 - 50000Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 540
Size categories of tankers
Panamax (55 - 75000 dwt) bull Max size tanker able to transit the Panama Canal
bull L(max) 2743 m
bull B(max) 323 m
bull Typical vessel 60000 dwt L=2286m B=322m T=126m
Aframax (75 ndash 120000 dwt) bull AFRA= Average Freight Rate Assessment
bull Traditionally employed on a wide variety of short andmedium-haul crude oil trades
bull Biggest tanker in US ports is 100000 dwt
bull Typical vessel 100000 dwt L=2530m B=442m T=116m
Source INTERTANKO Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 440
Size categories of tankers
Oil TankersType DWT
ULCC 320000+
VLCC 200 - 320000
Suezmax 120 - 200000
Aframax 75 - 120000Panamax 55 - 70000
Products 10 - 50000Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 540
Size categories of tankers
Panamax (55 - 75000 dwt) bull Max size tanker able to transit the Panama Canal
bull L(max) 2743 m
bull B(max) 323 m
bull Typical vessel 60000 dwt L=2286m B=322m T=126m
Aframax (75 ndash 120000 dwt) bull AFRA= Average Freight Rate Assessment
bull Traditionally employed on a wide variety of short andmedium-haul crude oil trades
bull Biggest tanker in US ports is 100000 dwt
bull Typical vessel 100000 dwt L=2530m B=442m T=116m
Source INTERTANKO Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 440
Size categories of tankers
Oil TankersType DWT
ULCC 320000+
VLCC 200 - 320000
Suezmax 120 - 200000
Aframax 75 - 120000Panamax 55 - 70000
Products 10 - 50000Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 540
Size categories of tankers
Panamax (55 - 75000 dwt) bull Max size tanker able to transit the Panama Canal
bull L(max) 2743 m
bull B(max) 323 m
bull Typical vessel 60000 dwt L=2286m B=322m T=126m
Aframax (75 ndash 120000 dwt) bull AFRA= Average Freight Rate Assessment
bull Traditionally employed on a wide variety of short andmedium-haul crude oil trades
bull Biggest tanker in US ports is 100000 dwt
bull Typical vessel 100000 dwt L=2530m B=442m T=116m
Source INTERTANKO Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 540
Size categories of tankers
Panamax (55 - 75000 dwt) bull Max size tanker able to transit the Panama Canal
bull L(max) 2743 m
bull B(max) 323 m
bull Typical vessel 60000 dwt L=2286m B=322m T=126m
Aframax (75 ndash 120000 dwt) bull AFRA= Average Freight Rate Assessment
bull Traditionally employed on a wide variety of short andmedium-haul crude oil trades
bull Biggest tanker in US ports is 100000 dwt
bull Typical vessel 100000 dwt L=2530m B=442m T=116m
Source INTERTANKO Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 640
Suezmax (120 ndash
200000 dwt) bull Notation is soon to become redundant as the project of deepening the Suez Canal to 189m is completed
bull Typical vessel 150000 dwt L=2740m B=500m T=145m
VLCC (200 ndash 320000 dwt)
bull Were prompted by the rapid growth in global oil consumptionduring the 60rsquos and the 1967 closing of the Suez canal
bull Today the most effective way of transporting large volumes of oil over relatively long distances
bull Typical vessel 280000 dwt L=3350m B=570m T=210m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
Age distribution
Age distribution
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 740
ULCC (320000+ dwt) bull Most ships of this type built in the mid to late 70rsquos
bull Ordered to take advantage of the economies of scale in abuoyant market
bull Less than 40 of these ships remaining
bull Rather inflexible may enter very few ports
bull Typical vessel 410000 dwt L=3770m B=680m T=230m
Size categories of tankers
Source INTERTANKO
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Final amp Revision Drawing Application During Shipbuilding
Owner Side Class Society
Shipyard
Design Team Class Society Approval as per Rules
Ship Drawing
Naval ArchitectDesign Company Class Society Design Team
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull Builder Hull Practice
bull Inspection using International Association of
Class Society Rules
bull Ships Nomenclature
bull Critical Areas of Inspection in Shipbuilding
bull
NDT in Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1140
Class Society bull History
bullIn the second half of the 18th century London merchants shipowners andcaptains often gathered at Edward Lloydsrsquo coffee house to gossip and make deals
including sharing the risks and rewards of individual voyages This became known
as underwriting after the practice of signing ones name to the bottom of a
document pledging to make good a portion of the losses if the ship didnrsquot make it
in return for a portion of the profits It did not take long to realize that the
underwriters needed a way of assessing the quality of the ships that they werebeing asked to insure In 1760 the Register Society was formed mdash the first
classification society and which would subsequently become Lloyds Register mdash to
publish an annual register of ships This publication attempted to classify the
condition of the shiprsquos hull and equipment At that time an attempt was made to
classify the condition of each ship on an annual basis The condition of the hull
was classified A E I O or U according to the state of its construction and itsadjudged continuing soundness (or lack thereof) Equipment was G M or B
simply good middling or bad In time G M and B were replaced by 1 2 and 3
which is the origin of the well-known expression A1 meaning first or highest
class The purpose of this system was not to assess safety fitness for purpose or
seaworthiness of the ship It was to evaluate risk
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1240
Class Society bull The first edition of the Register of Ships was published by Lloyds Register in 1764
and was for use in the years 1764 to 1766
bull Bureau Veritas (BV) was founded in Antwerp in 1828 moving to Paris in 1832
Lloyds Register reconstituted in 1834 to become Lloyds Register of British and
Foreign Shipping Where previously surveys had been undertaken by retired sea
captains from this time surveyors started to be employed and Lloyds Register
formed a General Committee for the running of the Society and for the Rules
regarding ship construction and maintenance which began to be published from
this time
bull In 1834 the Register Society published the first Rules for the survey and
classification of vessels and changed its name to Lloyds Register of Shipping A full
time bureaucracy of surveyors (inspectors) and support people was put in place
Similar developments were taking place in the other major maritime nations
bull Adoption of common rules for ship construction by Norwegian insurance societiesin the late 1850s led to the establishment of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1864
Then after RINA was founded in Genova Italy in 1861 under the name Registro
Italiano to meet the needs of Italian maritime operators Six years later
Germanischer Lloyd (GL) was formed in 1867 and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) in
1899 The Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) was an early offshoot of the
River Register of 1913
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1340
Class Society
bull As the classification profession evolved the practice of assigning different
classifications has been superseded with some exceptions Today a ship either
meets the relevant class societyrsquos rules or it does not As a consequence it is either
in or out of class Classification societies do not issue statements or
certifications that a vessel is fit to sail or unfit to sail merely that the vessel is in
compliance with the required codes This is in part related to legal liability of the
classification society
bull However each of the classification societies has developed a series of notations
that may be granted to a vessel to indicate that it is in compliance with some
additional criteria that may be either specific to that vessel type or that are in
excess of the standard classification requirements
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1440
Class Society Classification Society is a non-governmental organization in the shipping industry
often referred to as Class It establishes and maintains standards for the
construction and classification of ships and offshore structures supervises that
construction is according to these standards and carries out regular surveys of
ships in service to ensure the compliance with these standards
To avoid liability they explicitly take no responsibility for the safety fitness for
purpose or seaworthiness of the ship
ResponsibilitiesClassification societies set technical rules confirm that designs and calculationsmeet these rules survey ships and structures during the process of construction
and commissioning and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continueto meet the rules Classification societies are also responsible for classing oilplatforms other offshore structures and submarines This survey process coversdiesel engines important shipboard pumps and other vital machineryClassification surveyors inspect ships to make sure that the ship its componentsand machinery are built and maintained according to the standards required for
their class
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1540
Class Society bull ABS American Bureau of Shipping
bull ACS Asia Classification Society
bull BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
bull BV Bureau Veritas
bull
CCS China Classification Society bull CR China Corporation Register of Shipping
bull CRS Hrvatski Registar Brodova (Croatian Register of Shipping)
bull DBS Dromon Bureau of Shipping
bull DNV Det Norske Veritas
bull GL Germanischer Lloyd
bull HRS Hellenic Register of Shipping for Greece
bull ICS Iranian Classification Society
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1640
Class Society bull IRS Indian Register of Shipping
bullIROS International Register of Shipping
bull KR Korean Register of Shipping
bull LR Lloyds Register
bull NK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK)
bull PRS Polish Register of Shipping (Polski Rejestr Statkoacutew)
bull RBNA Registro Brasileiro de Navios (Brazilian Register of Shipping)
bull RINA Registro Italiano Navale
bull RINAVE Registro Internacional Naval SA
bull RS Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
bull GBS Guardian Bureau of Shipping
bull SCM Ships Classification (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
bullIACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Sea Trialand
Delivery
Welding
and Hull
Inspection
ElectricalInspection
MachineryInspection
PaintingInspection
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 1940
Basic Welding in Hull
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2040
Function of hull elements
Bottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Webframes
Ship side
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2140
5 Topside tank
1 Side
2 Bottom
3 Deck
4
Transverse bulkhead
Breakdown of hull into structural
elements
7 Hatch coaming amp cover
6 Hopper tank
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2240
Hull Structural
Breakdown 1
2
3
4
5
6
SideBottom
Deck
Transverse bulkhead
Web frames
Longitudinal bulkhead
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2340
Consequenc
e of a crack
in thisdetail
Where is it
likely to find
cracks
How are the
loads taken
up by thestructure
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2440
Structural build up of web
frame
Cross tie
Web frame flange
Web frames
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2540
Function of web frames
- Web frames are supports for the longitudinal stiffeners
- Web frames contributes to the hull girder transverse strength
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2640
Cracks in stringer
May cause contamination of ballast water and
small oil spills
Stringer flange
Stringer webLongitudinal bulkhead
Crack
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2740
Bilge keel cracking
Oil Tanker
285690 DWT built 1990Crack in hull plating iwo bilge keel
terminations
Crack in hull plating in
way of bilge keel toes
Bilge keel
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2840
Consequences of cracks in bottom
longitudinals
-Leakage of oil
- Crack may propagate
further into bottom
plating and induce a
larger transverse fracture
Cracks in web frame cut
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 2940
Cracks in web frame cut
outs
Cracks around openings for
side longitudinals in web
frames
Bulk Carrier
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3040
Bottom slamming fore ship
Bulk Carrier
220 000Dwt
Built 1997
bull Bottom plate set in
bull Bottom longs tripped ( L-profiles)
bull Webframes buckled between longs and access holes
Fore
ship
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3140
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3240
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ASNT
Class Society or IACS
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3340
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
Check Hull Practice and D11
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3440
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
IACS 47 Shipbuilding and RepairQuality Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3540
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding AWS D11Pre-Qualification of WPS
Shipbuilding Hull Practice as perSigned Contract
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3640
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3740
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3840
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 3940
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
ld
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard
832019 Welding Inspection in Shipbuilding
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullwelding-inspection-in-shipbuilding 4040
Welding Inspection in
Shipbuilding
bull IACS 47 Shipbuilding and Repair Quality
Standard