welcome to j.o.t.a badge and patch activity presented by: mark spencer, wa8sme patch ordering info
TRANSCRIPT
WELCOME TOJ.O.T.A
Badge and Patch Activity
Presented by:
Mark Spencer, WA8SME
Patch ordering info
Patch ordering info
Overview
• Junior Girl Scout Amateur Radio Patch– The who, what, how, and fun of Amateur Radio– How radio waves travel– Use of “codes” to expedite communication
• Cadette or Senior Girl Scout Amateur Radio Patch– Journey inside of a radio– Open, closed, and short circuits…a shocking
experience– Call signs…radio names– On-the-air
What is Amateur (Ham) Radio?
FUN
What is Amateur (Ham) Radio(government definition)
• Amateur Radio is a radio communications service for the purpose of self-training, intercommunication and technical investigations carried out by amateurs, that is authorized persons interested in radio technique solely with a personal (non-business) aim.
– FCC Rules Part 97.3
Ham Radio Operators
• Come from all walks of life: young and old, boys and girls; without regard to ability.
• Shared interest in many things including:– Communicating and meeting new people– Talking to new places around the world, around the block, or in
space– Science and technology– Computers– Community service and helping others– Competitions
– Learning new things and applying what you learn
How Do I Become a Ham?
• Takes a few hours to study for a Ham Radio Operator’s exam– Study by yourself, with a group, or both– Books are available that have all the information you need,
INCLUDING THE EXAM QUESTIONS
• The entry level (Technician) exam is 35 questions, multiple choice– Exams are given frequently in this area
• When you pass the exam (and you will), the FCC will issue you your own, unique radio name…your call sign
Local Radio Clubs• Newington Amateur Radio League (NARL)
– The local Ham Radio club that meets once a month– Participates in community activities and events– Holds Ham Radio classes throughout the year
• Connecticut Amateur Radio League of Youth (CARL)– Ham club who's members are primarily young Ham Radio Operators– Participates in community activities and events– Conducts a weekly net (on-the-air gathering for chat)– Have their own club call sign K3KID
• American Radio Relay League (ARRL)– National organization that supports Ham Radio
How Do Radio Waves Travel? Line of Sight
How Do Radio Waves Travel?Repeaters
How Do Radio Waves Travel?Sky Wave
How Do Radio Waves Travel?Via Space
Communication With Codes(Radio Shorthand)
• Morse Code abbreviations
• “Q” Codes
• Phonetic Alphabet
• Signal Reports…”I read you 5 by 5.”
Morse Code abbreviations
“Q” Codes
Phonetic Alphabet
Signal Reports…”I read you 5 by 5.”
Radiogram Message Form
The Journey Inside a Radio• Major Radio Station Components
– Transceiver• Transmitter• Receiver
– Antenna• Antenna feed line
– Input device• Microphone• Telegraph key• Computer• TV camera
Station Block Diagram
Transmitter T/R Switch ReceiverMic or Key
PowerSupply
AntennaAntenna Feed Line
Basic Electricity
• The fundamental principle of electronics1. Moving electrons create a magnetic field
2. Changing magnetic fields cause electrons to move
• Electronics is how we manipulate moving electrons to create the desired effect
The Three Parts of Electricity
• Voltage
• Current
• Resistance
The Three Parts are Related by Ohm’s Laws
• Voltage = E• Current = I• Resistance = R
• Ohms law is the most important relationship (formula) in electronics
Two Types of Electric Current
• Direct Current– Electrons flow in only
one direction– Batteries
• Alternating Current– Electrons flow back
and forth in a conductor
– Electricity from your wall sockets
Electronic Circuits(pathways for electrons)
• Complete (Closed)– Proper circuit to cause
electrons to do something useful
• Short– Direct path that bypasses a
portion of a circuit (usually a bad/dangerous thing)
• Open – A broken circuit with no
completed pathway for electrons (usually a safety condition)
ElectronicSchematics• Roadmaps of the
inside of a radio• Used to build, trouble-
shoot, and repair electronics
R4
R1 R2
C1
R3
C2 C3
C4
Twin-T AudioOscillator
Vcc +
2N3904
.001uF
The Resistor
• The component that impedes or restricts the flow of electrons in a circuit
The Capacitor
• The component that acts like a very small battery. The capacitor temporarily stores energy in an electrostatic field between two metal plates
The Inductor
• The component that stores energy by creating a magnetic field. The inductor is a coil of wire
The Transistor
• Think of the transistor as an electronic valve that we use to control the flow of electrons
The Vacuum Tube
• The predecessor of the transistor. Also a valve used to control the flow of electrons.
• Not very energy efficient, used a lot of energy in heat
• Some tubes still in use today (your computer/TV monitor)
Switches
• Many kinds and types of switches. Opens and closes a circuit to either stop or allow the follow of elections.
• Here a just a few symbols for various switches
Integrated Circuits
• Integrated means to “place together”
• Integrated circuits are collections of electronic components put together to do a particular task
2
3
4
5
13
12
11
10
1 14
7 8
6 9
Ham Radio Call Signs
• WA8SME– W (A, K, N) = United States– 8 = from the 8th call district (MI, OH, W.Va)– SME = The next letters in line when issued
Ham Radio Call Signs
• DA1OY– D = West Germany
• G5EPV– G = England
• HL9AW– HL = South Korea
Ham Radio Call Signs
• VE = Canada• XE = Mexico• U = Russia• BY = China• J = Japan• VK = Australia• ZL = New Zeeland
• I = Italy• F = France• CO = Cuba• PY = Brazil• 4X = Israel• 5V = Togo• 8Z = Saudi Arabia
Operating a Ham Radio Station
• Calling any station “CQ”• Talk like you normally would except…only one
person can talk at a time, that is called half duplex• Non Ham Operators talking on the radio is called
“third party” traffic…some minor restrictions• Give your station call sign each 10 minutes• Contacts will be “logged” (recorded) so that QSL
cards can be issued if requested
Operating a Ham Radio Station
• Don’t be afraid to talk, you won’t break anything!
• Have fun meeting new people…across the street, around the world, or in space:
Ham Radio
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