welcome to almaden 20140904 v12 short

© 2012 IBM Corporation

IBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM Upward)

Welcome to IBM Almaden Research CenterSan Jose, CA (“Silicon Valley/Bay Area”)

Dr. James (“Jim”) C. Spohrer, [email protected] Champion and Director IBM UPward(University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development)Tuesday Aug 5, 2014

Working together to build a Smarter Planet

mailto:[email protected]

© 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)2

IBM Research - Almaden


IBM Vision: A New Era of Computing• Cognitive systems allow us to do more and dream

bigger, boosting both productivity and creativity

Watson Business Unit

• $1B Investment: Far beyond Jeopardy!

Watson Foundations Big Data and Analytics

Cognitive Systems6

Ecosystem ProgramBusiness PartnersDevelopersResearchers

SolutionsCustomer EngagementHealthcareFinanceAccelerated Research

ServicesWatson Discovery AdvisorWatson ExplorerWatson Analytics

Watson Academic Programs

• On ramp…

2014

Readiness

- Cognitive Computing Course an and Competition

- Case Competitions

- Great Mind Challenges

- Other collaborations

Recruiting

Research

- Cognitive Systems Institute

2015 – Scale Globally

•Expand functionality, algorithms, experience•Collaborative Research•Publish papers •Develop courses •Develop applications•Program in Corelets•Establish SIGs

New Era of Computing:Cognitive Technologies & Componentry

8

Natural Language– Reasoning, Logic & Planning– Symbolic Processing– Natural Language Processing– Ranking of Hypotheses– Knowledge Representations– Domain-Specific Ontologies– Information Storage/Retrieval– Machine Learning, Reasoning– Von Neumann Componentry– OpenPOWER Systems

Pattern Recognition– Recognition, Sensing & Acting– Pattern Processing– Image & Speech Processing– Ranking of Hypotheses– Pattern Representations– Domain-Specific Neural Nets– Information Storage/Retrieval– Machine Learning, Perception– Neuromorphic Componentry– SyNAPSE Systems

AI for IA: Intelligence Augmentation

Cognitive Systems(“Cogs”) that boost learning,discovery, engagement, transformation, and long-range planning.

Cognition as a Service

IBM University Programs

IBM UP 2010 Key Directions © 2010 IBM Corporation9

IBM operates in 170 countries around the globe

Acquisitions contribute significantly to IBM’s growth ; 140 acquisitions

since the beginning of 2000

2013 FinancialsRevenue - $99.8B

Net Income - $ 18.0BEPS - $ 16.28

Net Cash - $18.8B (excluding GF receivables)

23% of IBMs revenue in Growth Market countries;

down 2% ( @cc) in 2013

Number 1 in patent generation for 21 consecutive years; 6,809 US patents awarded in 2013

More than 40% of IBMs workforce does

business away from an office

5 Nobel Laureates10 time winner of the President’s National

Medal of Technology & Innovation – latest for LASIK laser refractive surgical techniques

The Smartest Machine On Earth

100 Years of Business & Innovation in 2011

New Era in IBM’s Leadership

IBM Growth Initiatives

IBM has ~430,000

employees worldwide

© 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)

IBM Research Evolution

Hardware

Software

Services

IntegratedSolutions

Collaboration fora Smarter Planet

Re

sea

rch

Ag

en

da


Isolated Research

Joint ProjectsRadical

Collaboration

’50s — ’90s’90s — ’00s

’00s …

IBM Divisions, Clients, Universities

The World is Now Our Lab

Collaboratories Global Labs

Hardware+ Software & Services

+ Smarter Planet

First-of-a-Kind Program

Research Services

Intellectual Property

Evolution of IBM Research

11


IBM Research: 3000 Global Researchers

12

China

WatsonAlmaden

Austin

TokyoHaifaZurich

India

IBM Research Labs 1998 - 2007

IBM Research – Openings in 2011/2012

Ireland

Australia

Brazil

Africa

• DB & Analytics• Storage• Nanotech• Healthcare• SW & Services

• Semiconductors• Processors

• Semiconductors• Systems• SW & Services

• Natural Resources• Smarter Devices• Human Systems / Events

• SmarterCities

• Science• Nanotech

Materials • “Big Data”Analytics

• Security • Services• Mobile Communications

• Software• Internet of

Things • Integrated Solns• Accessibility

• Natural Resources• Disaster Mgmt• Healthcare / Life Sciences

• Public Sector• Smarter Cities• Human Capacity


IBM Research: Globally and Vertically Integrated

China

WatsonAlmaden

Austin

TokyoHaifaZurich

India

Dublin

Melbourne

Brazil

IBM Research labs

Labs added since 2010

Kenya

future systems

nanotechnologies

processors/storage /switching

cloud

cybersecurity

analytics

industry expertise

13


IBM Research: Industry Expertise

IBM Research labs

Labs added since 2010

banking / insurance

healthcare meteorology

energy

oil and gastransportation & public sector

retail

telecomm

14


Inspired by the function, power, and volume of the organic brain, IBM is developing TrueNorth, a novel modular, scalable, non-von Neumann, ultra-low power, cognitive computing architecture. TrueNorth consists of a scalable network of neurosynaptic cores, with each core containing neurons, dendrites, synapses, and axons. To set sail for TrueNorth, IBM developed Compass, a multi-threaded, massively parallel functional simulator and a parallel compiler that maps a network of long-distance pathways in the macaque monkey brain to TrueNorth. IBM and LBNL demonstrated near-perfect weak scaling on a 16 rack IBM Blue Gene/Q (262,144 processor cores, 256 TB memory), achieving an unprecedented scale of 256 million neurosynaptic cores containing 65 billion neurons and 16 trillion synapses running only 388× slower than real time with an average spiking rate of 8.1 Hz. By using emerging PGAS communication primitives, IBM also demonstrated 2× better real-time performance over MPI primitives on a 4 rack Blue Gene/P (16384 processor cores, 16 TB memory). Here is PDF of final paper. NEW NEWS: Since submitting the camera ready copy, using 96 Blue Gene/Q racks of the Lawrence Livermore National Lab Sequoia supercomputer (1,572,864 processor cores, 1.5 PB memory, 98,304 MPI processes, and 6,291,456 threads), IBM and LBNL achieved an unprecedented scale of 2.084 billion neurosynaptic cores containing 53x1010 neurons and 1.37x1014 synapses running only 1542× slower than real time. Here is PDF of IBM Research Report, RJ 10502.

1014 on November 14, 2012

http://www.modha.org/blog/SC12/SC2012_Compass.pdf

https://www.llnl.gov/

https://asc.llnl.gov/publications/Sequoia2012.pdf

http://www.modha.org/blog/SC12/RJ10502.pdf

© IBM CorporationIBM - Deutsche Bank Innovation Workshop, Hawthorne, May 2012 © 2012 IBM Corporation

Exploratory Research

2012 Technical Strategy 2012 Technical Strategy – Grand Challenges– Grand Challenges

Medical Sieve DNA Transistor Cognitive Computing The “Next Switch” for Digital Electronics Fault Tolerant Quantum Computation Energy Storage: Lithium - Air Battery 3D Molecular Structure Microscope Room Temperature Superconductor Scalable Genome-wide Association Modeling the Enterprise

IBM University Programs 6 R’s• Research (Collaborate)• Readiness (Skills)• Recruiting (Jobs)• Revenue (Solutions)• Responsibility (Volunteers)• Regions (Smarter Cities, Startups & Workforce)

04/08/23 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 17

WORKFORCE

PRODUCTS

SUPPLY CHAIN

COMMUNICATIONS

TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS

IBM University Programs Global Team updated

04/08/23 © IBM 2014 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 18

Region Contact Name

Africa Sean Mclean

Australia TBD

ASEAN Seow Khun Lum

Canada Stephen Peregut

China Jean Li

Egypt Hisham El-Shishiney

EMEA Diem Ho

GCG Wang Hao

India Mezjan J Dallas

Japan Rieko Kataoka

Mexico Angela Alvarado

Middle East Andrea Emiliiani

Nordics Jyrki Koskinen

Russia/GMU Sergey Belov

Turkey Jale Akyel

T-Shaped People:Next Generation Adaptive Innovators

for a Smarter Planet

Many disciplinesMany sectors

Many regions/cultures(understanding & communications)

Deep in one sector

Deep in one region/culture

Deep in one discipline

“No one knows everything, but a well-chosen team of T-shapes has empathy to learn anything.”

Partnering for Skills

Marisa Viveros,VP Cybersecurity

Innovation

Dianne Fodell,Program ExecSkills for 21st C

Nanci Knight,AcademicInitiatives(Western Region)

Key Question: Knowledge Half-Life• What percentage of a companies product and service

offerings to customers change every year?• What percentage of the courses that students get change

every year?

22

What’s UP at IBM?

23

Those in-the-know say, “IBM is helping to build a Smarter Planet…”

24

Smarter Planet = Smarter “Service” Systems

INSTRUMENTED

We now have the ability to measure, sense and see the exact condition of practically everything.

INTERCONNECTED

People, systems and objects can communicate and

interact with each other in entirely new ways.

INTELLIGENT

We can respond to changes quickly and accurately, and get better results

by predicting and optimizing for future events.

WORKFORCE

PRODUCTS

SUPPLY CHAIN

COMMUNICATIONS

TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS

IT NETWORKS

25

Land-population-energy-carbon

Carlo Ratti:Senseable Cities

IBM Platforms for Entrepreneurs

• Smarter Cities Intelligent Operations Center Platform• IBM Watson & Cognitive Computing Platform• IBM UP helping university startups to scale-up (growth)04/08/23

© IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional

development (IBM UPward)28

Welcome to the new age ofplatform technologies and

smarter service systems for every sector of business and society

nested, networks systems

National Science FoundationA feature of a service system is the participation and cooperation of the customer in the service and its delivery. A service system then requires an integration of knowledge and technologies from a range of disciplines, often including engineering, computer science, social science, behavioral science, and cognitive science, paired with market knowledge to increase its social benefit.

Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno

Holistic Service Systems (HSS)

04/08/23© IBM 2013 IBM University Programs

worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)

31

http://www.service-science.info/archives/1056

Nation

State/Province

City/Region

UniversityCollege

K-12

Cultural &ConferenceHotels

HospitalMedical

Research

Worker(professional)

Family(household)

For-profits:Business Entrepreneurship

Non-profitsSocial Entrepreneurship

U-BEEJob Creator/Sustainer

U-BEEs = University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

“The future is already here (at universities),it is just not evenlydistributed.”

“The best way topredict the futureis to (inspire the nextgeneration of studentsto) build it better.”

“Multilevel nested, networked holistic service systems (HSS) that provision whole service (WS) tothe people inside them. WS includes flows (transportation, water, food, energy, communications), development (buildings, retail ,finance, health, education), and governance (city, state, nation). ”

University Four Missions1.Learning2.Discovery3.Engagement4.Convergence

Universities Matter #1



32

Japan

ChinaGermany

France

United KingdomItaly

Russia SpainBrazilCanada

IndiaMexico AustraliaSouth Korea

NetherlandsTurkey

Sweden

y = 0,7489x + 0,3534R² = 0,719

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

% g

loba

l G

DP

% top 500 universities

Nation’s % WW GDP and % Top 500 Universities (2009 Data)




33

…But it can be costly, American student loan debt is over $900M




34

“When we combined the impact of Harvard’s direct spending on payroll, purchasing and construction – the indirect impact of University spending – and the direct and indirect impact of off-campus spending by Harvard students – we can estimate that Harvard directly and indirectly accounted for nearly $4.8 billion in economic activity in the Boston area in fiscal year 2008, and more than 44,000 jobs.”

35

What are the trends?

Digital ImmigrantBorn: 1988

Graduated College: 2012

Digital NativeBorn: 2012

Enters College: 2030

http://www.prlog.org/11878039-the-secrets-to-hiring-recent-college-graduates.jpg


2030 Transportation: Self-driving cars

Steve Mahan:Test “Driver”


2030 Water


2030 Manufacturing

Ryan Chin:Urban Mobility

Baxter: Building the Future

Maker-Bot: Replicator 2


2030 Energy


2030 ICT


Example: Leading Through Connections with…Universities Collaborate with IBM Research to Design Watson for the Grand Challenge of Jeopardy !

Assisted in the development of the Open Advancement of Question-Answering Initiative (OAQA) architecture and methodology

Pioneered an online natural language question answering system called START, which provided the ability to answer questions with high precision using information from semi-structured and structured information repositories

Worked to extend the capabilities of Watson, with a focus on extensive common sense knowledge

Focused on large-scale information extraction, parsing, and knowledge inference technologies

Worked on a visualization component to visually explain to external audiences the massively parallel analytics skills it takes for the Watson computing system to break down a question and formulate a rapid and accurate response to rival a human brain

Provided technological advancement enabling a computing system to remember the full interaction, rather than treating every question like the first one - simulating a real dialogue

Explored advanced machine learning techniques along with rich text representations based on syntactic and semantic structures for the Watson’s optimization

Worked on information retrieval and text search technologies

http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2011/02/chq_watson_wrapup.html


2030 Buildings: Recycled to be stronger, safer, cleaner

China Broad Group:30 Stories in 15 Days


2030 Retail & Hospitality


2030 Finance & Business


2030 Health


2030 Education: Watch one, do one, teach one…


2030 Government

Four measures

Innovativeness

Equity– Improve

weakestlink

Sustainability

Resiliency


Competitive Parity – Achieved.

The NFL has spent the last two decades touting its parity—the idea that any team can win on any given Sunday (or Monday or Thursday). But this year, parity has truly run wild.

… here's the wackiest thing: Through six weeks, 11 of the NFL's 32 teams are 3-3. The Journal asked the statistical gurus of Massey-Peabody Analytics to run a coin-flip simulation…


2030 and Beyond…. Government, Health, Education, Finance, etc.



50


Up-SkillCycle

University-Region1University-Region1

University-Region2University-Region2

= New Venture

= Acquisition

= High-Growth Acquisition/ New IBM BU (Growing)

= High-Productivity/ Mature IBM BU (Shrinking)

= IBMer moving from mature BU to acquisition

= IBMer moving intoIBMer on Campus role(help create graduateswith Smarter-Planet skills,help create Smarter Planetoriented new ventures;Refresh skills

= Graduates withSmarter Planet skills

IBMIBM


Service Innovators

ISSIP = International Society of Service Innovation Professionals

T-shaped Professionals– Depth

– Breadth

Register at:– ISSIP.org


Systems-Disciplines Framework: Depth & BreadthSystems that focus on flows of things Systems that governSystems that support people’s activities

transportation & supply chain water &

waste

food &products

energy & electricity

building & construction

healthcare& family

retail &hospitality banking

& finance

ICT &cloud

education &work

citysecure

statescale

nationlaws

social sciences

behavioral sciences

management sciences

political sciences

learning sciences

cognitive sciences

system sciences

information sciences

organization sciences

decision sciences

run professions

transform professions

innovate professions

e.g., econ & law

e.g., marketing

e.g., operations

e.g., public policy

e.g., game theory and strategy

e.g., psychology

e.g., industrial eng.

e.g., computer sci

e.g., knowledge mgmt

e.g., stats & design

e.g., knowledge worker

e.g., consultant

e.g., entrepreneur

stake

holders Customer

Provider

Authority

Competitors

resources

People

Technology

Information

Organizations

change History

(Data Analytics)

Future(Roadmap)

value

Run

Transform(Copy)

Innovate(Invent)

Observe Stakeholders (As-Is)

Observe Resource Access (As-Is)

Imagine Possibilities (Has-Been & Might-Become)

Realize Value (To-Be)

disciplines

systems


The New Normal: Smarter Systems

Computational System

Smarter TechnologyRequires investment roadmap

Service Systems: Stakeholders & Resources

1. People 2. Technology3. Shared Information4. Organizations

connected by win-win value propositions

Smarter Buildings, Universities, CitiesRequires investment roadmap


A Framework for Global Civil Society

Daniel Patrick Moynihan said nearly 50 years ago: "If you want to build a world class city, build a great university and wait 200 years." His insight is true today – except yesterday's 200 years has become twenty. More than ever, universities will generate and sustain the world’s idea capitals and, as vital creators, incubators, connectors, and channels of thought and understanding, they will provide a framework for global civil society.

– John Sexton, President NYU


In Conclusion: Two Books To Help Us All Prepare For Change


Thank-You! Questions?

Dr. James (“Jim”) C. SpohrerInnovation Champion & Director, IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)[email protected]

“Instrumented, Interconnected, Intelligent – Let’s build a Smarter Planet.” – IBM“If we are going to build a smarter planet, let’s start by building smarter cities” – CityForward.org“Universities are major employers in cities and key to urban sustainability.” – Coalition of USU

“Cities learning from cities learning from cities.” – Fundacion Metropoli“The future is already here… It is just not evenly distributed.” – Gibson

“The best way to predict the future is to create it/invent it.” – Moliere/Kay“Real-world problems may not/refuse to respect discipline boundaries.” – Popper/Spohrer

“Today’s problems may come from yesterday’s solutions.” – Senge“History is a race between education and catastrophe.” – H.G. Wells

“The future is born in universities.” – Kurilov“Think global, act local.” – Geddes


What improves Quality-of-Life? Service System Innovations

A. Systems that focus on flow of things that humans need (~15%*)1. Transportation & supply chain

2. Water & waste recycling/Climate & Environment

3. Food & products manufacturing

4. Energy & electricity grid/Clean Tech

5. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT access)B. Systems that focus on human activity and development (~70%*)

6. Buildings & construction (smart spaces) (5%*)

7. Retail & hospitality/Media & entertainment/Tourism & sports (23%*)

8. Banking & finance/Business & consulting (wealthy) (21%*)

9. Healthcare & family life (healthy) (10%*)

10. Education & work life/Professions & entrepreneurship (wise) (9%*)C. Systems that focus on human governance - security and opportunity (~15%*)

11. Cities & security for families and professionals (property tax)

12. States/regions & commercial development opportunities/investments (sales tax)

13. Nations/NGOs & citizens rights/rules/incentives/policies/laws (income tax)

0/19/02/7/42/1/1

7/6/1

1/1/0

5/17/27

1/0/2

24/24/1

2/20/24

7/10/3

5/2/2

3/3/10/0/0

1/2/2

Quality of Life = Quality of Service + Quality of Jobs + Quality of Investment-Opportunities

* = US Labor % in 2009.

“61 Service Design 2010 (Japan) / 75 Service Marketing 2010 (Portugal)/78 Service-Oriented Computing 2010 (US)”


Economic Shift in National Economies

Daryl Pereira/Sunnyvale/IBM@IBMUS,

42%6433 3 1.4Germany

37%261163 2.1Bangladesh

19%201070 1.6Nigeria

45%6728 5 2.2Japan

64%692110 2.4Russia

61%661420 3.0Brazil

34%391645 3.5Indonesia

23%7623 1 5.1U.S.

35%23176014.4India

142%29224925.7China

40yr ServiceGrowth

S%

G%

A %

Labor% WW

Nation

World’s Large Labor ForcesA = Agriculture, G = Goods, S = Service

20102010

NationMaster.com, International Labor OrganizationNote: Pakistan, Vietnam, and Mexico now larger LF than Germany

US shift to service jobs

(A) Agriculture:Value from harvesting nature

(G) Goods:Value from making products

(S) Service:Value from

IT augmented workers in smarter systemsthat create benefits for customers

and sustainably improve quality of life.


Growth of Service Revenue at IBM

SOFTWARE

SYSTEMS(AND FINANCING)

SERVICES

2010 Pretax Income Mix Revenue Growth by Segment

Services

Software

Systems

44%

17%

39%

IBM Annual Reports

What do IBM Service Professionals Do? Run IT & enterprise systems for customers,help Transform customer processes to best practices, and Innovate with customers.


California Human Development Report 2011:Measuring quality-of-life…. http://w

ww

.measureofam

erica.org/docs/AP

ortraitOfC

A.pdf



62

Jim Spohrer, IBM• Dr. James (“Jim”) C. Spohrer is IBM Innovation

Champion and Director of IBM University Programs (IBM UP). Jim works to align IBM and universities globally for innovation amplification. Previously, Jim helped to found IBM’s first Service Research group, the global Service Science community, and was founding CTO of IBM’s Venture Capital Relations Group in Silicon Valley. During the 1990’s while at Apple Computer, he was awarded Apple’s Distinguished Engineer Scientist and Technology title for his work on next generation learning platforms. Jim has a PhD in Computer Science/Artificial Intelligence from Yale, and BS in Physics from MIT. His current research priorities include applying service science to study nested, networked holistic service systems, such as cities and universities. He has more than ninety publications and been awarded nine patents.


Measuring Impact

SSME: IBM Icon of Progress & IBM Research Outstanding Accomplishment– Internal 10x return: CBM, IDG, SDM Pricing & Costing, BIW COBRA, SIMPLE, IoFT, Fringe, VCR

• Key was tools to model customers & IBM better• Also tools to shift routine physical, mental, interactional & identify synergistic new ventures• Alignment with Smarter Planet & Analytics (instrumented, interconnected, intelligent)• Alignment with Smarter Cities, Smarter Campus, Smarter Buildings (Holistic Service Systems)

– External: More than $1B in national investments in Service Innovation activities

– External: Increase conferences, journals, and publications

– External: Service Science SIGs in Professional Associations

– External: Course & Program Guidelines for T-shaped Professionals, 500+ institutions

– External: National Service Science Institutions, Books & Case Studies (Open Services Innovation)

Service Research, a Portfolio Approach– 1. Improve existing offerings (value propositions that can move the needle on KPI’s)

– 2. Create new offerings (for old and new customers)

– 3. Improve outcomes insourcing, outsourcing, acquisitions, divestitures (interconnect-fission-fusion)

– 4. For all three of the above, improve customer/partner capabilities (ratchet each other up)

– 5. For all four of the above, increase patents and service IP assets (some donated to open forums)

– 6. For all five of the above, increase publications and body-of-knowledge (professional associations)


Who I am (http://www.service-science.info/archives/2233)

Director IBM Global University Programs since 2009– Global team works with 5000 university world wide (http://www.ibm.com/university)

– 6 R’s: Research (Awards), Readiness (Skills), Recruiting, Revenue, Responsibility, Regions

– Transform “IBM on Campus” brand awareness (“Smarter Planet/Smarter Cities”)

– Create “Urban Service System” Research Centers & U-BEEs Founding Director of IBM's first Service Research group from 2003-2009

– Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA

– 10x ROI with four IBM outstanding and eleven accomplishment awards

– Improve existing offerings, create new, portfolio synergies, partners, patents, publications

– I know/work with service research pioneers from many academic disciplines• I advocate for Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Design (SSME+D)

– Short-term: Curriculum (T-shaped people, deep in an existing discipline)– Long-term: New transdiscipline and profession (awaiting CAD tool)

• I advocate for ISSIP (“one of the founding fathers”)• Co-editor of the “Handbook of Service Science” (Springer 2010)

Other background (late 90’s and before)– Founding CTO of IBM’s Venture Capital Relations group in Silicon Valley

– Apple Computer’s (Distinguished Engineer Scientist and Technologist) award (90’s)

– Ph.D. Computer Science/Artificial Intelligence from Yale University (80’s)

– B.S. in Physics from MIT (70’s)

welcome to almaden 20140904 v12 short

Engineering

accelerating regional development

service research group

ibm university programs

holistic service systems

service system

smarter planet

founding cto

ibm research