weight management: overweight and underweight chapter 9
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Weight Management:Weight Management:
Overweight and UnderweightOverweight and Underweight
Chapter 9Chapter 9
What about kids ??
19811981 19961996
GirlsGirls
OverweightOverweight
ObeseObese
1313
22
2727
99
BoysBoys
OverweightOverweight
ObeseObese
1111
22
3333
1010
Fat Cell Development
During periods of
growth in late childhood/earl
y puberty, # on fat cells
increase
During periods of
excess intake, fats cell size
increases
When fat cells have reached
their maximum
size, the cell number
increases
Even with fat loss, the cells
may shrink but not the
number
LPL Levels and Set Point Theory
LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase)
-- located on adipose cell membranes and promote fat storage
-- higher the activity level of LPL, the more efficient storage of fat is
-- after weight lose, LPL increases, increasing fat deposition
The Weight-Cycling Effect of Repeated Dieting
Each period of dieting results in
a resetting of your
“homeostatic set point”.
Therefore, each loss is followed by a gain even larger than the
loss
Comparison of Average Women, Barbie and Store Mannequins
““Average”Average”
WomenWomen
Barbie Barbie
Store Store MMannequinannequinss
HeightHeight
WeightWeight
Dress sizeDress size
BustBust
WaistWaist
HipsHips
BMIBMI
55’ ’ 4”4”
145 lbs.145 lbs.
11 -1411 -14
36 - 3736 - 37””
29 - 3129 - 31””
40 - 4240 - 42””
24.9724.97
66’ ’ 00””
101 lbs101 lbs
44
3939””
1919””
3333””
13.713.7
66’ ’ 00””
Not availableNot available
66
34”34”
23”23”
34”34”
Jamie Lee Curtis
Interview onDateline
following her Cover Story in More Magazine
Aggressive Methods of Weight Control
Drugs:
Sibutramine - suppresses appetite by inhibiting uptake of serotonin
Orlistat - inhibits pancreatic lipase activity lowering the efficiency of fat digestion and absorption
Over the counter: Benzocaine, Acutrim, Dex-A-Diet, Phenyldrine, Phenoxine,
Aggressive Methods of Weight Control
Herbal:
St. John’s Wort
Ma Huang - Ephedrine(Nature’s Own Fat Burner!!)
CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid)
Aggressive Methods of Weight Control
Surgery:
Suction lipectomy - Liposuction
Stomach restriction - Gastric Bypass Surgery
More Reasonable Methods for Weight Loss
Weight Loss Eating Plans:
- emphasize Adequacy- smaller portions (e.g. grazing)- emphasize Complex Carbs- select Fats wisely- emphasize Nutitional Density- drink lots of water- increase Physical Activity
More Reasonable Methods for Weight Gain
Weight Gain Eating Plans:
- Energy Dense Foods- Regular Meals- Add Extra Snacks- Juice & Milk- Physical Activity builds Muscle
Anorexia Nervosa
- refusal to maintain healthy body weight( Usually < 85% of healthy body weight )
- intense fear of gaining body weight
- see themselves in unrealistic way
- restrictive and binge-and-purge types
Bulimia Nervosa
- relatively normal body weight
- see themselves in unrealistic way
- purge and non-purging types