week6 sea culture and society malaysia islamic art 2011 dc

8/2/2019 Week6 Sea Culture and Society Malaysia Islamic Art 2011 Dc

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1.0 A VISUAL HISTORY OF MALAYSIA I



2.0 A VISUAL HISTORY OF MALAYSIA II

Iranian Revolution 1979



2.0 A VISUAL HISTORY OF MALAYSIA II



• 3.0 CELEBRATED ARTISTS OF MALAYSIA



4.0 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BATIK

IN MALAYSIA

UNESCO DECLARATION ON

INTANGIBLE HERITAGE 2009 –

Lost the battle but not the war?



5.0 PERFORMING ARTS OF MALAYSIA

Traditions

vs.

Traditions

Traditions

vs.

Modernity



6.0 ISLAMIC ART & ARCHITECTURE

OF MALAYSIA



Q) Name the Disney lead female characterconnected to these scenes



Onion domes



Q) Did Ancient Egyptians build the domestructures you see at Sunway Pyramid Mall?

A) Y/N?



A) No. Most structures used the

‘post and lintel (beam)’ system

Column design inspired by papyrus and lotus plants



Arches – Vaults – Domes - Arcades



Q) Locate this mosque. Name if possible.

Designed by Arthur Benison Hubback



Q) Locate this mosque.

Designed by Arthur Benison Hubback



Q) Locate this mosque.



Q) Locate this mosque



Q) Locate this mosque..



Q) A mosque always has a dome. True or false?



Kampung Laut Mosque



Kampung Keling Mosque, Melaka



Melaka State Mosque



National Mosque



Masjid Al-Husna

MINARETCAPULAa small, most-often

dome-like structure,

on top of a building



Side note: Is there an official Islamic costume?

No. The turban for example, is not exclusive to Muslim men



The Great Stupa ( Sanchi, India),10 BCE-15 CE

Similarly, the dome is not exclusive to Islamic culture



(L) Nepalese Stupa ; (R) Thai Buddhist Temple

l ( )



St. Basil, Moscow (1555-61)AND NEITHER ARE ONION DOMES ARE NOT EXCLUSIVE TO ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE



MOST EASTERN ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN CHURCHES HAVE ONION DOMES TOO



NOTE THAT SECULAR BUILDINGS CAN SPORT A DOME TOO

SAME ARCHITECT!



The blending of

different values andideas is reflected in

architecture, fashion,

and other elements

of culture

Ancient Romans were master



The Parthenon (Greece) 432 BCE; The Pantheon (Rome) , 126 CE

St. Peter’s, Rome ; St. Paul’s Cathedral (London ) c. 1710

Ancient Romans were master

builders, and developed advanced

dome structures



Hagia Sophia (Istanbul, Turkey) ca. 532-537



Istanbul, Turkey

Hagia Sophia VS. The Blue Mosque



Blue Mosque (Istanbul, Turkey)



Federal Territory Mosque / Masjid Wilayah Persekutuan

- Influence of Ottoman and Moghul architecture

T j M h l (A I di ) 1632 1653



Taj Mahal (Agra, India) ca. 1632-1653

is a tomb, not a mosque



Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque (Blue Mosque)

- Influence of Ottoman and Moghul architecture



The three holiest sites of Islam:

N #1) Al M jid l Ḥ ā (Th S d



No#1) Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām (The Sacred

Mosque ) in Mecca/Makkah, Saudi Arabia

KAABA – most

sacred Islamic site



Abrait Al Bait Towers in Mecca/Makkah



Abrait Al-Bait Towers - in Mecca/Makkah,

Saudi Arabia



NO#2) Al-Masjid al-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque), Medinah

Site of

Muhammad’s

house and burial

ground

No# 3) Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem



These sites do not sport large domes. Thus reaffirming the influence of Moghul and

Ottoman architecture .



These sites do not sport large domes.

Thus reaffirming the influence of Moghul and Ottoman architecture .



(L) Pantheon, Rome. (R) Hagia Sophia – Cross cultural attraction of domes

In Islamic tradition and



In Islamic tradition and

many other cultures, the

dome is a cosmic symbol

representing the vault of heavens



National Science Center, Islamic Museum, Istana Negara, National Planetarium



Gardens, Midvalley; Sunway Pyramid

In Malaysia, some architects since the 80s have used the slanted roof to identify



secular buildings to contrast with the sacred or religious dome structures.



Q) Does a Muslim always needs a mosque to

pray?

Q) If mosques are not identified by domes,

then what are the more consistantcharacteristics of a mosque?

Q) What are the functions of a mosque?

Islamic worship actually does not require any



Islamic worship actually does not require any

special place or furniture.



The essential is a clean space, a prayer mat, or a

clean cloth will do. Prayers must be made

towards the direction of the Kaabah. The kiblat

points towards it.

Mihrab – a nitch in the prayer hall pointing to the Kaaba



Mihrab a nitch in the prayer hall pointing to the Kaaba.

Also the area where the Imam leads the prayer

This and the absolution area are the most distinct features. The

other features are optional

Ablutionary (Tempat Berwuduk) –



Ablutionary (Tempat Berwuduk) near entrance, water for the worshipper to clean

themselves before entering the prayer hall

Minaret- generally tall spires with onion-shaped or conical crowns usually either free standing or



Minaret generally tall spires with onion shaped or conical crowns, usually either free standing or

taller than any associated support structure; the basic form includes a base, shaft, and gallery. Styles vary regionally

and by period. They provide a visual focal point and are used for the call to prayer (adhan).

Iwan (Porch)



Iwan (Porch)is a vaulted hall or space, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal

gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the

facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and

geometric designs.

Iwan Ablutionary Prayer Hall Dome MIHRAB



Iwan, Ablutionary, Prayer Hall, Dome, MIHRAB,

Courtyard, Library, Minarets, Classrooms, Office,

Cemetary, Mausoleums, Gardens…

The mosque is the nucleus of the Muslim



The mosque is the nucleus of the Muslim

community, functioning mainly as house of prayer,

educational centre, and community centre

Islamic calligraphy



Islamic calligraphy

Calligraphy is the most

important and pervasiveelement in Islamic art.

Content are usually proverbs and passagesfrom the Quran used for calligraphy

Calligraphy is used to decorate manuscripts, book covers, objects, and buildings



Arabesque

• The arabesque inIslamic art is often usedto symbolize the

transcendent,indivisible and infinitenature of Allah

• Arabesques are

repeating elements inIslamic art which usesgeometrical floral orvegetable designs.

Geometry in Islamic Art



Geometry in Islamic Art

• Surfaces covered withgeometric patterns.

• Geometry reflects languageof the universe and help thebeliever to reflect on life andthe greatness of creation.

• Geometry has no end,infinite - remind Muslimsthat Allah is infinite.

• Impression of unendingrepetition = infinite nature of Allah.

• In the small you can find theinfinite ... a single element of the pattern implies theinfinite total.



Islamic art tend to avoids figurative representation



Iconoclasm is the deliberate destruction of idols (figures)



Interior of St. Peter's, Rome

Iconoclasm is not exclusive to Islam.



Iconoclasm is not exclusive to Islam.

The Protestant Revolution practiced iconoclasm as well.

The Interior of St. Bavo, Haarlem, The Netherlands

Combined together, these element distinguishedIslamic Architect re



Islamic Architecture

• Importance of mihrab or

prayer niches pointingtowards Mecca

• Central fountains used forablutions

• Minarets/ towers, domesand cupolas, iwans

• Decorations using geometricpatterns & arabesques

• Decorations using Islamiccalligraphy as

• Avoids figurative arts andabsence of idols

Combined together, these element distinguishedIslamic Architecture




The Blue Mosque is oriented towards Mecca

Combined together, these element distinguished




Observe the decorative elements

Combined together, these element distinguished




Closing note: Islam is one of the many religions in the world,



Closing note: Muslims number almost a billion of the world’s population



Closing note:



Understanding the religion’s culture and principles is a must for

designers and artists creating in a modernizing country that has a

secular constitution but large Muslim society.

Closing note:

U d t di th li i ’ lt d i i l i t f



RED CROSS & RED CRESCENT SOCIETIES

‘NEUTRAL’ DESIGN PROPOSED IN 2005

Understanding the religion’s culture and principles is a must for

designers and artists creating in a globalizing society.



POSTCARD PROJECT TIPS

SAMPLE CONTENT OF YOUR RESEARCHNOTES: Pucuk Rebung (Bamboo Shoots)



NOTES: Pucuk Rebung (Bamboo Shoots)



L. Telekom Malaysia

Headquarters, Kuala

Lumpur;

Burj Al-Arab, Dubai

SAMPLE CONTENT OF YOUR RESEARCH NOTES:Pucuk Rebung (Bamboo Shoots)



Pucuk Rebung (Bamboo Shoots)

On sarong pattern;

Yee I-Lann,Boogeyman series;

Latiff Mohidin’s Pago-

Pago series; Design

motif



Find an inspirational cultural element, then

create an art work from it:



• Not recommended!



• For photographic works, remember to take



quality photos



Side discussion :

The importance of architecture in defining the national identity

China Pavillion at the World Expo 2010,



p ,

Shanghai DOU GONG

- Interlockingwooden

brackets斗拱

week6 sea culture and society malaysia islamic art 2011 dc

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