weed survey â€“ southern states 2004 grass crops subsection

2004 Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society, Volume 57 Weed Survey

404

WEED SURVEY – SOUTHERN STATES

2004

Grass Crops Subsection

(Corn; Grain Sorghum, Hay, Pastures, and Rangelands; Rice; Small Grains; Sugarcane;Turf; Wheat)

Theodore M. WebsterChairperson

Information in this report is provided by the following individuals:

Alabama John Everest Mike Patterson

Florida Barry J. Brecke A. BennettJ. Bryan Unruh A.S. BlountC. G. Chambliss J. J. Mullahey

Georgia A. Stanley Culpepper Tim R. MurphyEric P. Prostko R. Dewey Lee

Kentucky J. D. Green J. R. Martin

Louisiana Steve Kelly David LanclosJim Griffin Ron StrahanEric Webster

Mississippi John Byrd

North Carolina Alan York Fred YelvertonLeon Warren Travis Gannon

Oklahoma Don Murray Case MedlinDennis Martin

Puerto Rico Maria de L. Lugo Nelson Semidey

Tennessee Scott McElroy

Texas Paul Baumann Todd Baughman

Virginia Shawn Askew


405

Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Corn.______________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Alabama Florida Georgia

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Broadleaf signalgrass Crabgrasses Crabgrasses 2 Crabgrasses Goosegrass Texas panicum 3 Morningglories Florida pusley Morningglories 4 Florida pusley Texas panicum Pigweeds 5 Pigweeds Sicklepod Sicklepod 6 Sicklepod Florida beggarweed Common cocklebur 7 Johnsongrass Morningglories Johnsongrass 8 Fall panicum Pigweeds Florida beggarweed 9 Common cocklebur Common cocklebur Yellow nutsedge10 Nutsedges Nutsedges Common bermudagrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Texas panicum Texas panicum Texas panicum 2 Morningglories Florida beggarweed Morningglories 3 Sicklepod Sicklepod Pigweeds 4 Fall panicum Nutsedges Sicklepod 5 Johnsongrass Morningglories Nutsedges 6 Common cocklebur Common cocklebur Florida beggarweed 7 Broadleaf signalgrass Pigweeds Crabgrasses 8 Pigweeds Goosegrass Johnsongrass 9 Smooth crabgrass Crabgrasses Pennsylvania smartweed10 Nutsedges Wild radish


406

Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Corn (continued).____________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Kentucky Louisiana Mississippi

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Smooth pigweed Johnsongrass Broadleaf signalgrass 2 Giant foxtail Broadleaf signalgrass Annual morningglories 3 Large crabgrass Crabgrasses Southern crabgrass 4 Johnsongrass Morningglories Common cocklebur 5 Ivyleaf morningglory Itchgrass Johnsongrass 6 Common cocklebur Nutsedges Sicklepod 7 Giant ragweed Barnyardgrass Purple nutsedge 8 Honeyvine milkweed Pigweeds Pigweeds 9 Fall panicum Hemp sesbania Pennsylvania

smartweed10 Yellow nutsedge Sicklepod Goosegrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Honeyvine milkweed Morningglories Broadleaf signalgrass 2 Broadleaf signalgrass Johnsongrass Annual morningglories 3 Burcucumber Itchgrass Common cocklebur 4 Trumpetcreeper Nutsedges Common bermudagrass 5 Giant ragweed Swinecress Horsenettle 6 Johnsongrass Culteaf eveningprimrose Purple nutsedge 7 Common pokeweed Ryegrass spp. Sicklepod 8 Ivyleaf morningglory Curly dock Palmer amaranth 9 Yellow nutsedge Sicklepod Southern crabgrass10 Musk thistle Hemp sesbania Yellow nutsedge


407

Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Corn (continued)._____________________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking North Carolina Oklahoma Puerto Rico

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Large crabgrass Palmer amaranth Johnsongrass 2 Broadleaf signalgrass Johnsongrass Crabgrasses 3 Amaranthus spp. Velvetleaf Red sprangletop 4 Common lambsquarters Common waterhemp Itchgrass 5 Annual morningglories Kochia Alexandergrass 6 Sicklepod Common cocklebur Goosegrass 7 Fall panicum Morningglories Junglerice 8 Common ragweed Common lambsquarters Horse purslane 9 Common cocklebur Barnyardgrass Pigweeds10 Johnsongrass Large crabgrass Wild poinsettia

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Annual morningglories Common waterhemp Itchgrass 2 Burcucumber Palmer amaranth Johnsongrass 3 Common milkweed Johnsongrass Nutsedges 4 Hemp dogbane Field bindweed Bermudagrass 5 Carolina horsenettle Yellow nutsedge Crabgrasses 6 Common bermudagrass Morningglories Goosegrass 7 Broadleaf signalgrass Kochia Junglerice 8 Texas panicum Field sandbur Alexandergrass 9 Purple nutsedge Shattercane Wild poinsettia10 Fall panicum Common cocklebur Red sprangletop


408

Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Corn (continued).State

Ranking Texas

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Pigweeds 2 Johnsongrass 3 Sunflower 4 Morningglories 5 Barnyardgrass 6 Browntop panicum 7 Texas panicum 8 Velvetleaf 9 Crabgrasses10 Kochia

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Morningglories 2 Field bindweed 3 Texas panicum 4 Johnsongrass 5 Crabgrass 6 Pigweeds 7 Field bindweed 8 Silverleaf nightshade 9 Russian Thistle10 Sunflower


409

Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Grain sorghum.___________________________________ States _____________________________________________


Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Crabgrasses Crabgrasses Crabgrasses 2 Morningglories Goosegrass Texas panicum 3 Common cocklebur Texas panicum Morningglories 4 Johnsongrass Morningglories Pigweeds 5 Sicklepod Common cocklebur Sicklepod 6 Pigweeds Sicklepod Common cocklebur 7 Prickly sida Pigweeds Johnsongrass 8 Florida pusley Florida beggarweed Florida beggarweed 9 Nutsedges Johnsongrass Nutsedges10 Broadleaf signalgrass Nutsedges Bermudagrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Johnsongrass Crabgrasses Texas panicum 2 Broadleaf signalgrass Texas panicum Johnsongrass 3 Sicklepod Goosegrass Morningglories 4 Morningglories Sicklepod Crabgrasses 5 Common cocklebur Pigweeds Bermudagrass 6 Crabgrasses Morningglories Common cocklebur 7 Pigweeds Nutsedges Pigweeds 8 Nutsedges Florida pusley Sicklepod 9 Texas panicum Florida beggarweed Nutsedges10 Fall panicum Common cocklebur Florida beggarweed


410

Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Grain sorghum(continued).

____________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Louisiana Mississippi North Carolina

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Crabgrasses Broadleaf signalgrass Large crabgrass 2 Broadleaf signalgrass Southern crabgrass Broadleaf signalgrass 3 Johnsongrass Pitted morningglory Amaranthus spp. 4 Barnyardgrass Common cocklebur Common lambsquarters 5 Morningglories Sicklepod Annual morningglories 6 Bermudagrass Pigweeds Sicklepod 7 Pigweeds Common bermudagrass Fall panicum 8 Goosegrass Barnyardgrass Common ragweed 9 Nutsedges Johnsongrass Common cocklebur10 Sicklepod Pennsylvania smartweed Johnsongrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Johnsongrass Johnsongrass Johnsongrass 2 Crabgrasses Broadleaf signalgrass Broadleaf signalgrass 3 Broadleaf signalgrass Common bermudagrass Large crabgrass 4 Barnyardgrass Annual morningglories Common bermudagrass 5 Morningglories Common cocklebur Annual morningglories 6 Bermudagrass Purple nutsedge Sicklepod 7 Pigweeds Barnyardgrass Goosegrass 8 Goosegrass Palmer amaranth Fall panicum 9 Itchgrass Honeyvine milkweed Amaranthus spp.10 Nutsedges Southern crabgrass Carolina Horsenettle


411

Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Grain sorghum(continued).

___________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Oklahoma Puerto Rico Texas

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Pigweeds Johnsongrass Pigweeds 2 Large crabgrass Large crabgrass Sunflower 3 Johnsongrass Red sprangletop Johnsongrass 4 Shattercane Itchgrass Morningglories 5 Common cocklebur Alexandergrass Browntop panicum 6 Fall panicum Goosegrass Barnyardgrass 7 Texas panicum Junglerice Field bindweed 8 Kochia Horse purslane Witchgrass 9 Morningglories Pigweeds Crabgrass10 Common lambsquarters Wild poinsettia Field sandbur

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Johnsongrass Itchgrass Johnsongrass 2 Shattercane Johnsongrass Texas panicum 3 Pigweeds Bermudagrass Sunflower 4 Clammy groundcherry Crabgrasses Field bindweed 5 Field bindweed Goosegrass Morningglories 6 Large crabgrass Nutsedges Witchgrass 7 Yellow foxtail Junglerice Pigweeds 8 Field sandbur Alexandergrass Silverleaf nightshade 9 Barnyardgrass Wild poinsettia Russian thistle10 Common cocklebur Red sprangletop Kochia


412

Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Hay, Pastures, andRangelands.

___________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Alabama Alabama Alabama

Ten Most Common Weeds Alfalfa Hay Pasture 1 Chickweeds Crabgrasses Dogfennel 2 Henbit Bahiagrass Broomsedge 3 Annual ryegrass Smutgrass Thistles 4 Crabgrasses Rubus spp. Buttercups 5 Curly dock Carolina horsenettle Horseweed 6 Wild mustard Pigweeds Rubus spp. 7 Wild radish Dogfennel Crabgrasses 8 Bittercresses Horseweed Curly dock 9 Buttercups Red sorrel Little barley10 Pigweeds Field sandbur Carolina horsenettle

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds Alfalfa Hay Pasture 1 Buttercups Carolina horsenettle Prickly pears 2 Pigweeds Rubus spp. Carolina horsenettle 3 Wild radish Pigweeds Smutgrass 4 Wild mustard Smutgrass Dogfennel 5 Crabgrasses Bahiagrass Rubus spp. 6 Henbit Dogfennel Broomsedge 7 Curly dock Horseweed Curly dock 8 Thistles Red sorrel Thistles 9 Bermudagrass Crabgrasses Vervains10 Chickweeds Field sandbur Horseweed


413

Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Hay, Pastures, andRangelands (continued).

___________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Florida Georgia Kentucky

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Carpetgrass Crabgrasses Crabgrasses 2 Sandburs Amaranthus spp. Musk thistle 3 Smutgrass Thistles Tall ironweed 4 Briars Carolina horsenettle Buttercups 5 Vaseygrass Bahiagrass Foxtails 6 Dogfennel Buttercups Spiny amaranth 7 Tropical soda apple Dogfennel Chicory 8 Southern waxmyrtle Rubus spp. Broomsedge 9 Common bermudagrass Bitter sneezeweed Curly dock10 Annual sedge Broomsedge Common cocklebur

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Sandburs Carolina horsenettle Tall ironweed 2 Smutgrass Thistles Musk thistle 3 Tropical soda apple Bahiagrass Spiny amaranth 4 Dogfennel Johnsongrass Purpletop 5 Southern waxmyrtle Crabgrasses Multiflora rose 6 Briars Smutgrass Blackberries 7 Thistles Field sandbur Buckbrush 8 Cogongrass Rubus spp. Broomsedge 9 Pricklypears Dogfennel Eastern red cedar10 Horseweed Nutsedges Horsenettle


414


______________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Louisianna Mississippi North Carolina

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Crabgrasses Broadleaf signalgrass Carolina horsenettle 2 Broadleaf signalgrass Dallisgrass Large crabgrass 3 Foxtails Rootknot foxtail Curly dock 4 Curly dock Southern crabgrass Buttercups (hairy, bulbous) 5 Wooly croton Carolina horsenettle Wild radish/mustard 6 Dogfennel Dogfennel Paspalum spp. (Bahiagrass,

Vaseygrass, Dallisgrass) 7 Spiny amaranth Spiny amaranth Italian ryegrass 8 Smutgrass Thistles Pigweeds (spiny amaranth,

redroot pigweed) 9 Rubus spp. Blackberry Orchardgrass10 Buttercups Broomsedge Broadleaf signalgrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Smutgrass Rootknot foxtail Carolina horsenettle 2 Bahiagrass Broomsedge Large crabgrass 3 Foxtails Carolina horsenettle Paspalum spp. (Bahiagrass,

Vaseygrass, Dallisgrass) 4 Bluestem/Broomsedge Boneset Orchardgrass 5 Buttercups Dallisgrass Broadleaf signalgrass 6 Southern waxmyrtle Dogfennel Rubus spp. (dewberry,

blackberry) 7 Spiny amaranth Spiny amaranth Curly dock 8 Multiflora rose Thistles Buttercups (hairy, bulbous) 9 Vaseygrass Perilla mint Wild radish/mustard10 Chinese tallow Smutgrass Italian ryegrass


415


_____________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Oklahoma Puerto Rico Texas

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Eastern red cedar Tall albizia Wooly croton 2 Western ragweed Cortadera (Paspalum

millegrana)Annual broomweed

3 Common broomweed Cortadero (Paspalum virgatum)

Western ragweed

4 Louisiana broomweed Casha Ryegrass 5 Woolly croton Giant milkweed Field sandbur 6 Common milkweed Mesquite Bitter sneezeweed 7 Sericea lespedeza Thorny sensitive plant Marshelder 8 Sandburs Catclaw mimosa Bahiagrass 9 Carolina horsenettle Climbing mimosa Johnsongrass10 Shinnery oak Wire weed Crabgrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Sericea lespedeza Tall albizia K.R. bluestem 2 Sandburs Cortadera (Paspalum

millegrana)Texas bullnettle

3 Common milkweed Casha Carolina horsenettle 4 Carolina horsenettle Mesquite Marshelder 5 Wavyleaf thistle Climbing mimosa Dallisgrass 6 Ironweed Cortadero (Paspalum

virgatum)Field sandbur

7 Shinnery oak Catclaw mimosa Smutgrass 8 Silverleaf nightshade Venezuela grass Rice flatsedge 9 Buckbrush Giant milkweed Vaseygrass10 Mesquite Wire weed Crabgrass


416

Table 4. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Rice._____________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Florida Louisiana Mississippi

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Purple nutsedge Echinochloa spp. Barnyardgrass 2 Texasweed Red rice Hemp sesbania 3 Yellow nutsedge Leptochloa spp. Pitted morningglory 4 Alligatorweed Ducksalad Palmleaf morningglory 5 Fall panicum Alligatorweed Red rice 6 Sprangletops Hemp sesbania Ducksalad 7 Barnyardgrass Annual sedges Purple ammania 8 Dayflowers Commelina spp. Amazon sprangletop 9 Spiny amaranth Aeschynomene spp. Broadleaf signalgrass10 Goosegrass Eclipta Yellow nutsedge

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Purple nutsedge Red rice Barnyardgrass 2 Yellow nutsedge Paspalum spp. Palmleaf morningglory 3 Texasweed Leptochloa spp. Pitted morningglory 4 Alligatorweed Cyperus spp. Red rice 5 Sprangletops Alligatorweed Amazon sprangletop 6 Primrose willow Texasweed Ducksalad 7 Dayflowers Ducksalad Purple ammania 8 Fall panicum Commelina spp. Yellow nutsedge 9 Barnyardgrass Picklerweed Broadleaf signalgrass10 Goosegrass Sagittaria spp. Hemp sesbania


417

Table 5. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Small Grains._________________________________ States _____________________________________________


Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Mustards Cutleaf eveningprimrose Wild radish 2 Annual ryegrass Virginia pepperweed Henbit 3 Cutleaf eveningprimrose Italian ryegrass Cutleaf eveningprimrose 4 Henbit Wild radish Italian ryegrass 5 Wild radish Carpetweed Chickweeds 6 Chickweeds Corn spurry Wild garlic/onion 7 Wild garlic Cudweeds Swinecress 8 Virginia pepperweed Curly dock Vetch spp. 9 Curly dock Wild garlic Little barley10 Little barley Henbit Curly dock

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Annual ryegrass Wild radish Italian ryegrass 2 Wild mustard Wild garlic Wild radish 3 Wild radish Curly dock Wild garlic 4 Wild garlic Corn spurry Henbit 5 Henbit Cutleaf eveningprimrose Chickweeds 6 Curly dock Virginia pepperweed Swinecress 7 Cutleaf eveningprimrose Italian ryegrass Curly dock 8 Cheat Henbit Cutleaf eveningprimrose 9 Little barley Carpetweed Little barley10 Virginia pepperweed Cudweeds Vetch spp.


418

Table 5. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Small Grains(continued).

_____________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking North Carolina Oklahoma Texas

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Common chickweed Cheat Henbit 2 Henbit Feral ryegrass Flixweed/Tansy mustard 3 Italian ryegrass Common chickweed Wild oat 4 Wild garlic Henbit Bromus spp. 5 Wild mustard Cutleaf eveningprimrose Annual ryegrass 6 Wild radish Mustards Corn gromwell 7 Mouseear chickweed Field bindweed Cutleaf eveningprimrose 8 Knawel Wild oat Pepperweed 9 Cornflower Jointed goatgrass Kochia10 Shepherdspurse Italian ryegrass Prickly lettuce

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Italian ryegrass Feral ryegrass Field bindweed 2 Wild garlic Italian ryegrass Annual ryegrass 3 Henbit Cheat Jointed goatgrass 4 Knawel Jointed goatgrass Wild oat 5 Mouseear chickweed Downy brome Kochia 6 Wild radish Japanese brome Bromus spp. 7 Curly dock Rescuegrass Cutleaf eveningprimrose 8 Speedwells Wild oat Corn gromwell 9 Common chickweed Field bindweed Pepperweed10 Corn gromwell Mustards Red horned poppy


419

Table 6. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Sugarcane.______________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Florida Louisiana Puerto Rico

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Fall panicum Johnsongrass Nutsedges 2 Spiny amaranth Bermudagrass Crabgrasses 3 Nutsedges (purple

and yellow)Itchgrass Itchgrass

4 Goosegrass Red morningglory Guineagrass 5 Alligatorweed Pitted morningglory Johnsongrass 6 Sorghum almum Entireleaf

morninggloryJunglerice

7 Guineagrass Nutsedges Wild poinsettia 8 Alexandergrass Browntop panicum Pigweeds 9 Broadleaf panicum Italian ryegrass Morningglories10 Napiergrass Clovers Bermudagrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Guineagrass Johnsongrass Itchgrass 2 Nutsedges (purple

and yellow)Bermudagrass Johnsongrass

3 Napiergrass Itchgrass Guineagrass 4 Fall panicum Red morningglory Alexandergrass 5 Sorghum almum Pitted morningglory Goosegrass 6 Alligatorweed Entireleaf

morninggloryBermudagrass

7 Balsam apple Nutsedges Crabgrasses 8 Alexandergrass Browntop panicum Purple nutsedge 9 Paragrass Italian ryegrass Paragrass10 Bermudagrass Clovers Red sprangletop


420

Table 7. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Turf._______________________________________ States _____________________________________________


Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Annual bluegrass Crabgrasses Crabgrasses 2 Crabgrasses Goosegrass Annual bluegrass 3 Goosegrass Pennyworts Henbit 4 Spurges Cyperus spp. Common

chickweed 5 Henbit Dayflowers Dallisgrass 6 Nutsedges Annual bluegrass Goosegrass 7 Wild garlic Bull paspalum Common lespedeza 8 Chickweeds Virginia buttonweed Nutsedges 9 Dandelion Sandburs Wild garlic10 Lawn burweed Tropical signalgrass Bahiagrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Virginia buttonweed Crabgrasses Virginia

buttonweed 2 Torpedograss Pennyworts Nutsedges 3 Ground ivy Cyperus spp. Dallisgrass 4 Dallisgrass Torpedograss Violets 5 Nutsedges Goosegrass Annual bluegrass 6 Tufted lovegrass Annual bluegrass Doveweed 7 Wild violet Tropical signalgrass Phyllanthus spp. 8 Florida betony Phyllanthus spp. Wild garlic 9 Goosegrass Sandburs Bermudagrass10 Wild garlic Virginia buttonweed Florida betony


421

Table 7. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Turf (continued)._____________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Kentucky Louisiana Mississippi

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Large crabgrass Crabgrasses Southern crabgrass 2 Dandelion Virgina buttonweed Annual bluegrass 3 Broadleaf plantain Dallisgrass Common chickweed 4 White clover Goosegrass Henbit 5 Common chickweed Nutsedges Dallisgrass 6 Wild violet Bermudagrass Goosegrass 7 Wild garlic White clover Virginia buttonweed 8 Nimblewill Bahiagrass Prostrate spurge 9 Dallisgrass Lawn burweed Wild garlic10 Yellow nutsedge Dandelion Common dandelion

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Annual bluegrass Virginia buttonweed Virginia buttonweed 2 Wild violet Dallisgrass Common

bermudagrass 3 Nimblewill Bermudagrass Dallisgrass 4 Virginia buttonweed Torpedograss Prostrate spurge 5 Star-of-Bethlehem Doveweed Phyllanthus spp. 6 Dallisgrass Goosegrass Goosegrass 7 Bermudagrass Annual bluegrass Wild garlic 8 Common lespedeza Nutsedges Purple nutsedge 9 Yellow nutsedge Lawn burweed Torpedograss10 White clover Green kyllinga Annual bluegrass


422

Table 7. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Turf (continued)._________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking North Carolina Oklahoma Puerto Rico

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Annual bluegrass Smooth crabgrass Bermudagrass 2 Crabgrasses (smooth, large) Common chickweed Sour paspalum 3 Chickweeds (common,

mouseear)Dandelion Sensitive plant

4 Henbit Prostrate knotweed Garden spurge 5 Goosegrass Prostrate spurge Tall fringe rush 6 Dallisgrass Yellow nutsedge Green kyllinga 7 Clovers (white, hop) Henbit Goosegrass 8 Dandelion Yellow woodsorrel Nutsedges 9 Wild garlic Annual bluegrass Florida beggarweed10 Cudweeds Bromus spp. Fingergrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Annual bluegrass Virginia buttonweed Nutsedges 2 Dallisgrass Tufted hairgrass Bermudagrass 3 Kyllinga spp. (green, false-

green)Common violet Sour paspalum

4 Crabgrasses (smooth, large) Dallisgrass Tall fringe rush 5 Goosegrass Annual bluegrass Green kyllinga 6 Virginia buttonweed Plains bluestem Sensitive plant 7 Purple nutsedge Slender aster Goosegrass 8 Violets (common blue, field

pansy)Field sandbur Florida beggarweed

9 Henbit Commonbermudagrass

Garden spurge

10 Wild garlic Star-of-Bethlehem Fingergrass


423

Table 7. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Turf (continued).____________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Tennessee Texas Virginia

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Bermudagrass Dandelion Large and smooth

crabgrass 2 Dallisgrass Annual bluegrass White clover 3 White clover Sow thistle Dandelion 4 Crabgrasses Crabgrasses Annual bluegrass 5 Annual bluegrass Chickweeds Buckhorn and broadleaf

plantains 6 Goosegrass Henbit Common chickweed 7 Wild garlic Khakiweed Mouseear chickweed 8 Virginia

buttonweedProstrate spurge Henbit and purple

deadnettle 9 Henbit/deadnettle Nutsedges Black medic10 Common

chickweedGoosegrass Yellow woodsorrel

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Dallisgrass Virginia

buttonweedNimblewill

2 Annual bluegrass Dichondra Bermudagrass 3 Virginia

buttonweedNutsedges Violets

4 Nimblewill Khakiweed Virginia buttonweed 5 Bermudagrass Slender aster Dallisgrass 6 Purple nutsedge Bahiagrass Common lespedeza 7 Wild garlic K. R. bluestem Quackgrass 8 Tufted lovegrass Dandelion Roughstalk bluegrass 9 Goosegrass Dallisgrass Cyperus and Kyllinga

sedges10 Broadleaf

signalgrassGoosegrass Goosegrass


424

Table 8. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Wheat._____________________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Alabama Florida Kentucky

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Mustards Cutleaf eveningprimrose Wild garlic 2 Annual ryegrass Virginia pepperweed Common chickweed 3 Cutleaf eveningprimrose Italian ryegrass Purple deadnettle 4 Wild radish Wild radish Henbit 5 Henbit Carpetweed Shepherdspurse 6 Chickweeds Corn spurry Common ragweed 7 Wild garlic Cudweeds Marestail 8 Virginia pepperweed Curly dock Italian ryegrass 9 Curly dock Wild garlic Philadelphia fleabane10 Little barley Henbit Mouseear chickweed

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Wild garlic Wild radish Italian ryegrass 2 Mustards Wild garlic Hairy chess 3 Wild radish Curly dock Cheat 4 Annual ryegrass Corn spurry Wild garlic 5 Chickweeds Cutleaf eveningprimrose Star-of-Bethlehem 6 Henbit Virginia pepperweed Curly dock 7 Little barley Italian ryegrass Cornflower 8 Curly dock Henbit Musk thistle 9 Virginia pepperweed Carpetweed Speedwells10 Cutleaf eveningprimrose Cudweeds Annual bluegrass


425

Table 8. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Wheat (continued)._____________________________________ States _____________________________________________

Ranking Louisiana North Carolina Oklahoma

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Henbit Common chickweed Cheat 2 Chickweeds Henbit Feral ryegrass 3 Annual bluegrass Italian ryegrass Common chickweed 4 Ryegrasses Wild garlic Henbit 5 Curly dock Wild mustard Cutleaf eveningprimrose 6 Buttercups Wild radish Mustards 7 Shepherdspurse Mouseear chickweed Field bindweed 8 Carolina foxtail Knawel Wild oat 9 Wild garlic Cornflower Jointed goatgrass10 Mustards Shepherdspurse Italian ryegrass

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Ryegrasses Italian ryegrass Feral ryegrass 2 Curly dock Wild garlic Italian ryegrass 3 Carolina geranium Henbit Cheat 4 Wild garlic Knawel Jointed goatgrass 5 Little barley Mouseear chickweed Downy brome 6 Pennsylvania

smartweedWild radish Japanese brome

7 Horseweed Curly dock Rescuegrass 8 Cutleaf

eveningprimroseSpeedwells Wild oat

9 Bittercresses Common chickweed Field bindweed10 * Corn gromwell Mustards


426

Table 8. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Wheat (continued)._________ State _________

Ranking Texas

Ten Most Common Weeds 1 Henbit 2 Flixweed/Tansy mustard 3 Wild oat 4 Bromus spp. 5 Annual ryegrass 6 Corn gromwell 7 Cutleaf eveningprimrose 8 Pepperweed 9 Kochia10 Prickly lettuce

Ten Most Troublesome Weeds 1 Field bindweed 2 Annual ryegrass 3 Jointed goatgrass 4 Wild oat 5 Kochia 6 Bromus spp. 7 Cutleaf eveningprimrose 8 Corn gromwell 9 Pepperweed10 Red horned poppy

weed survey â€“ southern states 2004 grass crops subsection

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