Tuesday, August 20th

Wednesday, August 21st Bell Work: Please pick up a copy of the The 5 Most Important handout from the front table. Find your assigned seat and begin completing the worksheet. Daily Agenda:Bell Work: The 5 Most ImportantWord of the Day functionLecture: Reconstruction EraSFI ReviewEssential Question: Why can Radical Reconstruction be seen as both a success and failure?Homework: Study for Unit 5 Test (Tomorrow)Complete the following analogy for the mathematical term function.

Function : Numbers :: Recipe : __________ Analogy Wednesday, August 21, Block 2Function a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function).)

Function : Numbers :: Recipe : IngredientsA function needs numbers to solve the problem like a recipe needs ingredients to bake a cake.

Function a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function).

Analogy Wednesday, August 21, Block 2

Create a caption for this picture using the word function! Remember, a caption is a message beneath a picture that adds more information.

Create a Caption Wednesday, August 21, Block 4Function a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function).

Spheres go in and rectangular prisms come out. That is what functions are all about.

Function a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function). (Possible Answer)Create a Caption Wednesday, August 21,Block 4

Reconstruction EraHealing a Nation and Moving ForwardIf there is any stain on the present Administration, it is that they have been weak enough to deal too leniently with those traitors. I know it sprung from goodness of heart; it sprung from the best of motives; but, sir, as a method of putting down this rebellion, mercy to traitors is cruelty to loyal men. Look into the seceded States, and see thousands of loyal men there coerced into their armies to run the hazard of their lives, and placed in the damnable position of perjured traitors by force of arms.-- Benjamin Wade, Speech to the Senate, April 1862Would Wade have been considered a radical or a moderate? Explain your answer.What to do with the South?What is the political and legal status of the former Confederate States when the war ends?

Lincolns Ten Percent plan easyCongress tried their own with the Wade-Davis Bill harderLincoln killed it with a pocket veto.What is a pocket veto?Lincolns Ten Percent plan was going to be used until Ford Theatre.New President Andrew Johnson was going to go with Lincolns plan, but upset the Radical Republicans.

If you could extend the elective franchise to all persons of color who can read the Constitution of the United States in English and write their names and to all persons of color who own real estate valued at not less than two hundred and fifty dollars and pay taxes thereon, and would completely disarm the adversary. This you can do with perfect safety. And as a consequence, the radicals, who are wild upon negro franchise, will be completely foiled in their attempts to keep the Southern States from renewing their relations to the Union. -- Andrew Johnson, letter to Mississippi Gov. William Sharkey, June 1865Based on this quote, what were Johnsons views about giving freedmen voting rights? Do you believe Johnsons views about voting rights for freedmen were common? Why or why not?Radical ReconstructionSo Radical Republicans take overLed byThaddeus Stevens (PA)Charles Sumner (Mass)Remember him?With Brooks?In 1866 they had 2/3 majority in Congress.Passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867Johnson vetoed, but overriddenMade Military districts

End of SlaveryOfficially ended with the 13th AmendmentBut the South then passed Black Codes.What is the difference between Black Codes and slavery?The Congress then passed the Civil Rights Act (1866) over Johnsons veto.Soon after passed the 14th Amendment.Civil RightsNo discrimination of race, creed, or colorAlso rules for southern states to rejoin Union.

IMPEACHMENTPresident Johnson had vetoed many pieces of legislation.The Radical Republicans set up a trap:Tenure in Office Act President could not remove cabinet officers without 2/3 vote of Senate.Sec. of War Edwin Stanton was fired and the House drew up Impeachment charges against Johnson.In 1868, after a 3-month trial in Senate, Johnson was one vote short of being removed from office.(Who is the only other President to be Impeached?)

It was pretended at the time and it has since been asserted by historians and publicists that Mr. Johnson's Reconstruction policy was only a continuation of that of Mr. Lincoln. This is true only in a superficial sense, but not in reality. Mr. Lincoln had indeed put forth reconstruction plans which contemplated an early restoration of some of the rebel states. But he had done this while the Civil War was still going on, and for the evident purpose of encouraging loyal movements in those States and of weakening the Confederate State government there. Had he lived, he would have as ardently wished to stop bloodshed and to reunite as he ever did. But is it to be supposed for a moment that, seeing the late master class in the South intent upon subjecting the freedmen again to a system very much akin to slavery, Lincoln would have consented to abandon those freemen to the mercies of that master class?-- Carl Schurz, excerpt from his autobiography, 1906 In your view, is Schurz sympathetic to Johnson or critical of him? Explain your answer.Freedmens BureauThe Freedmens Bureau was established in 1865 to assist the newly freed slaves.At first had authority to give them confiscated farmlands.40 acres and a mule ideaStopped when President Johnson pardoned Confederates and they got their land back.But most of the success came in the establishment of schools and hospitals throughout the south (and some reuniting of families)

The Lay of a Freedman - Staunton Spectator (Sept. 1865)Ise Free! Ise Free! de 'pfessor's yoke,De sword am cut in two,And darfore white men let me spoke,For Ise as free as you.

From massa, Oberseer and Lash,Ise free as you 'em aware,Ise free--to sleep in swamp and marsh--Ise free--to feed on Air.

De yankee Preachers preach to kill,Dey squench the Spirits thirst;I wish dare Bread of Life would fillDe empty stummuck fust.

Dey talk about De Promised land,Wiv milk and honey flowing,But when I reaches out de hand,Dar's no setch rations going.

Ise free to work for Daily Bread,And butter if I can,"And dis," de white man says to Ned,"Dis is to be a man!"

I s'pose it am; I bress de LordDat Linkum guv me free!But nebberd'less its berry hard,To starve on Liberty. How do you feel the author of the Staunton Spectator source would have viewedthe impact and importance of the Freedmens Bureau legislation? How he might have viewed the law and Freedmens Bureau if he had been asked to write a letter to the editor of the Staunton Spectator, or if he had been asked to testify before Congress as the government considered the Freedmens Bureau bill.Southern Politics during ReconstructionScalawags white southerners who joined RepublicansMainly small farmersCarpetbaggers Northerners who moved southBad reputation because of someThe new freedmen, Scalawags, and Carpetbaggers formed Republican majorities in many southern states around 1870. Hiram Revels 1st black U.S. Senator Blanche Bruce - 2ndAs more Democrats regained the right to vote and intimidation took over, they lost power.

Southern Economy in ReconstructionEconomy in ruins after the war.Confederate bonds worthlessPhysical damage - $100 million in GA and SC aloneProperty values much lowerCotton prices lower (India, Egypt now in world market)Sharecropping and Tenant Farming develop.Bourbon Rule (land) rich still had most of the powerHenry Grady Atlanta Constitution change southern economy

Based on what is visible in the source, how is the Ku Klux Klan represented? According to the source, how does the Klan enforce or execute its will or practice?

What is the caption at the bottom of the source? What sort of inference can youmake from the caption about the cartoonists view of the Democratic Party?IntimidationKu Klux Klan started out against Republican rule in the south.Nathan Bedford Forrest founder, but later denounced it.White Camellia Knights another radical groupEnforcement Acts and President Grant helped put the KKK downWould come back later in the 1920sIda B. Wells would lead an anti-lynching campaign in the late 1800s

Reconstruction in NorthGilded Age Politics notorious for corruptionGrants Presidency:Credit Mobilier scandal involving railroads skimming off the topWhiskey Ring, Navy Ring, Indian RingPanic of 1873Railroad speculation (bubble) cause banking crisesWaving the Bloody Shirt Republican use it to unite partyPeople in North grew tired of ReconstructionSocial Darwinism idea in business, but also with races

RedemptionAmnesty Act of 1872 left only the top 500 confederate unable to serveDemocrats would take back over governmentyellow-dog democratsElection of 1876Rep Rutherford B. HayesDem Samuel TildenTilden had the most votes, but 3 states were in question for fraud

Compromise of 1877Hayes wins and military reconstruction ends

In the source, what do you believe the phrase Tilden If By Blood means?

What does the author note about Hayes and Wheeler?The New SouthLost Cause looking back to old southRedeemer Governments South is democratically controlled until after World War IIJim Crow Laws Segregation lawsas the army marched out, Jim Crow marched inPlessy v. Ferguson (1896) Supreme Court supported separate by equal doctrine (legally allowed segregation)Atlanta Compromise speech by Booker T. Washingtonaccepting of segregation, idea of self-help with education and skills

Clicker ReviewPlease come grab a clicker from the front table and return to your seat.The idea of Fifty-four Forty or Fight applied to what area?0 of 30

OregonTexasCubaCaliforniaCanada

Response GridAnswer NowThe United States tried to acquire what area with the Ostend Manifesto?

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OregonAlaskaCubaSant FeTexas

Response GridAnswer NowWhat candidate won the 1844 election on the issue of expansion in Oregon and Texas?

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Henry ClayJames BirneyWilliam H. HarrisonZachary TaylorJames Polk

Response GridAnswer NowIn what 1800s Treaty did the U.S. and Britain discuss the idea of jointly building a canal in Central America?

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Webster-Ashburton TreatyClayton-Bulwer TreatyAdams-Onis TreatyTreaty of Guadalupe HidalgoTreaty of Paris, 1848

Response GridAnswer NowWho was not a part of the Texas fight for independence?

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Sam HoustonJohn FremontDavy CrockettWilliam TravisJames Bowie

Response GridAnswer NowParticipant Scores0Participant 10Participant 20Participant 30Participant 40Participant 5What was proposed that said that any lands acquired in the Mexican War were forbidden to have slaves?

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Goliad ProclamationGadsden PurchaseBloody Spot ResolutionWilmot ProvisoGuadalupe Hidalgo Treaty

Response GridAnswer NowWhat was not an effect of the Mexican War?

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Response GridAnswer NowTexas became free of MexicoSlavery was the main issue in the U.S.Lands in Southwest now controlled by U.S.Trained soldiers to fight for Civil WarU.S. paid $15 million for Mexican CessionThe idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following beliefs EXCEPT:

0 of 30Commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base.The use of land for settled agriculture was preferable to its use for nomadic hunting.Westward expansion was both inevitable and beneficial.God had selected America as a chosen land and people.The ultimate extent of the American domain was to be from the tropics to the Artic.

Response GridAnswer NowIn 1893 historian Frederick Jackson Turner expressed his belief that the American frontier

0 of 30had little impact on the development of the American characterwould continually be of benefit to Americans because it would never endhindered the growth of American democracywas a vital factor in the development of American values, particularly the spirit of democracywas of no importance

Response GridAnswer NowThe incident between Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner in 1856 proved that

slavery would result in war if compromises were not enacted between the North and Southsectional violence had spread to the Kansas territorysectional violence had spread to the floor of Congressthe violence that occurred during Bleeding Kansas would be repeated in other territoriesthe Constitution was not meant to include African-American slaves

Response Grid0 of 30Participant Scores0Participant 10Participant 20Participant 30Participant 40Participant 5Why did non-slaveholding southerners support the slave system?

Response Gridsome hoped to be slaveholdersthey readily accepted the racist assumptions of slaverythey feared what freed slaves might doas long as slaves were in the social order, poor whites were not at the bottom of the social pyramidall of the aboveThe Supreme Courts decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed the

Response Grid0 of 30Missouri CompromiseFugitive Slave ActOstend ManifestoWilmot ProvisoEleventh Amendment The concept of popular sovereignty involves

Response Gridsquatters rights to free land in the Westthe open sale of land in the Mexican cessionremoval of Native Americans from the Great Plainsthe enforcement of fugitive slave lawsterritorial citizens choosing to be slave or free0 of 30The Souths decision to secede from the Union was

precipitated by the election of Lincoln to the presidencyexpressly permitted under the U.S. Constitutionquietly allowed by Republicansjoined immediately by most southern statesled by Stephen Douglas

Response Grid0 of 30Who was the radical abolitionist was wrote his views in The Liberator and involved women in his fight against slavery?

Response Grid0 of 30John BrownWilliam Lloyd GarrisonSojourner TruthFrederick DouglasHarriet Beecher StoweParticipant Scores0Participant 10Participant 20Participant 30Participant 40Participant 5Who successfully pushed through both the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Response GridJohn C. CalhounHenry ClayJefferson DavisFranklin PierceStephen Douglas0 of 30In the presidential election of 1860

Response GridAbraham Lincoln won a majority of both the electoral and popular votesthe House of Representatives needed to choose the winner, as no candidate received a majority of electoral votesTennessean John Bell carried most of the Southern states Lincoln's name did not even appear on a number of Southern state ballotsthe Democratic Party's Northern and Southern leadership supported the candidacy of Stephen DouglasWho came up with a 3-part plan to defeat the Confederacy in the Civil War?

Response GridRobert E. LeeAbraham LincolnThomas Stonewall JacksonGeorge McClellanWinfield Scott0 of 30President Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation after what battle?

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ShilohGettysburgVicksburgAppomattoxAntietamWho would lead the march to the sea and idea of total war?

Response GridUlysses S. GrantWilliam T. ShermanRobert E. LeeGeorge McClellanThomas Stonewall Jackson0 of 30Participant Scores0Participant 10Participant 20Participant 30Participant 40Participant 5Northern Democrats that were against the war were known as

Response Grid

0 of 30CopperheadsCarpetbaggersScallywagsBilly YanksJohnny RebsWhich was not an advantage of the Union in the beginning of the Civil War?

Response GridRailroad mileageLiquid assets in BanksInfrastructure of governmentManufacturing capabilitiesFighting on own land0 of 30The suspension of habeas corpus in 1861

was authorized by Congress, not President Lincolnillustrates the growth of presidential power during the Civil Warapplied throughout the entire Unionwas not challenged by the Supreme Courtonly resulted in the arrest of a few Confederate sympathizers in Maryland

Response Grid0 of 30Which two battles, occurring in the same week of 1863, proved to be significant victories for Union forces in the western and eastern theaters of the Civil War?

Petersburg and AtlantaBull Run and AntietamVicksburg and GettysburgChickamauga and GettysburgFt. Henry and Fredericksburg

Response Grid0 of 30Participant Scores0Participant 10Participant 20Participant 30Participant 40Participant 5Reflection QuestionsWhat would be some lasting effects on the South of Reconstruction?What could Abraham Lincoln have done differently if he had been President during Reconstruction?Why did the north tire of Reconstruction?How did Reconstruction set the stage for the next 100 years in the United States?What are the three Reconstruction amendments and what do each of them do?