webinar the theory and operation of pressure reducing regulators

8/12/2019 Webinar the Theory and Operation of Pressure Reducing Regulators

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Introduction to Regulator


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Agenda

Pressure Reducin Re ulator O eratin Princi le

Balance of Forces

Sensing Elements

.


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Operating Principle

The function of aPressure Reducing Regulatorre uc ng regu a

reduce a pressu

kee this ressu

constant as poss

the inlet pressure.


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Operating Principle

As compreof springincreases,

pusheddownwardsthe regulatoThe sensor(diaphragm oropenspiston) balances

the spring forceand pressureforces LOW

The poppetHIGHPRESSURE


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Balance of ForcesI

F

(InlP

Loading

Force

(Spring Force)

SensingElement


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Balance of Forces

F1 = Loading Force

F2 = Inlet Spring Force

F3 = Outlet Pressure Force

F4 = Inlet Pressure Force

InternalLoading


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Two Types of Sensing Elements


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Diaphragm vs. Piston Sensing

Diaphragm Piston Sen

Greater sensitivity

Choice of material

Higher outl

Less sensit


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Soft Seat vs. Hard Seat

Soft Seat Ha


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Regulator with Soft Seat


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Regulator with Hard Seat


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Creep

An increase in outlet pressure typically caused by rseat leakage.

E

Creep

E

Creep

ET P

RESS

U

ET P

RESS

U

OUTL

OUTL

TIME


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Loading Mechanisms3 TYPES


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Spring-Loaded Regulators

s


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Spring-Loaded Regulators

s


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Spring-Loaded Pressure Regulator


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Spring-Loaded Regulator Flowcurves


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Dome-Loaded Regulators

Fd > F


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Dome-Loaded Pressure Regulator


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Dynamic Control


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Dome-Loaded Regulator Flowcurves


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Dome-Loading

with External Feedback to Main


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Improving the Flow Curve


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Dome-Loaded with Feedback to Pilot


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Combination Spring- and Dome-Loaded

The Spring-and Dome-Loaded

combination with one another toprovide the function of a

.

The regulator is designed to

control pressure which is thesum of a reference pressure(provided by the dome) and abias ressure rovided b the

spring).


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Differential Pressure Regulator

Load Spring

Dome-Loading

Chamber

Control Pressure =

Spring Force + Dom


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Differential Pressure Regulator Application

Pressure in seal

pump 15 psig higherDifferentia

Reference pressure from pu

.at 15 psig

In2


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Regulator Terminology

Lock-up

Seat Load Drop Supply Pressure Effect


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Lockup

An increase in outlet pressure that occurs as the flodecreased to zero.

Lockup


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Supply Pressure Effect

Supply Pressure Effect (SPE):

The effect on the set ressure of a ressure reducin

regulator as a result of a change in inlet pressure,experienced as an increase in outlet pressure due.


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SPE in Action

For example, save a regu a

SPE = 1% of tpressure cha


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SPE in Action

n e

3600 to 2600 =

1% of 1000 s

Poutlet increase

1. Upstream pressuredecreases as

2 Dow(50 psig)(3600 psig )


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SPE in Action

Pinlet

decrease

3600 to 1600 =

o ps

Poutlet increase1. Upstream pressuredecreases ascylinder is depleted

2 Dow(50 psig)(3600 psig)


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So how do we help manage SPE?

Two-sta e Pressure Reductionor

o y e con ro ngh i


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Two-Stage Pressure Reduction


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Balanced vs. Unbalanced Poppet Design

+

Balancing reduces the area on which Pinlet acts.

Advantages: -Less sensitivity to Supply Pressure Effect


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Balanced Poppet


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Swagelok Regulator Resources

Regulator Specific Website

http://www.swagelok.com/CAregulatorsolutions/

Regulator Reference Guide

Local Swagelok Distributors

Edmonton Valve & Fitting Inc.

780.437.0640

Swagelok Grande Prairie

780.538.4280

Calgary Valve & Fitting403.243.5646

Swagelok Central Canada

(Winnipeg)

204.633.4446

Columbia Valve & Fitting Ltd.(Vancouver)

604.629.9355

webinar the theory and operation of pressure reducing regulators

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