The EnlightenmentWhat do you think the word Enlightenment means? Hint: Look at the root of the word- Enlightenment.

What does it mean to shed light on an idea?

What does it mean to enlighten someone?

_________________________ was a European movement when thinkers attempted to apply reason to all parts of society.

New Ideas about __________________

“A government’s power comes from the ________________ of the governed.”

What does consent mean?

New Ideas about the ___________________________________________

“The monarch exists to ____________ the state and ______________ the welfare of citizens.”

What did philosophers of the Enlightenment believe in?

1. __________________: Truth can be discovered through reason or logical thinking.

2. __________________: Nature is logical.

3. __________________: Happiness can be found on earth, not only in heaven.

4. __________________: Society and humans can improve.

5. __________________: People should be free.

Important Individuals

Review: Who’s Who? Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau

1. Humans are naturally selfish and wicked. __________________________2. Believed that the powers of government should be separated into different branches.

__________________________3. Criticized the clergy, wealthy classes, and government in his writing. ____________________________4. Supported tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech. _______________________5. Natural Rights Theory: Humans have the right to life, liberty, and property._______________________6. An absolute ruler is necessary to control the state and keep order. ___________________________7. Humans are naturally good, but are corrupted by civilization. ______________________________8. Social Contract Theory: People give up their rights to a ruler so that the ruler can keep

control.____________________________9. Humans can learn & improve. Humans are reasonable and have the ability to govern

themselves.____________________________10. Separate government branches would keep one individual or group from gaining too much power

(checks and balances)._________________________________11. The job of government is to protect the peoples’ rights. If it fails to do so, the people should overthrow

it.______________________________12. Government should be guided by the wishes of society (direct democracy). ______________________ 13. People give control to the government in exchange for a common good._________________________

Name:_______________________

Date:_________________

Block:_____________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________