1. What does the image to the right represent?

(a) the Mandate of Heaven(b) the caste system(c) samsara(d) the Dynastic Cycle

Name: Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT explain how the Warring States period led to the Hundred Schools of Thought

Do NowDirections: Answer the following questions based on your knowledge of history. Make sure to answer the questions by marking up the question and using legit POE on each answer choice. REMEMBER:

NT – not true NR – not relevant TS – too specific TG – too general

2. Which of the following is not true according to the Dynastic cycle? (a) The gods have the power to decide when a king’s rule should end(b) The Dynastic Cycle is a circle that explains the Mandate of Heaven and how kings

got overthrown.(c) There was usually chaos in between each leader’s rule (d) Kings usually only ruled for 2-3 years each

3. One geographical feature that hindered development in China was:(a) the Yangtze River (b) the Yellow River (c) The East China Sea coastline (d) the Gobi Desert

Explain: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

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4. One geographical feature that helped development in China was: (a) the Taklimakan Desert (b) the Himalayan Mountains (c) The Yellow River (d) plateaus

Explain: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

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5. ZO- Fact: Ancient Chinese dynasties believed rulers were replaced according to the Dynastic Cycle. (Choose sentence starter: This was important because, This mattered because, This was significant because, Without this, etc.)

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1. Philosophy (noun) -- N +

Definition: the study of the basic ideas about knowledge, truth, right and wrong, religion, and the nature and meaning of life

TRY IT OUT: If you took a class on philosophy, which of the following would you most likely study?

(a) How to go to heaven (b) The right way for people to live life(c) Counting the number of people who believe in certain religion(d) What makes a civilization advanced

Laozi (Lao-Tzu)Confucious (Kongzi)

Hanfeizi

Mengzi (Mencius)Mo Tzu

Xunzi

Sunzi (Sun Tzu) Shang Yang Li Si

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Historical Thinking Question: What was the impact of the Warring States period on Chinese society?Directions: Read and annotate the following document by making at least 4 margin notes and answer the questions that follow. The Warring States in ChinaSources: Encyclopedia Britannica, 2017 CE, World History, Burstein & Shek, 2012 CE, History Alive!, Wendy Frey, 2011 CE

The End of the Zhou DynastyLike the Shang, the Zhou did not have a strong

central government. Kings put people with family ties or other trusted people in charge of regions. This type of government was known as feudalism or the Well-field system. Those local rulers, or lords, owed loyalty and military service to the king. In return, the king promised to help protect their lands. As their towns became cities, the lords grew stronger. More groups came under their rule. The lords became less dependent on the king. They began to fight among themselves and with other peoples. The lands they added to their control expanded Chinese territory.

Invasion of Chinese lands was a constant theme in Chinese history. After 800 B.C., nomads from the north and west invaded China. As the lords’ loyalty to the Zhou king lessened, many refused to fight against invasions. In 771 B.C., invaders destroyed the capital city of Hao. According to legend, the king had been lighting warning fires to entertain a friend. Each time the fires were lit, the king’s armies would rush to the capital gates to protect him. When the real attack came, the men thought the fires were just another joke, and no one came. The Zhou lost the battle and the king was killed. The dynasty survived because the king’s family escaped to Luoyang and set up a new capital.

Fighting Between Feudal Lords & Within FamiliesAfter this defeat the lords began to fight each other. By 481 BCE, China had

entered an era called the Warring States period, a time of many civil wars. Armies grew. Fighting became brutal and cruel as soldiers fought for territory, not honor.

The decline of the Zhou took place along with important changes in the Chinese family structure. For many centuries the family had been the foundation of life in China. Large families of several generations formed powerful groups. When these families broke apart, they lost their power. Close relatives became rivals.

Bonds of loyalty even weakened within small families, especially among the upper classes. Sons plotted against each other over inheritances. A wealthy father sometimes tried to maintain peace by dividing his and among his sons. But this created new problems. Each son could build up his wealth and then challenge his brothers. Some sons even killed their own fathers. During the warring states period, China lacked a strong government to stop the power struggles within the ruling-class families. Chinese society fell into a period of disorder.

The Hundred Schools of Thought

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During this time, Chinese society experienced much disorder. Warlords and kings fought with each other to gain control of lands. So much instability led the Chinese to ask important questions about human nature and the best way for rulers to govern. Scholars wondered what it would take to bring peace to the land. Often wandering from state to state in search of permanent employment, the scholars or shi, worked as tutors to the children of the princes and as advisers to various state governments. Ambitious rulers hired scholars to advise them on how to create order and increase their power.

So many ideas were offered that the Chinese later called them the “Hundred Schools of Thought.” The three most influential schools of thought that emerged were Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. Each of these philosophies had a major influence on Chinese culture.

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Directions: Answer the following questions based on your knowledge of history. Make sure to answer the questions by marking up the question and using legit POE on each answer choice. REMEMBER:

NT – not true NR – not relevant TS – too specific TG – too general

1. Which of the following best defines the government of the late Zhou dynasty?a. A time of great prosperity and achievementb. A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one personc. A power or law believed to be granted by heavend. A system of government based on landowners and tenants

2. Which of the following best defines the period known as the Time of the Warring States?

a. The merging of Chinese government and cultureb. A military blockade and attack on a city to force it to surrenderc. A large territory in which several groups of people are ruled by a single leader or

government d. A period of military struggle between feudal lords

3. In one sentence, explain why this period was called the “Warring States Period?”

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4. What major change occurred within Chinese families at the end of the Zhou dynasty?

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5. What was the role of the shi in Chinese society?a. A scientist who studies human development and cultureb. A craftsperson who made beautiful artwork to sell to the wealthyc. A person who studies ideas about right and wrong, and the best way to governd. A person who gives up worldly pleasures

6. In one sentence, explain why this period was called the “Hundred Schools of Thought?”

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Historical Thinking Question: What was the impact of the Warring States period on Chinese society?

Historical Thinking Question:

Guided Discourse Norms:1. Track the speaker2. Use Habits of Discussion3. Support your comments using evidence from the document4. Capture discussion notes in the space provided

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Name: Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT explain how the stability of the Shang Dynasty led to cultural advances..

Exit Ticket

Historical Thinking Question: What was the impact of the Warring States period on Chinese society?

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RubricMy Grade Teacher’s

GradeA Answers question and shows how or why ______/2 ______/2N/E Provides context, names key historical term and

explains meaning______/2 ______/2

ZI/ZO Explains the author’s claim and connects back to the prompt.

______/4 ______/4

C Wraps up paragraph by asking “so what?” ______/2 ______/2U4_L6 10

Final Score: ______/10

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NOTES: Unit 4 Lesson 2: The Warring States PeriodThe Warring States Period (402 BCE - 201 BCE)

• Warfare broke out between ____________ at the end of Zhou dynasty

– Led to period of upheaval and chaos• Strong family ties are broken because of Feudal

______________ System (Zhong zi)– Only the _______ son could inherit land– Led to families ____________ against one another

• People began to think about the best way to restore:– Social order– Harmony – ____________________________

• Scholars were known as ______________ or shi who travelled the country advising feudal lords

• The three most famous philosophers were:– Confucious who created _____________– Hanfeizi who created _____________– Laozi who created _____________

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Source: “Philosophy” Encyclopedia

Philosophy is the study of the general and fundamental nature of reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The Ancient Greek word philosophia was probably coined by Pythagoras and literally means "love of wisdom" or "friend of wisdom.”

Philosophy is very similar to religion since they both have beliefs about how to live life, however the two are not the same. Philosophies hold beliefs about the world and how to live life, but do not hold beliefs about god(s) or the afterlife. Additionally, a philosophy has followers who beliefs in the philosophy’s idea, but these people do not meet in an organized and regular way, like people do when they are in the same religious group. Finally, philosophies do not have the rituals such as baptism, mummification, prayer, or asking forgiveness of sins that religions often have.

Name: HOMEWORK Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT explain how the stability of the Shang Dynasty led to cultural advances.

1. Which best summarizes what a philosophy is?

(a) A belief about god(s)(b) A study of human existence(c) When the Zhou Dynasty was taken over by the Qin Dynasty(d) When Buddhism and Hinduism were fighting for control of China

2. Which of the following is not a difference between philosophy and religion?(a) Religions have organized groups of people who meet regularly, philosophies do not(b) Religions have beliefs about the afterlife, philosophies do not(c) Religions practice rituals such as baptism, philosophies do not(d) Religions have beliefs about how to live, philosophies do not

3. Is Hinduism a philosophy or religion? Explain how you know._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Of the following 3 philosophical questions, which do you find most interesting? Explain.

What is the meaning of life? What makes things right or wrong? What do we know for certain?

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Central Idea:

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China’s Warring Period (475-221 BCE)The 250 years between 475 and 221 BC is called the Warring States Period because the region of the Zhou Dynasty was divided between 8 states. These states had frequent wars until 221 BC when Qin conquered them all.The fighting was sometimes fierce. Some kings were fighting to survive or retain power, and some wanted more power and territory. The Qin rulers generally wanted to conquer all the others.The dominant philosophy of the Qin rulers was Legalism, and their philosophy justified harsh control, forced labor, and subservience to the emperor. They used their manpower for big construction projects that allowed them to field and supply big armies, and they were ruthless in war and in peacetime too.As the states warred, dominant philosophies and religions of Daoism, Legalism, Confucianism, and Moism emerged in the region and were spread by the surviving states.

1. Do you agree that Legalism was the best philosophy to bring peace to ancient China? Why or why not?

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2. The Warring Period was a time of fierce fighting, all for the sake of power. Why do you think humans (today and in the past) are willing to do almost anything for power? Explain.__________________________________________________________________________________________

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