Name: _________________________________

Below is the plan for the unit on the Civil War. Lessons/assignments are subject to change, but this should give every student an idea on what to expect in the coming days!

U ni t : C i v i l W a r Pa r t 1Date Lesson/Topic/Assignment What is due?Day one: Compromises & Conflicts Reading & Questions

Notes: Causes of C.W. (Abolitionist-South View of Slavery)

Activity: Causes Project

Compromises & Conflict Reading & Questions

Causes Project: Abolitionist-Slave Revolts & Reactions

Day two: Causes Vocab: Abolitionist-Nat Turner(1-7) Notes: Causes of C.W. (MO Comp-Dred Scott

Decision) Activity: Causes Project

Causes Vocab: #1-7 Causes Project: MO Comp-Scott

Decision

Day three: Causes Vocab: MO Compromise-Roger Taney (8-17)

Notes: Causes of C.W. (Debates-Secession) Activity: Causes Project Finish Causes Vocab

Causes Vocab: #8-17 Causes Project: Election 1860

Day four: Quiz: Causes Vocab C.W. Part 2 Packet

Causes Project completed C.W. Pt1 Packet due Causes Vocab Quiz

Unit Questions: Each answer must be a paragraph long (3-5 sentences)1. Compare and Contrast the North and South United States in the early 1800s.

2. Explain the impact that abolitionists had on slavery, specifically citing examples from at least three of the following people: William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Harriet Tubman, John Brown

3. As westward expansion began to occur, explain the impact of the acts and compromises that attempted to keep the country together (as well as helped to tear it apart).

4. Explain the impact on the Dred Scott Decision with slavery.

Causes of the Civil War Vocabulary1. Abolitionist

2. Frederick Douglass

3. Harriet Beecher Stowe

4. Harriet Tubman

5. William Lloyd Garrison

6. Gabriel Prosser

7. Nat Turner

8. Missouri Compromise

9. Compromise of 1850

10. Fugitive Slave Act

11. Popular Sovereignty

12. Kansas-Nebraska Act

13. Republican Party

14. Bleeding Kansas

15. John Brown

16. Dred Scott Case

17. Roger Taney

18. Lincoln-Douglass Debates

19. Harper’s Ferry

20. Election of 1860

21. Secede/secession

22. South Carolina

23. Confederate States of America

24. Jefferson Davis

25. Abraham Lincoln

Compromises & Conflicts Leading to Civil War

Part One – Compromises & Differences

Alright, gang. You know all about how and why the U.S. expanded—how, in 1803, Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling our nation’s size. And how Sam Houston led the Texans the Mexican Army (Remember the Alamo!!!!), defeating Santa Anna and his men, gaining Texas its independence, which soon became a state. Yes, I’m sure you all remember that. And how this led to the Mexican-American War, where General Zachary Taylor led American troops to victory over Mexico, gaining California and New Mexico territories (that made up several states). I mean, I did such a great job teaching y’all that, how could you POSSIBLY forget it?

The Missouri Compromise: Nor can you forget the 1820 Missouri Compromise, dividing the U.S. into two halves—the North and South. From this compromise, all states north of the line would become free states, with the exception of Missouri. All the states south of the line would be slave states. To even out the number of slave states to free-states, Maine would be added as a free state. This compromise would serve well for a couple of decades.

Sectional Differences (tariffs): As the U.S. gained more land, however, the division between the North and the South became even more apparent. First, there was the issue of tariffs. A tariff is a high tax on an imported good (goods that come from other countries). In the North, they were all about industry. They had many factories up there and produced many things to sell throughout the country. They loved high tariffs – with high tariffs, they would not face any foreign competition (example: if a northern factory made t-shirts, and so did Great Britain, a high tariff on a Britain-made shirt would make that shirt more expensive; therefore you’d buy the American one). The South, however, opposed high tariffs. The exported a lot of products (mainly cotton) and by placing high tariffs on foreign products, other countries would do the same to them. Tariffs, however, were only a part of the tensions that developed between the North and the South.

Land, and the Compromise of 1850: Land was the bigger issue. Specifically, California, which we gained from Mexico (Mexican-American War), but what type of state should it become? Slave? Free? Well, you’d obviously go the Missouri Compromise on this, right? Problem was, the Missouri Compromise line went straight through California—half the state was over the line, half was under the line. So should it be a slave state or free state, people argued. In 1850, a new idea was established—popular sovereignty (and yes, you better know this word!). Basically, this meant that the issue of slavery wouldn’t even be discussed for a while. Just let people move into California. And when it becomes large enough to become a state, the people can vote on if it becomes a slave state or free-state. Well, it decided to become a free state. The South was not happy about this, because it upset the balance of slave-to-free states. A couple of guys, Henry Clay and Daniel Webster, organized the Compromise of 1850. This stated that California would become a free state. In exchange, however, the other territories acquired by the U.S. during the Mexican-American War must be allowed “popular sovereignty” to decide (most of which were presumed to become slave states). Additionally, it called for the Fugitive Slave Law—any slaves that escaped from the South seeking refuge in the North must be returned. This was strictly enforced. Although the Compromise of 1850 created a temporary solution, nobody was really happy. The South lost control of California and there were suddenly more free states than there were slave states. And the North were OUTRAGED by the Fugitive Slave Law.

Part two – Abolitionist & Violence

The Rise of the Abolitionists: You see, during this time, abolitionists began to speak out against slavery (an abolitionist is one who is against slavery). Among them were New England born William Lloyd Garrison, who wrote a newsletter called “The Liberator.” (Liberate means ‘to free’). In this, Garrison spoke out harshly against slavery and its evils and demanded the emancipation (freeing) of slaves. In addition, former slave Frederick Douglass spoke out against slavery as well. As Garrison, Douglass, and other abolitionists began to speak out, people in the North began to listen. When the Fugitive Slave Law was enacted, people in the north did NOT want to return the slaves. Additionally, the northerners did not want any more slave states!

The Kansas-Nebraska Act and a time of Violence: That’s when the Kansas-Nebraska Act came. In 1854, these two territories were to become states. By this time, Popular Sovereignty was the new idea, and the Missouri Compromise was basically thrown out. People of the states would decide whether they would be free or enslaved. In Nebraska, there was never any doubt—it would be a free state. But Kansas was in question. Knowing that it would be close, pro-slavery citizens (people who supported slavery) from the next-door neighbor state of Missouri, flooded across Kansas’s borders and voted for slavery. Once it was established as a slave state, they returned to Missouri. Angered by this, many abolitionists and anti-slavery citizens poured into the state of Kansas. Fighting between the two groups (anti-slavery and pro-slavery citizens) became common, and this area became known as “Bleeding Kansas.” John Brown, a huge abolitionist, led a group of men called the ‘Free-Soil Militia’ in an assault along a Kansas River, where he and his four sons hacked five defenseless settlers to death with sabers. For this, he was considered a hero by many in the North; a villain by those in the South, and the country came closer and closer to a Civil War

The Dreaded Dred Scott Decision: And then, in 1857, the Dred Scott disaster happened, in which the U.S. Supreme Court weighed in on slavery. Dred Scott was a slave of John Emerson of Missouri. Well, Emerson, an army surgeon, was transferred to a northern state, which was free. He brought Scott with him. When Emerson died, his wife moved back to the South. Scott refused to go, saying that his owner was passed away and he was in a free state, that he should be given freedom. He then went on to sue for his freedom. He should have it, right? Well, not according to Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Taney, who by the way, was a slave-holding southerner. His ruling was that since Scott was a slave, he was property and not a citizen, and property could not sue! Then, he went on to say that people are guaranteed the rights of life, liberty, and property through the Constitution, and that if Dred Scott was property, then he could not be taken away! So, basically he used the Bill of Rights—which guarantees human rights—against Dred Scott! Crazy!!!!

Oh, the Northerners were outraged. Abolitionists were outraged. Southerners were thrilled with the decision. Through the various acts of Congress and abolitionists, the North and South became more and more divided—and a Civil War seemed so inevitable.

Name: _________________________________ Compromises & Conflicts Leading to Civil War, questionsPart one: Compromises & Differences

1. What two halves did the Missouri Compromise divide the U.S. into? ____________________2. All states North of line would be what? _____________________3. Which state North of the line was the exception? _______________________4. All states South of the line would be what? ____________________________5. Why was Maine added as a free state? ____________________________________________________6. What are tariffs? _____________________________________________________________________7. Why did the North love tariffs? __________________________________________________________ 8. Who opposed high tariffs? ____________________9. What was the bigger issue other than tariffs? __________________________10. What state was the Compromise of 1850 specifically concerned about? _________________________11. What was the problem with the Missouri Compromise when it came to California? ________________

____________________________________________________________________________________12. What is popular sovereignty? ____________________________________________________________13. Did California become a free or slave state? __________ Why was the south so made about it? ______

____________________________________________________________________________________14. What two guys organized the Compromise of 1850? _________________________________________15. According to the Compromise of 1850 what would California be? ___________ What territories would

be allowed popular sovereignty? _________________________________________ What was the Fugitive Slave Law? ____________________________________________________________________

Part two: Abolitionists & Violence16. What is an abolitionist? ________________________________________________________________17. What did abolitionist begin to do during this time? _________________________________________18. Who was the New England born abolitionist? ______________________What did he write? _________19. Who was the former slave who spoke out against slavery? ____________________________________20. By the time of the Kansas-Nebraska Act what was the new idea? ___________________________

What was basically thrown out? ______________________________ 21. Did Nebraska become a free or slave state? ___________________22. Who flooded Kansas to vote? _______________ Did Kansas become a free or slave state? __________

Who became angry by this and poured into Kansas? __________________________23. What did the fighting between pro-slavery & anti-slavery citizens become known as? ______________________24. Who was the abolitionist who led a group that hacked 5 men to death? _________________________________25. Explain who Dred Scott was and the events leading to the case? _______________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. What was he suing for? ______________________________27. Who was the Supreme Court Justice that ruled on the Dred Scott Decision? ______________________________ 28. What was his ruling? __________________________________________________________________________29. What document did Taney use against Scott? ________________________________30. Who was outraged by the decision? ____________________ Who was thrilled by it? ______________________

Causes of the Civil War_________________ MOVEMENT

• Abolitionist

people who spoke & acted out ______________ slavery

Both in the ___________ & ____________

• _______________ Douglas

Free blacks were _____________ out against slavery (early 1800’s)

Escaped __________ Frederick Douglass ____________ A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

• William Lloyd _______________

Publisher of The _________________

Antislavery _______________ published in New ______________

Newspaper that argued slavery was not ________________

• Harriet Beecher ____________ - “Uncle __________ Cabin”

Bestselling ___________ revealing horrors of Slavery to people in the ___________

Inflamed _______________ abolitionists & united much of North against ____________ (the cancer of ______________ society)

________________ South the North was out to ____________ their way of life

Emphasized ___________ equality & _______________ stance against slavery

“So this is the little lady that made this big war.” -Abraham ____________

• Underground __________________

Network of _____________ routes for _____________

Harriet ______________ “the Black ____________”

WOME’S _________________ MOVEMENT

• At the same time ______________ movement grew, another reform movement took root, to give equal rights to ______________

• ______________ ______________ Convention

Women’s ______________ convention in Seneca Falls, NY

Led by Elizabeth Cady ______________

• Both Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B ______________ were leaders of the women’s ______________ movement ______________ & ______________ the Civil War

SLAVE REVOLTS: Gabriel ___________ (1800) & Nat ___________ (1831) led slave __________ in Virginia

• ____________ blame ___________ for instigating revolts

• Revolts cause _____________ for Southerners

• New State laws passed as a ________ of the revolts

– _________ to educate blacks

– illegal for blacks to ___________

– ____________ ministers to be present at all __________ worship services

• Southern abolitionists were ________________ into silence

______________ VIEW ON _____________

• North __________________ horrors of _____________

• Slavery had been around since _______________ times

• Founding _____________ had slaves

• Spreading the ______________ to un-churched _____________

• Slaves were __________ cared for than Northern __________ workers

MISSOURI ____________________ 1820• _________________ added as slave state so…

• Maine added as __________ state to maintain ______________ of free & slave

• Compromise line drawn across ________________ Purchase – no new states ____________ of the line (except Missouri) could have slaves

COMPROMISE OF ________

• _______________ joined the Union as a free state

• Mexican _____________: Divided into two territories, New Mexico & Utah

– People in New ____________ & Utah would ________ to decide if their state would allow slavery - Popular ________________

• Sale of ____________ would be illegal in D.C.

• _______________ Slave Act

Federal law that ________________ must aid in the capture & return of ______________ slaves

_________-_____________ ACT of 1854

• Again the issue of _______________ states as slave or free

• Repeals _________________ Compromise line

• Gave ___________ & Nebraska _____________ Sovereignty

• __________ in violence throughout _____________ territory

RESULTS OF ______________-NEBRASKA ACT

• ____________ sovereignty causes a small war in Kansas

• “Border ___________” from ________ sides come to vote

• Violence breaks out

Abolitionist John __________ led 5 pro-slavery men from their homes & hacked them to death with ________________ (Pottawatomie Massacre)

• Creation of the ________________ Party

_______________ the spread of slavery Created in direct ________________ to slavery supporters Goals o Fight ___________ o ____________ Kansas-Nebraska Act o Repeal Fugitive ___________ Act

DIRECT CAUSES OF THE “SIVIL” WARSectionalismSpansion/SlaveryState’s RightsSupreme Court Decisions

_________________• North: Industrial Society

Pro-Tariffs b/c they could sell their products for more• _________: Agricultural Society

Against high tariffs because manufactured goods get more expensive

Westward ‘Spansion• North: Wanted new states to ____ have _________• South: Wanted new states to have ____________

State’s Rights• North: Believed the ________ was______________• South: South Carolina argued that states

are____________ and could _________

________ _________ DECISION:

• Supreme __________ Chief Justice Roger __________ rules on case

• Supreme Court rules _________ people from Africa are ______ protected by the Constitution

– they will _________ be U.S. citizens– ___________ may not sue in court– U.S. Congress can’t ___________ slavery in any ___________– Slaves _____________ be taken away from their owners w/o due process

(because they are _______________)

LINCOLN-______________ DEBATES• Series of _____ debates by presidential candidates Stephen A. ____________ & Abraham ___________

(both of _____________)

• _____________: popular sovereignty & majority rule

• Lincoln: opposed the spread of ____________ & supported ___________ rights

• Lincoln makes his famous “_________ __________” speech

JOHN BROWN’S RAID- ____________ FERRY

• John Brown, ______________ abolitionist, dedicates his life to ridding the world of slavery

• Bleeding Kansas Guy

• Leads a ________ on Harpers Ferry attempting to start a __________ uprising

• ______ slave uprising; John __________ and men are ___________

ELECTION OF 1860- ________________ ELECTION

• _______________ A. Douglas; ___________ Democrat

• Abraham Lincoln; ______________

• John C. Breckinridge; Southern ________________

• John __________; Constitutional Union

• Lincoln is elected President ____________ winning a single _____________ vote in the _____________ States

SECESSION

• South no longer felt _____________

• ___________ believed states entered __________ freely & could ___________ freely

• December 20, 1860, __________ _______________ officially seceded

• _______ other states of Lower South follow

• February _________— these states proclaimed themselves a new nation the Confederate States of America, or _____________________

• __________________ ___________ (former __________ from Mississippi) elected ________________ of the Confederacy

• Montgomery, AL. established as the ____________ (later moved to _________________, VA)

Causes Project- You choose!!!

Assignment: Create a booklet, a poster, a poem, or write a journal for each of the following terms:Abolitionists: William Lloyd Garrison/Liberator, Harriet Beecher Stowe/Uncle Tom’s Cabin, & Harriet Tubman/Underground Railroad; Slave Revolts & Reactions; Missouri Compromise; Popular Sovereignty; Compromise of 1850; Kansas-Nebraska Act & Bleeding Kansas; Sectionalism; Dred Scott Decision; Election of 1860

For booklet: one page for each + a cover; for Poster: one panel for each + a title; for a poem: one verse for each, each verse must contain 4-8 lines; for the journal: 2 pages; must include details on all of the words.

For each term: Must include a summary of what it was / how it impacted America and helped lead to the division between North and South

**This is worth 95 points**

Crossword Vocabulary- EXTRA CREDIT

Name: ____________________________

Period: _________________

Across

3. States in which slavery is illegal

4. An abolitionist newspaper edited by William Lloyd Garrison

5. To join a new territory to an existing country

6. Law making popular sovereignty policy in certain western territories

9. The largest slave revolt; occurred in Virginia

10. The government of the seceded American states

12. Fanatical abolitionist who led a raid on the south

13. A series of seven debates with slavery being the central issue

14. Court case stating that slaves were merely property

15. Disliking people not from America- nativism

16. To withdraw from the Union

17. States that were in-between the slave and free states

18. Law requiring Northerners to return run-away slaves to their owners

19. Compromise that eased the tension between slave states and free states

20. States in which slavery is legal

Down

1. The Compromise that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state

2. Citizens themselves making the decision regarding slavery

7. Best-selling anti-slavery book; authored by Harriet Beecher Stowe

8. Political party founded in the support of nativism- know nothing party

11. Movement to end slavery