Unit 5 Video Overview1750-1900

RevolutionsWatch each video and answer the questions.Your answers should be typed

in a different but reasonable font color.

5.1: The Enlightenment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfUX66SDBgw

1. Define the Enlightenment:

2. What was the emphasis of the Enlightenment?

3. Describe the origins of the Enlightenmenta. Empiricism

b. How did Empiricism differ from the old ways of gaining truth?

c. John Locke

d. What was an application of Locke’s ideas?

Enlightenment Ideas Applied to Economics4. What was the basis of Adam Smith’s economic ideas?

5. Describe Deism

6. How does Deism differ from traditional Christianity?

7. What is Conservatism?

Effects of Enlightenment8. Traditional View of Women-

9. Mary Wolstonecraft-

10. Seneca Falls Convention-

11. Impact on Abolition-

5.1 Summary

Explain what it means to say that philosophers reshaped the role that religion played in public life and emphasized the importance of reason.

Describe the new political ideas about the individual.

Describe the new political ideas about natural rights.

Describe the new political ideas about the social contract.

Describe how the enlightenment led to one particular revolution.

Describe how the enlightenment led to one particular reform movement.

5.2: Nationalism and Revolution5.2 Video 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7W9SlXU1rA

1. Describe how Enlightenment thought contributed to the Revolutions of the 18th century

American Revolution2. What were two causes of the American Revolution?

3. Explain two Enlightenment ideas in the Declaration of Independence.

French Revolution4. What was a main cause of France’s debt?

5. Estates General-

6. How did the organization of the Estates General contribute to dissatisfaction of the French People?

7. National Assembly-

8. Bastille-

9. Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen-

10. Reign of Terror-

Haiti11. What was Haiti’s connection to France?

12. Describe the social organization of Haiti

13. Toussaint L’Ouverture-

14. What is significant about the Haitian Revolution?

New Zealand15. New Zealand was taken over by the ___________________ in ___________ and

established dominance over the native people called the ______________________.

16. How did the Maori react?

17. What was the result of this reaction?

Latin America18. Describe the social hierarchy in Latin America

19. Why were creoles discontented?

20. What was Simon Bolivar’s role in this movement?

21. How did Bolivar’s Letter for Jamaica reflect Enlightenment ideas?

Nationalism22. Define Nationalism

23. How was Italy organized after the fall of Rome?

24. How did this change in 1848?

25. Who led the German Unification movement?

5.2 Video 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlUiSBXQHCw&feature=youtu.be1. How did the Seven Year War lead to the beginning of the American Revolution?

2. The year 1770 saw the ______________________________ and in _________ a bunch of colonists dumped a million dollars worth of tea into Boston Harbor in protest of British government decisions.

3. The Maryland Committee of Correspondence was instrumental in setting up the first __________________________________________ to coordinate a response to the fighting that started in 1775.

4. About ______ of colonists remained loyal to Great Britain throughout the war.

5. Why did many slaves continue to support the British?

6. What was truly “revolutionary” about the American Revolution?

7. What example did you find most hypocritical about the famous line in the Declaration of Independence that “…all men are created equal”?

8. The Enlightenment was primarily a celebration of humans’ ability to _______________ __________________________ the natural world through reason.

9. What do you believe was the greatest change to come out of the American Revolution? You can choose from one of John Green’s examples or create/explain your own.

5.2 Video 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTTvKwCylFY&feature=youtu.be1. By 1789, France was deeply in debt thanks to their funding the

________________________________________. King Louis XVI was spending ___________ of the federal budget to service the federal debt.

2. Basically, the peasants were ____________, the intellectuals were beginning to wonder whether God could or should ______ _______________, and the nobility were dithering about while failing to make meaningful ___________________________.

3. After Louis XVI sent troops to Paris to quell uprisings, the revolutionaries responded by seizing the _______________________ to free prisoners and steal guns. Later, they abolished most of the Ancient Regime in the name of writing a new ________________.

4. To many people at the time, the French Revolution was not about fancy Enlightenment ideas but rather mostly about _____________________ and a political system that made economic contractions hardest on the ___________.

5. How did France’s monarchical neighbors react to the revolution occurring?

6. Louis XVI’s fate was to undergo trial by the Assembly where he was found guilty and sentenced to death via _________________.

7. What characteristic of “the Terror” did you find most interesting?

8. A coup in 1779 established ____________________________ as the First Consul of France and granted him almost unlimited executive power and he declared the Revolution over.

9. Which do you think was more “revolutionary” – the American Revolution or the French Revolution? Explain your answer.

5.2 Video 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5A_o-nU5s2U&feature=youtu.be1. The French colony in Saint-Domingue began in the ______ century as a pirate outpost.

They turned to robbing __________ galleons which were loaded with silver mined from South America. Later, many of those pirates/settlers started investing in _________ plantations, which by 1700 were thriving in their production, making Saint-Domingue possibly the most valuable colony. Most of them were African-born.

2. By the late 18th century, more ________ were imported to Saint-Domingue every year (40,000) than the entire white population of the island. By the 19 th century, they made up about ______ of the population.

3. What were the four groups in Saint-Domingue society? Describe them.

4. The unrest in 1789 started when some slaves heard a rumor that the _________________ had freed them. Then, in 1791, radical petit blancs seized the city of Port-au-Prince. In May of 1791, the _______________________ gave full French citizenship to all free men of color. In August of 1791, a massive slave revolt broke out.

5. One of the leaders of the revolt was Toussaint Breda, a former slave of full African descent, who later took the name _______________________________.

6. In October of 1793, the British decided to invade Saint-Domingue. Because of their fear of losing the war, the French issued decrees freeing the slaves, which were ratified on February 4, _______. L’Ouverture joined the French to help them defeat the British and the Spanish.

7. After coming to power, ________________________ wanted to reintroduce slavery in the colony to maximum profits in benefitting the expansion of his empire. This started the second phase of the Haitian Revolution, the fight for ______________________.

8. What elements allowed the former slaves to win the war?

9. On January 1st , 1804, Dessalines (who had defeated the French) declared the island of Saint-Domingue independent and re-named it ___________, which is what the island had been called by native inhabitants before the arrival of Columbus.

5.2 Video 4:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBw35Ze3bg8&feature=youtu.be

1. What were the three institutions that characterized Latin American society exercised control over the population?

2. Latin America led the world in _________________________________, or cultural blending. Whites from Spain were called _______________________________ and whites born in the Americas were called __________________. By 1800, roughly _____ of people were mixed race.

3. Brazil was ruled by ________________. When Napoleon took over Portugal in 1807, the entire Portuguese royal family decamped to Brazil. After Napoleon was defeated at the Battle of ______________, King Joao eventually returned to Portugal in 1821, leaving his son ____________________________ behind.

4. How did Brazil manage to achieve independence after that?

5. In 1820, Spain had a real liberal revolution with a new constitution that limited the power of the ______________.

6. Venezuela had a cadre of well-trained creole revolutionaries, who by 1811 had formed a revolutionary junta that had seized power in Caracas and formed a _________________. But the interior of Venezuela was home to ____________________________________ called Llaneros who supported the king; they kept the Caracas revolutionaries from extending their power inland.

7. Simon Bolivar, “el Libertador”, realized that the only way to overcome the class divisions was to appeal to a common sense of _____________________________.

8. By 1825, almost the entire __________________________________ was free from European rule.

9. What is one way in which the revolutions in Latin America differed from those in France and America?

5.2 Summary

What is a nation-state and what is an example of a new nation state in this era.

What is 19 th century liberalism and how is it related to monarchist rule?

Describe one illustrative example listed under the “call for national unification or liberation ”

1. Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. 2. The aim of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property,

security, and resistance to oppression. 3. The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation. 4. Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law. 5. Law can only prohibit such actions as are hurtful to society. Nothing may be prevented which is not forbidden by law, and no one may be forced to do anything not provided for by law.

What document is this excerpted from?

Highlight 5 words that show the influence of enlightenment ideas

5.3 The Industrial Revolution Begins 5.3 Video 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l656rjVW86k

1. What is the Industrial Revolution?

2. Why England?

5.3 Video 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhL5DCizj5c&feature=youtu.be1. Before the industrial revolution, about 80% of the world’s population was engaged in

________________ to keep itself and the other 20% of people from starving.

2. The industrial revolution was an _____________________________ _________________________________ brought about by the use of __________________________ and characterized by the use of new _______________________________________.

3. The industrial revolution began around _________ and started in _____________.

4. What’s one example of the interconnectedness that helped spur the industrial revolution?

5. Which of the four reasons cited by John Green do you feel played the biggest role in why Europe is where the industrial revolution began? Explain your answer.

6. All of the Eurocentric answers apply to ____________ or _____________ or both.

7. What two advantages did Europeans have over China in terms of being primed for the Industrial Revolution?

8. Why didn’t India need to industrialize?

9. Indian cottons created the _______________ and then British manufacturers invested in _________________ to increase production so that they could compete with India.

5.3 Summary

List 3 factors which contributed to the IR

Pick ONE factor and explain how it would contribute to the growth of the IR

The development of the ___________ ____________ concentrated production in a single _________________ and led to an increasing degree in the ______________ of _______________.

5.4 Industrial Revolution Spreads https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=cZEeYV3SLMQ

1. What did industrialization look like in the United States? .

2. What did industrialization look like in Russia?

3. What did industrialization look like in Japan?

5.4 Summary

Use a simple chart to Illustrate what happened to the share of global manufacturing attributed to Europe and the US as opposed to the Middle East, South Asia and East Asia between 1750 and 1900

As new methods of industrial production became more common in parts of northwestern Europe, they spread to other parts of Europe and the ____________ _______________, ____________ and ______________

5.5 Technology in the Industrial Age https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=L6iVBSSz82Q

1. How are the 2 different Industrial Revolutions characterized?

2. Describe the technology of the First Industrial Revolution.

3. Describe the technology of the Second Industrial Revolution.

4. Consequences of these technologies in both revolutions.

5.5 Summary

What fossil fuels increased the energy available to human societies? What 2 engines used these fossil fuels?

What 3 things made development and communication possible in interior regions? And what did that lead to?

What did the 2 nd IR lead to? When?

5.6 Industrialization: Government’s Role https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVNVdtZksH0

1. Industrialization in the Ottoman Empire:

2. Industrialization in Meiji Japan:

5.6 Summary

Circle the correct answer: Where was the government more active in encouraging industrialization. Great Britain or Japan?Great Britain or Russia?

Describe one reform undertaken by the Meijji government to promote industrialization

What was the effect of this reform for Japan regionally?

5.7 Economic Development in the Industrial Age

5.7 Video 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhjr5eZ05gw1. Mercantilism:

2. Explain Adam Smith’s theory:

3. Effects of these new economic ideas:

4. Social effects of these new ideas:

5.7 Video 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3u4EFTwprM&feature=youtu.be1. Capitalism is an ____________________ system but it’s also a __________________

system. It’s characterized by innovation and investment to _______________________.

2. What have been some of the historical downsides of capitalism?

3. Industrial capitalism developed first in __________________ in the 19 th century.

4. Which factor discussed in Thought Bubble do you think played the biggest role in the development of industrial capitalism?

5. What was the “change of mind” needed for the cultural element of capitalism?

6. Perhaps the most important idea that was popularized was that men and women were ___________________ as well as ______________________ and this was a “good thing” because desire to consume spurred economic growth.

7. Socialism is an imperfect opposite to capitalism and is the result of human __________ and human ___________________, and as an intellectual construct, began in _______________.

8. Charles Fourier believed that human beings have desires that go beyond basic ____________________________.

9. Because he co-wrote the “Communist Manifesto”, __________________ was known as the “father of communism.”

10. Marx’s “class struggle” was between __________________, who want labor at the lowest possible price, and ___________________, who want to be paid as much as possible for their work.

11. If someone asked you to explain the differences between capitalism and socialism, how would you answer him/her?

5.7 Summary

Explain why Adam Smith’s theories of laissez faire capitalism and free markets lead to the abandonment of mercantilist policies.

What are consumer goods? What was the effect of industrial capitalism on consumer goods

5.8 Reactions to the Industrial Economy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCwpG27Qw7w

1. Describe what life for factory workers was like before changes.

2. Labor Unions and their reforms:

3. Child Labor and reforms:

4. John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism:

5. Karl Marx and Communism:

6. Ottoman Empire and industrialization - Tanzimat Reforms:

7. Qing and industrialization:

5.8 Summary

Describe one example of a government program created in response to social and economic changes brought about by industrial capitalism

What did workers do to improve working conditions?

Identify 3 key ideas of Marx’s communism. Define socialism

Describe either the Ottoman OR the Qing response to the expansion of industrializing states.

Define capitalism

5.9 Society in the Industrial Age https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t10EoCXim1c

1. How did cities change?

2. How did families change?

3. How did the Industrial Revolution impact the environment?

5.9 Summary

What new classes developed? What would be a typical job for someone in each of the new classes?

How did the IR impact working class and middle class women differently?

List 3 challenges created by the rapid urbanization of this era