Thursday 10-29-15

I can explain how debates over slavery and other economic, cultural, and political issues, intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions, led the nation into civil war.

I can explain how ideological and economic differences over slavery produced an array of diverging responses from Americans in the North and the South.

Agenda Homework1. Discuss reading AP chapter 162. Read & Discuss from the diary of William Johnson3. Explore National History Day - Research - Work on Process Paper

1. Keep up with reading schedule2. Read through the National History Day Theme Sheet

Prompt 53Use the following format for your PromptPrompt #Day and DateAnswer(s)TWO Prompts per each page (two front, two back is OK)

Prompt 53 – Countrymen in Chains

Study the image and read the poem associated with it.

1. What is the meaning of the question posed in the poster?

2. How did the artist portray enslaved African Americans? What symbols were used to convey this image?

3. What images does the poem use to make its point?

[Poem, introductory quotations, and endnotes as published in 1837 broadside with image "Am I Not a Man and a Brother?"]

           OUR COUNTRYMEN IN CHAINS!                          BY J.G. WHITTIER

The despotism which our fathers could not bear in their native country is expiring, and the sword of justice in her reformed hands has applied its exterminating edge to slavery. Shall the United States—the Free United States, which could not bear the bonds of a king, cradle the bondage which a king is abolishing? Shall a Republic be less free than a Monarchy? Shall we, in the vigor and buoyancy of our manhood, be less energetic in righteousness, than a kingdom in its age?—Dr. Follen's Address

Genius of America! Spirit of our free institutions—where are thou? How art thou fallen, oh Lucifer! son of the morning—how art thou fallen from heaven! Hell from beneath is moved for thee, to meet thee at thy coming!—The kings of the earth cry out to thee,Aha! Aha!—ART THOU BECOME LIKE UNTO US?—Speech of Rev. S. J. May

OUR FELLOW COUNTRYMEN IN CHAINS!     SLAVES—in a land of light and law !—SLAVES—crouching on the very plains     Where rolled the storm of Freedom's war !A groan from Eutaw's haunted wood—     A wail where Camden's martyr's fell—By every shrine of patriot blood,     From Moultrie's wall and Jasper's well !

By storied hill and hallowed grot,     By mossy wood and marshy glen,Whence rang of old the rifle shot,     And hurrying shout of Marion's men !—The groan of breaking hearts is there—     The falling lash—the fetter's clank !—Slaves—SLAVES are breathing in that air

     Which old De Kalb and Sumpter drank !

What, ho !—our countrymen in chains !—     The whip on WOMAN'S shrinking flesh !Our soil yet reddening with the stains,     Caught from her scourging, warm and fresh !What ! mothers from their children riven !—     What ! God's own image bought and sold !—AMERICANS to market driven,     And bartered as the brute for gold !

Speak !—shall their agony of prayer     Come thrilling to our hearts in vain !To us—whose fathers scorned to bear     The paltry menace of a chain ;—To us whose boast is loud and long     Of holy liberty and light—Say, shall these writhing slaves of Wrong     Plead vainly for their plundered Right ?

What !—shall we send, with lavish breath,     Our sympathies across the wave,Where manhood on the field of death     Strikes for his freedom, or a grave ?—Shall prayers go up—and hymns be sung     For Greece, the Moslem fetter spurning—And millions hail with pen and tongue     Our light on all her altars burning !….Shall every flap of England's flag*     Proclaim that all around are free,From 'fartherst Ind' to each blue crag     That beetles o'er the Western Sea ?And shall we scoff at Europe's kings,     When Freedom's fire is dim with us,And round our country's altar clings     The damning shade of Slavery's curse ?….Just God ! and shall we calmly rest,     The christian's scorn—the heathen's mirth—Content to live the lingering jest

     And by word of a mocking earth ?Shall our own glorious land retain     That curse which Europe seems to bear ?Shall our own brethren drag the chain     Which not even Russia's menials wear ?….Oh rouse ye, ere the storm comes forth—     The gathered wrath of God and man—Like that which wasted Egypt's earth,     When hail and fire above it ran.Hear ye no warnings in the air ?     Feel ye no earthquake underneath ?Up—up—why will ye slumber where     The sleeper only wakes in death ?

Up NOW for Freedom !—not in strife     Like that your sterner fathers sawThe awful waste of human life—     The glory and the guilt of war :But break the chain—the yoke remove     And smite to earth oppression's rod,With those mild arms of Truth and Love,     Made mighty through the living God !

Prone let the shrine of Moloch sink,     And leave no traces where it stoodNor longer let its idol drink     His daily cup of human blood :Bur rear another altar there,     To truth and love and mercy given,And Freedom's gift and Freedom's prayer     Shall call an answer down from Heaven !_____________________________________

He that stealeth a man and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death. Exod. xxi. 16

* ENGLAND has 800,000 Slaves, and she has made them FREE. America has 2,250,000!—and she HOLDS THEM FAST!!!

Sold at the Anti-Slavery Office, 144 Nassau Street. Price TWO CENTS Single; or $1.00 per hundred.

For the Diary of William Johnson…

Answer TWO questions:

1. Based on reading his diary, what was important to Johnson?

2. Which entries did you find puzzling?

3. Read through the following selections. What does each of them tell us about life in the South and specifically the institution of slavery?

A.

B.

C.

“April 12, 1838 To day was spent in Talk about the Duell that was to have Taken place this Evening between Col. Nickolds and Dr Booye They were to have fought between 4 and 5 Oclock this Evening — There was a Greate many Person assembled to see the Expected fight”

D.

1843

“December 31, 1843 To day has been to me a very Sad Day; many tears was in my Eyes to day On acct. of my Selling poor Steven. I went under the hill this Evening to See him of[f] but the Boat did not Cross over again and Steven got drunk in a few minutes and I took him Home & made him Sleep in the garret and Kept him Safe”

1844

“January 1, 1844 I rested bad Last night. I had much Care On my mind, the night appeared very Long ⎯ I got up this morning Early and took Steven with me down to the Ferry Boat and gave him up to the Overseer of Young & Cannon. Crawford was his name I gave Steven a pair [of] Suspenders and a pr of Socks and 2 Cigars, Shook hands with him and see [him] go On Bourd for the Last time I felt hurt but Liquor is the Cause of his troubles; I would not have parted with Him if he had Only have Let Liquor alone but he Cannot do it I believe, I receved a check from mr Cannon to day On Mr Britton & Co for four Hundred dollars and a demand note or due bill for two Hundred more, I will Speak more of it when I See it again for I did not Examin it very Close this morning ⎯ To day Came On the Election and there were a great number of fights during the day with One or another &c.”

Articles to read for uplift and puzzlement…

How Walter Scott Started the American Civil War

What Does 'Sold Down The River' Really Mean? The Answer Isn't Pretty

Reading Schedule for October 20159/30 - W American Pageant 256-26510/1 - Th American Pageant 265-27410/2 – F American Pageant 274-28510/5 – M Zinn 7 “As Long as Grass Grows or Water Runs”10/6 – T Gilder Lehrman “Andrew Jackson and the Constitution”

Gilder Lehrman “Indian Removal”

10/7 – W ZOO!10/8 & 10/9 Teacher Workdays10/12 & 10/13 Vacation10/14 – W(Early Release)

This is PSAT Day, but you are responsible for you’re the reading. Pace yourself!American Pageant 287-297 (Up to section “Creeping Mechanization”)American Pageant 298-299 (“The Germans”)

10/15 – Th American Pageant 297-308Gaddis 5 “Chaos and Complexity”

10/16 – F American Pageant 308-31910/19 – M Gilder Lehrman “Born Modern”

Gilder Lehrman “Women and the Early Industrial Revolution”10/20 – T American Pageant 320-32810/21 – W American Pageant 328-33810/22 – Th American Pageant 338-347 (Hudson River School)10/23 – F Gilder Lehrman “The First Age of Reform”10/26 – M Review10/27 – T Test #5 (13-15)10/28 – W American Pageant 348-349, 350-35910/29 – Th American Pageant 359-37010/30 – F Gaddis 6 “Causation, Contingency, and Counterfactuals”11/2 – M American Pageant 371-37811/3 – T American Pageant 378-38911/4 – W Zinn 8 “We Take Nothing By Conquest, Thank God”11/5 – Th Gilder Lehrman “Abolition and Antebellum Reform”

Gilder Lehrman “Seneca Falls Convention”11/6 – F Gilder Lehrman “National Expansion and Reform”11/9 – M Review11/10 - T Test #6 (16-17)