Name: Team#:

UNIT 3: Progressive Era Vocab

Word Definition E/SP/N

ANALYSIS

1. Department of Labor federal department whose purpose was to “promote and develop the welfare of working people, and to improve their working conditions.

created in 1913

(Google) Do we still have a Department of Labor today?

2. Clayton Anti-Trust Act 1914 Law passed in 1914 Increased the federal

government’s power to prevent unfair business practices

antitrust legislation under Woodrow Wilson

Why was this Act passed?

3. Federal Trade Commission an independent agency of the United States federal government

job is to maintain fair and free competition and prevent unfair trade practices

established in 1914

Why would an agency need to ensure or make sure there is fair competition?

4. Federal Reserve System a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks

reformed the banking industry

gave government the power to control the money supply

President Wilson

Who was given the power to control money under the federal reserve system?

5. Trustbuster Someone who breaks up a trust into smaller companies

A reform used by the Progressive party

Teddy Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson

Why would a president want to be known as a “trustbuster”?

6. Muckraker Group of investigative In today’s society can you give an

reporters, writers, and social scientists.

They exposed the abuses of industrial society and corruption that existed in all levels of government

Examples: Upton Sinclair and the Jungle; Frank Norris and the Octopus; and Jacob Riis and How the Other Half Lives.

example of a Muckraker? (someone who exposes government corruption)

7. Temperance Movement Movement founded by the WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union)

Began as moderation in drinking habits and others wanted to ban alcohol

Men who did not drink more likely to keep their job and support families

Would help lift poor families out of poverty and improve social conditions in the cities.

Why would women (or Christians) want to restrict the availability of alcohol?

8. Settlement House An all-purpose community center for poor people living in crowded city neighborhoods

provided free community services to the poor and incoming immigrants

Provided child care, nursing services, and English lessons.

Staffed by volunteers The most famous was Jane

Adams’s Hull House

Explain why Settlement Houses were needed during this time period.

9. The Jungle Book by Upton Sinclair telling about the abuses of the meat packing industry.

Portrayed or showed the new industrial economy as inhumane, destructive, and uncaring.

The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act

From your notes or Google- -which president would read this book and become inspired to pass the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 and the Pure Food and Drug Act?

10. Triangle Shirtwaist Fire A fire in New York's What do you think—Should the

Triangle Shirtwaist Company in 1911 killed 146 people, mostly women.

They died because the doors were locked and the windows were too high for them to get to the ground.

Showed the world the poor working conditions and led to federal regulations/laws to protect workers

owners of the factory face any criminal charges for the deaths of their employees?

11. Social Gospel Movement the idea that churches should address social issues – not the federal government

Spearheaded by Protestant clergymen

Called on Christians to rise to the challenge of helping their fellow man

Wanted social reforms, such as stopping child labor and safer working conditions.

Explain who you think should be responsible for social issues and why.

12. Conservationist Person who believes in the limited use of natural resources versus a preservationist, (a person who wants protection of wilderness lands from all forms of development.

Government should take a middle position between conservation and preservation.

Which do you believe in, conservation or preservation and why?

13. Prohibition The nationwide ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor in the United States

went into effect when the 18th Amendment was ratified in 1919

Why would someone support prohibition?

14. Progressivism the political orientation of Read through your vocabulary—List

those who favor progress toward better conditions in government and society

supported reforms that would correct the political and economic injustices that had resulted from Industrialization

two people who would be considered progressives:

1.

2.

15. Initiative A state political reform Voters could directly

introduce bills in the state legislature and could vote o whether they wanted a bill passed

Purpose was to end corruption and make state government more directly accountable to the people.

Who does the initiative give power to—the government or the people?

16. Referendum A state political reform A law passed by a state

legislature is placed on the ballot for approval or rejection by the voters.

The scale with one person is labeled ‘citizen’—what does this say about who holds the power to add a referendum?

17. Recall A state political reform Voters can remove

unsatisfactory elected officials from office before his or her term ends

Enough voters must sign a petition to demand a special election to put name on ballot.

Google—Give an example of when recall has been used?

18. 16th Amendment Allowed federal government to impose an income tax.

Federal governments role expanded, created more federal programs so needed money to fund

Graduated income tax Part of Wilson’s New

Freedom

How do we pay income tax?

19. 17th Amendment Gave citizens a greater say If the 17th amendment gave the people

in their government Direct election of senators A way to have senators

respond to the will of the people instead of the power of big business.

the power to vote for senators --then how were senators chosen before? (use the picture)

20. 18th Amendment Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

Started Prohibition

What previous term was applied to a group who was seeking legislation designed to limit alcohol consumption?

21. 19 th Amendment In August of 1920 this gave women the right to vote

Suffrage means to vote

Why do you think it took this long for women to get the right to vote?

22. Suffragist A person who campaigned for women's right to vote such as: Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Carrie Chapman Catt, and Alice Paul

What amendment would have the suffragists supported?

23. Child Labor Act of 1916 Federal ban on the interstate shipment of goods manufactured by children under age 14.

designed to reduce the use of young children in factories for long hours and low pay.

Declared unconstitutional by US Supreme Court

Why would we need to pass this Act?

24. Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

socialist organization a former international

labor union and radical labor movement in the United States.

Known as Wobblies

What is a labor union?

25. Square Deal Theodore Roosevelt's new What three areas did the ‘Square Deal’

laws to protect consumer health and prevent false advertising.

Response to laissez faire economy

domestic program around three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources; Protect the public health; conserve the Nation’s Resources

focus on?1.

2.

3.

26. New Nationalism Roosevelt's progressive political policy in 1912 election

that favored heavy government intervention in order to assure social justice

What political party did TR form to use this platform in 1912?

27. Bull Moose Party nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912.

TR split from the Republicans when they refused to nominate him again in 1912

What party did TR split due to the Bull Moose Party’s creation?

28. Pure Food and Drug Act Regulated the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines

Established a new agency Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to test and approve drugs before they went on the market.

Part of Square Deal Legislation

This add (from before 1913) claims that he has the cure to cancer—this was a false statement—what act now prevents lies like this from making it to the public?

29. New Freedom Woodrow Wilson platform Taming big business;

encouraging greater competition; and eliminating special privileges

Why would Wilson want a “New Freedom” for the country?