Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Period: ________

I. Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources II. Global Energy Consumption III. Fuel Types and Uses

I. Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

Ted-Ed “Guide to Energy of the Earth” (4:43) http://ed.ted.com/lessons/a-guide-to-the-energy-of-the-earth-joshua-m-sneideman /

II.Global Energy Consumption

Developed and Developing Countries• ___________________________________________ are bought and sold (oil, coal, natural gas)

Unit 6: Introduction to Energy Use

Objectives: Describe the distribution of energy resources in developing countries as compared to developed

countries. Describe trends in energy consumption as countries become more developed and the world

becomes more industrialized, especially with regard to fossil fuels. Explain how availability, price, and governmental regulations influence which energy sources

people use and how they use them.

Basic Unit of Energy =

Objective: Identify differences between nonrenewable and renewable energy sources.

___________________________Exist in a fixed amount; cannot be replaced on a human time

scale

___________________________Can be replenished naturally,

at or near the rate of consumption

UN

IT S

Practice ProblemIn 2011, total world energy consumption was approximately 521 quads per year. How many GJ is that per person every month? SHOW SETUP!

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• ____________________________________________are gathered by individuals for their own immediate needs (straw, sticks, animal dung)

• As industrialization increases, ________________________ increases and ___________________ _______________________________ change

Quads of energy consumption (quadrillion Btu)Oil Natural

gas Coal Nuclear Hydroelectric Wood Year

0 0 0 0 0 2 18051 0 2 0 0 4 18671 0 5 0 0.5 3 18956 2 15 0 1 2 192615 10 10 0.5 2 1 195638 23 13 1 3 1 197030 17 20 5 3 1 198740 24 23 7 3 1 200835 28 17 9 3 1 2012

Use the graph on the previous page to answer these

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The predominant energy source until 1875 At that point, it became

Did not begin until 1950

The 1970s saw a dramatic dip in

The top three sources today are Since 2000, there has been an increase in WHY?

Energy use varies regionally and seasonally• Midwest/SE • West/NE • Highly populated

• WHY?• North uses more energy in _________________

• WHY?• South uses more energy in _________________

• WHY?

Why do we use gas or diesel for our 3

cars instead of coal or firewood?

So why not use gasoline for everything?

III. Fuel Types and Uses

Wood Peat

Coal

Natural gas Tar sands

Objectives: Identify types of fuels and their uses. Define electricity and cogenerationDescribe the pathway of energy and how to calculate the efficiency of fuel use.

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ER OEI:

• If you obtain ____________of coal and it cost ________to extract the coal, the ER OEI is _______

• A ________________________ number is more efficient and desirable• Anything below _________ cannot really be considered a viable energy source

Calculate the ER OEI for ethanol from cornProcess kJ Input or Output?

Growing 0.4 ha (1 acre) of corn

8,545,000

Converting corn and distributing it

21,636,000Burning ethanol as fuel in a car

33,217,000

Pure CO2 byproduct which is sold to beverage industries and as dry ice

5,390,000

Calculate the ER OEI

According to these numbers can ethanol viably replace gasoline as fuel for cars 5

worldwide? Why?

The Right Energy Source for the Job • Consider _________________________________________________________________• Compare electric water heater and natural gas water heater (tankless)• Heating hot water ________ efficiency• Tankless _________

WHY might the OVERALL efficiency of the tank system be only __________?

Transport Energy Efficiency: MJ/passenger*kilometer0.06 Motorcycle 1.73 Put in: Airplane,

Bus, Cycling, Heavy Truck, Car (2 people)

Walking 0.16 2.1Tram light rail

0.91 2.42

0.92 Taxis 2.94

Diesel rail 1.65 2.94

Heavy rail 1.69Car (1 person)

3.6

How many MJ per person are expended to travel the 600 km from San Francisco to Los Angeles by air, one-passenger car, or bus?

If you carpooled with 4 people, would that be enough to become the most energy-efficient way to travel of those three options? Show why or why not.

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energy lab | what is electricity1. What is electricity?

2. How many electrons for every second to get 1 ampere of electricity? (Answer in scientific notation!)

energy lab | how electricity is made

1. Describe a generator.

2. Describe how a generator is turned.

energy lab | electricity powers our lives

1. According to Dr. Tinker’s calculations, how much electricity does and average American use each day? Convert this to kWh.

2. What are some of the main uses of electricity?

energy lab | The electric grid

1. Label each step.

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In the 70s, fuel economy:

In the 80s and 90s, fuel economy:

After the early 2000s, fuel economy:

Why?

2. Why does electricity have to be constantly monitored and generated?

Electricity• Can be generated from many different sources – different category• ________________________ source of energy: converted from a ____________________ source• ____________________________________________: can move and deliver energy in a convenient,

usable form (also wood, dammed water, pressurized air)• Electricity itself is _________________________________________________--production of

electricity is not

• ___________________________________: network of ___________________________________ _____________________________________ that connect power plants together and link them with end users

• __________________________________________ more efficient (up to ______ vs ______)• Combusts _____________________________________ instead of coal• Waste heat boils water to also turn a ___________________________________

___________________________________: The maximum electrical outputo Typical power plant = _____________________________ in one day (500 mega-

watts an hour)

___________________________________: The fraction of time a power plant operates in a year• Most thermal power plants have a capacity factor of___________or more

• Renewable like wind may only be ___________• Nuclear and coal-fired take a long time (up to a full day) to get up to full capacity, so often

are kept running at all times ______________________________: combined heat and power• Use of a fuel to:

1. Which energy source does not originate from the Sun?a. Coalb. Solarc. Oild. Nucleare. Natural gas

4. What is an example of a secondary energy source?

a. Solarb. Coalc. Electricityd. Heate. Nuclear

2. Traveling alone in a car uses 3.6 MJ of energy per kilometer. If 4 people go on a trip of 400 miles, what is the MJ/person?a. 200 MJb. 360 MJc. 576 MJd. 860 MJe. 1440 MJ

5. Cogeneration is a. the use of two or more energy

sources to generate electricityb. The use of two separate

turbines to generate electricityc. A method of electricity

generation that includes renewable energy

d. A method of increasing a 8

power plant’s capacity factore. The use of a fuel to generate

heat and electricity3. The major source of energy in the

U.S. isa. natural gasb. coalc. oild. nucleare. renewables

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