Bahria University

Examinations Policy2015

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CONTENTSChapter – 1 Examination Policy and Rules for Constituent Units Following Semester System

1.1 Examination Timetable 011.2 Seating Plan 011.3 Nomination of Invigilators 011.4 Persons Authorized for Examination Halls 011.5 Preparation of Question Papers 011.6 Answer Book 031.7 Conduct of Examinations 031.8 Submission of Results by Examiners 041.9 Compilation and Promulgation of Results 041.10 Re-evaluation and Re-checking of Papers 051.11 Preparation and Issuance of Transcripts 051.12 Degree Supplementary Form (DSF) 061.13 Preparation and Issuance of Degrees 061.14 Examinations Retake 071.15 Relegation 071.16 Definitions 07

Chapter – 2 Examination Policy for Constituent and Affiliated Medical Institutions

2.1 PM&DC Rules for MBBS/BDS Examinations 102.2 Examinations Calendar / Date Sheet 132.3 Appointment and Duties of Examination Centers Supervisory Staff 142.4 Instructions to the Candidates 152.5 Withdrawal of Admission Forms after having been submitted to the university 152.6 Refund of Examinations Fee 162.7 Secrecy of Examinations 162.8 Secrecy Section 182.9 Prescribed life of Records of Confidential Documents 192.10 Internal Assessment 202.11 Tabulation of Results 202.12 Appointment / Duties of Paper Setters 222.13 Process of Paper Setting 242.14 Remunerations 242.15 Disqualification of Paper Setter 242.16 Appointment / Duties of Paper Assessors 252.17 Appointment/Duties of Examiners for Oral and Practical/Clinical Examinations 272.18 Appointment / Duties of Censor 312.19 Recounting of Answer Books / Awards 322.20 Use of Unfair Means 33

Chapter – 3 Academic Dishonesty – Student’s Guide

3.1 Definition 363.2 History 363.3 Academic Dishonesty Today 373.4 Types of Academic Dishonesty 38

3.4.1 Plagiarism 383.4.2 Fabrication 383.4.3 Deception 383.4.4 Sabotage 393.4.5 Cheating 39

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3.4.6 Professional misconduct 403.5 Effects 40

Annexure

A. Certificate by Paper Setter Midterm – Final Examinations Fall/Spring A-1B. Answer Book B-1C. Undertaking C-1D. Application for Issuance of Interim / Final Transcript D-1E. Degree Supplement Form E-1F. Application of Issuance of Degree Supplement Form (DSF) F-1G. Instructions for students G-1H. Process of Paper Setting and Duties of Paper Setters H-1J. Process of Paper Assessment and Duties of Paper Assessor J-1K. Duties of Paper Censor K-1L. Censor Report Proforma L-1

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FOREWORD

The Examinations Policy contains Examination related rules and regulations. The policy will

provide guidance and ready reference to all concerned. Contents of the Examinations Policy

are subject to change from time to time, as and when deemed appropriate by the university.

The Examinations Policy apply to all Campuses, Constituent and Affiliated Units of Bahria

University.

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RECORD OF AMENDMENTS

Amendment No Date Article Authority

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CHAPTER – 1

1. EXAMINATION POLICY AND RULES FOR CONSTITUENT UNITS FOLLOWING SEMESTER SYSTEM

1.1 Examination Timetable:

The Head of Departments (HODs) will prepare the Examination Timetable of their

respective disciplines at least three weeks before the commencement of

Examinations. The HODs are to make sure that Faculty Members have informed the

students regarding their internal academic assessment (Quizzes, Assignments,

Midterm) before appearing in the final examination. A recommended time table is to

be forwarded to respective Director Campus / Head of Constituent Unit for approval.

1.2 Seating Plan:

All students will be given CMS (Campus Management System) generated slips

showing date, time and examination hall/venue of each candidate for his/her

respective paper. Students seating plan is to be designed in such a manner that

students of the same discipline do not sit adjacent to each other.

1.3 Nomination of Invigilators:

a. Examination Cell of the Campuses will nominate invigilators. The

classroom/examination hall with 30 students must have two invigilators. More

invigilators should be appointed for bigger classrooms or examination halls having

more than 30 students. Examination Cell shall appoint at least five standby

invigilators to meet any emergency.

b. Director Campus is to nominate a vigilance team to be headed by DD Exams

of Campuses and have two Faculty Members with following duties:

(1) Take rounds of Exam Halls during conduct of Exam.

(2) Check that nominated invigilators are present and vigilant in Exam

Halls.

(3) Discipline in the Exam Halls is being maintained.

1.4 Persons Authorized for Examination Halls:

Only those personnel authorized by the Campus, Examinations Department and

other Competent Authorities are authorized to enter examination halls/venues.

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1.5 Preparation of Question Paper:

a. The course teacher nominated by HOD/Cluster Head will set the question

paper. A standard format will be provided by HOD / Cluster Head to the paper

setters. There shall be common question paper for all the sections of the same

batch of the same programme. This measure shall start intra-Campus, then

extend inter-Campus.

b. If Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are part of question paper, then either

the MCQs shall be solved on the question papers that should be taken back

after the time limit specified for MCQs ends or MCQs may be solved on a

separate answer sheet that shall be taken back from students at the end of

specified time limit.

c. In case of MCQs, three to five choices are given for each question. For FIBs,

each blank space may require one to two words or numbers. Each MCQ, FIB

or TF question may carry 1 or 1/2 mark, depending on the level of difficulty.

d. Following measures may be introduced to prevent cheating in MCQs, FIBs

and TFs:

i. Negative Marking.

Ii. Jumbling questions on different question papers.

Iii. Not writing serial numbers of questions.

e. An act of plagiarizing questions from the internet or repeating question papers

by a paper setter may be considered unethical and dealt with accordingly.

f. Questions are to be clear, unambiguous and grammatically correct.

g. Question papers must be balanced and cover as evenly as possible the entire

syllabus taught during the semester.

h. All HODs must ensure that their Faculty Members make papers to test

"Intelligence" (i.e. knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis

and evaluation), not mere "Memory" of the students. The questions, whether

subjective or objective, should be "Conceptual" and "Thought-Provoking".

i. After setting the paper, the question paper must be shown to the HOD or the

subject expert (Cluster Head). Question paper format may vary from discipline

to discipline, as approved by respective HODs. There shall be no compulsion

on standardization.

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j. HODs have to ensure that all faculty members provide certificate to the effect

that course contents of their respective subjects have been covered 100%

before Mid/Final examination. Sample certificate is given at Annex ‘A’.

k. The paper setter will take the question paper to Examination Cell (i.e the DD

Academics Office) where he/she will make copies as per class strength. After

copying and stapling, the paper setter will enclose and seal the question

papers into envelopes in accordance with the seating plan. The paper setter

will deliver these sealed and signed envelopes to DD Academics in

Examination Cell of respective Campus, who shall act as custodian of the

question papers. The Examination Cell will then sort and shift these sealed

envelopes to their relevant rooms. DD Academics will make sure that the

envelopes have been sealed and locked in a secure place.

l. For the Final Exams, standard solution is to be deposited to the Exam Cell of

the respective Campus, along with the Question Paper.

1.6 Answer Book:

All constituent units will use the Answer Book as per layout depicted at Annex ‘B’.

1.7 Conduct of Examinations:

a. Undertaking from new students:

All new entrants will be required to submit an undertaking on stamp paper,

duly signed by an Oath Commissioner as per sample placed at Annex ‘C’.

The said undertaking must be complied by students appearing in the

examinations.

b. Distribution of answer scripts and question papers:

(1) Deputy Director Examinations of respective Campus under the

supervision of Director Campus will be responsible for the distribution of

answer sheets and question papers among invigilators (Hall/Room-wise

sealed in large envelopes containing subject-wise sealed envelopes of

question papers).

(2) At the time of opening the sealed envelope (containing question

papers), the invigilator will sign a declaration that papers have been received

duly sealed. This declaration will be deposited by the respective invigilator to

Deputy Director Examinations of respective Campus.

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(3) After the examination time is over, invigilators will seal the answer

books, subject / class wise in the envelopes and deliver them to the Deputy

Director Examinations along with attendance sheet of the candidates.

(4) The examiners will collect the sealed envelopes from the Deputy

Director Examinations and make sure that the number of answer books given

to them conforms to the Examination Cell’s receipt register. Deputy Director

Examinations will also provide blank award list to the Examiners, printed

through CMS, for their endorsement.

c. Instructions regarding Calculators/Answer Scripts:(5)

(6) On the Envelop (in which examination papers are sealed), following should be written:Calculators: Allowed Not Allowed

Separate

Answer books: Provided Not Provided

d. Instructions for invigilators:

(1) Students using any unfair means (talking or using cheating material)

must be stopped.

(2) Mobile phones are prohibited in Exam Halls.

(3) No student shall be allowed to enter in the Exam Hall after 5 minutes of

scheduled time for commencement of the paper.

(4) Cases of indiscipline shall be dealt with as follows:

(a) Student found cheating, should be forbidden to continue doing

the paper.

(b) Invigilator should confiscate all material (Question paper/answer

sheet).

(c) Confiscated material be counter signed by student, invigilator

and Head Invigilator (concerned HOD).

(d) Student found cheating is to leave the Exam Hall and wait till end

of the paper.

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If answers are to be written on the Question papers

(e) Concerned student is to be taken to the under mentioned 'Exam

Committee' upon completion of the exam:

(i) Director Campus - President

(ii) Head Invigilator (Concerned HOD) - Member

(iii) Relevant Invigilator - Member

e. Campuses are to ensure that following are not permitted to sit in the final

exams as applicable:

(1) Fee Defaulters

(2) Candidates with short attendance (less than 75%) in a particular course

(subject).

(3) Students who have not completed the Evaluation of Faculty Members.

1.8 Submission of Results by the Examiners:

a. After assessing the answer books, the examiner shall submit the assessed

answer books along with award list showing marks on the prescribed sheet

provided to examiner by the Examination Cell.

b. Midterm results along with answer books shall be submitted to the DD Exams

of respective Campus within two weeks of Midterm Examination after

discussing the result with HOD but before showing the marked answer books

to the students.

c. Final Examinations results along with answer books shall be submitted to

DD Exams of Respective Campus within 5 days of conduct of the

Examinations after discussing the result with HOD and before showing the

marked answer books to the students of respective Campus.

d. Internal marks (for quizzes and assignments) shall be reported to the

Examinations Department of HQ BU latest by one week before the Final

Examinations.

e. The students will be shown marked answer sheets of the Mid Terms and the

Final Examinations under the following conditions:

(1) Before showing the marked answer sheets to the students, the result of

the Mid-Term and Final Examinations shall be submitted to DD Exams

of respective Campuses.

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(2) The answer sheet shall be shown to the students one-by-one and not

en masse.

(3) The answer sheets shall be shown during pre-notified time slots. Any

student missing the time-slots shall not have the right to see the answer

sheets.

f. With effect from Summer Session 2015, maximum grade achievable in any

course taken and completed in the summer session shall be capped at 'B'.

g. With effect from Fall 2015 intakes, the minimum pass marks in the MBA

Programmes shall be 60%.

1.9 Compilation and Promulgation of Results:

a. Results will be entered in the CMS by the Examination Cell data entry operator

in presence of the examiner and a hard copy of the award list is to be printed

through the system.

b. The hard copy of the award list is to be signed by the concerned examiner,

HOD and DDA and forwarded to Bahria University’s Examination Department.

c. Upon receipt of complete result i.e the last award list, Examination Department

will compile the result within 7 working days and upload on BU website.

d. Result will not be displayed. The students will access their results through

internet by using their user IDs. Result will also be provided to respective

Campuses through Provisional Semester Result Notification (PSRN).

Students are to get their user ID and Password from respective system

administrator who will maintain confidentiality of the password. Students may

request system administrator to change their password from time to time for

secrecy. Campuses may provide the student’s user IDs to their parents for

viewing/accessing the results of their children.

e. Result may also be communicated to students by the concerned faculty/HOD

or Exam Cell.

f. Respective campuses are to report error/ deficiency, if any, in PSRN within 7

days of its receipt.

g. The students may apply for re-totalling of marks within 7 days after

promulgation of results.

1.10 Re-evaluation and Re-checking of Papers:

a. Only Rechecking will be allowed (checking the paper for numerical mistakes

and omissions only). Rechecking will be carried out by the committee

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appointed by Rector. Request for rechecking must reach the Head of the

concerned institute within 7 days after declaration of result.

b. Re-evaluation shall not be allowed. However, for unassessed answer (s) if

any, pointed out by re-checking committee, the answer book shall be sent to

the examiner for assessment.

1.11 Preparation and Issuance of Transcripts:a. Examination Department will issue two types of Transcripts i.e Interim and

Final Transcripts to the students upon receipt of a request as per SOP at

Annex ‘D’. The form must be signed by the account office (for clearance of

outstanding dues) and DDA before submitting to the Examination

Department.

b. Examination Department will issue the transcript within 7 working days of the

receipt of the duly processed application form.

c. Interim Transcript: Interim Transcript will be issued to those students who

have not completed their program. It will show the grades of all semesters

which a student has completed along with GPA/CGPA. It will show ‘Program

Incomplete’ status.

d. Final Transcript: Final Transcript will be issued to the students who have

completed their degree requirements. It will show complete academic record

of the students along with GPA/CGPA and ‘Program Completed’ status with

Academic Honor (Cum Laude etc), if applicable.

e. Duplicate Transcripts: The University shall issue one original copy of the

Interim Transcript upon completion of each semester and Final Transcripts

upon completion of program. Students may request additional duplicate

copies (marked as duplicate) on payment of prescribed fee.

f. Each type of transcript will depict transcript definition and legend on its

reverse side.

1.12 Degree Supplementary Form (DSF):a. This form is another document issued to the students in addition to their

Transcripts and Degrees. It will provide a description of the nature, level,

context, content and status of the studies that were pursued and successfully

completed by the student. In case, the desired information on DSF is already

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available on transcript/degrees, the relevant portion on DSF will carry remarks

“As depicted on transcript”. A sample of DSF is placed at Annex ‘E’.

b. The DSF will be issued to the students by the Examination Department on

completion of their degree requirement.

c. Students will be required to submit DSF application form to Deputy Director

Examinations of respective Campus. Sample application form is placed at

Annex ‘F’

d. A prescribed fee will be charged for issuing the DSF.

1.13 Preparation and Issuance of Degrees:a. Degree will be prepared after issuance of Gazette Notification by Director

Examinations within 120 days of completing all the degree requirements by a

student.

b. Registrar Office will issue blank degrees to the Examination Department for

printing after receipt of the Gazette Notification from Director Examinations.

c. Examination Department will print the degrees and return them to Degree

Section of the Registrar Office.

d. Degree Section will submit the degrees to the Registrar for his signature after

verification and checking. Registrar will sign and submit the degrees to the

Rector for his signature.

e. Students will be usually awarded degrees in convocation. Degrees in absentia

can also be collected personally by the students from office of the Registrar or

from the respective Campus as applicable. In case a student could not attend

the convocation ceremony he/she may get the degree.

1.14 Examination Retake

As per the decision of 24th Academic Council Meeting following rules shall govern retake Examinations:

a. Retakes shall be allowed to students only in situations of self-hospitalization

and a bereavement in the immediate family (parents, siblings, spouse and

children).

b. The University Management shall ensure that the Examinations schedules do

not clash with any national or international examination regimes.

c. Retakes shall be held one week after the Final Examinations.

d. Retake Fee shall stay at Rs 3,000/- per paper.

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e. 50% of the retake fee shall be passed on to the retake examiners as their

honoraria.

1.15 Relegation:

a. No relegation for students in the semester / annual system is enforced at

Bahria University. However relegation at Pakistan School of Logistics (Constituent

Unit) would be governed by the service rules of Pakistan Navy.

b. Following rules on Probation, Chance and Drop shall apply from the Fall 2015 intakes:

(1). A student shall be placed on Probation if his/her CGPA falls below the following minima:

(a) Undergrad & Grad Programmes (inclusive of MBA) 2.0

(b) MS/M Phil Porgrammes 2.5

(c) PhD coursework 3.0

(2) The student shall be placed on Chance if his/her CGPA falls below the minima as mentioned above for the second time.

(3) The student shall be Dropped from the Programme if his/her CGPA fall below the minima as mentioned above for the third time.

(4) In the 1st semester, a student shall be dropped on achieving a GPA of less than 1.0 in the Undergrad or Grad Programmes (inclusive of MBA), 2.0 in the MS/Phil programmes and 2.5 in the PhD coursework.

1.16 Definitions

Student AdviserA Faculty member shall be appointed by Head of the Department for guiding and

counseling students and for supervising their academic performance till completion of

their degree.

Academic Program:

An “Academic Program” means a program of studies designed for a certain degree of

the University.

Credit Course:

A “Credit Course” means a course of study, successful completion of which shall be a

requirement for earning a degree.

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Credit Hour:The unit measuring educational credit, usually consisting of one contact hour per

week for 16 weeks. For practical work (other than Engineering program), 2 contact

hours per week for 16 weeks will be equal to one credit hour of theory. For

Engineering programs 3 contact hours per week for 16 weeks will be equal to one

credit hour of theory.

Final Examination:

The last comprehensive examination of any subject conducted on completion of

semester / prescribed duration.

Semester Full Load:

All courses taken as per prescribed roadmap of the semester of a particular degree

program.

Grades:

An alphabetic letter depicting the academic performance of the student in their

meanings defined in these rules.

Grade Point:Numerical value assigned to each letter grade as defined in the rules.

Grade Point Average (GPA):The summation of the multiple of grade points and corresponding credit hours of all

credit courses divided by the total number of credit hours taken by a student during a

semester.

Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA):The summation of multiple of grade points and corresponding credit hours of all credit

courses divided by the total number of credit hours taken by a student beginning from

his admission till the last examination held.

Honors List: A list of all students who have achieved CGPA >= 3.5 in a semester examination.

Non-Credit Course:

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A Non-credit Course is a course of study, which is required for completion of a

degree but does not account for CGPA.

Pre-Requisite:

A course that a student must complete before being registered to another course.

Semester:A “Semester” is an academic period (roughly 16 to 18 weeks), in which classes are

held in the university one set of courses in each discipline is offered.

Student: A student is a person who has registered for a certain number of courses in a regular

degree programme or a short course offered by the University.

Subject or Course:

A “Subject” or “Course” means a topic or a subject related to an academic program,

which is to be studied by a student for a fixed number of hours during a semester.

Each subject will carry a specific number and code.

Transcript:An official copy of a student’s academic record produced by office of the Director

Examinations.

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CHAPTER-2(Part – I)

2.1 PM&DC Rules for MBBS/BDS Examinations

2.1.1 These Rules are subject to change as amended by PM&DC from time to time.

2.1.2 There shall be regular internal evaluations. The students will be evaluated in all three

domains i.e. cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The principles of internal

evaluations shall be uniformly applied by all medical/dental colleges.

2.1.3 The purpose of evaluations shall be:

a. To give feedback to the students about their understanding of the course material.

This purpose can be achieved by regular internal evaluation of each assignment

or course or module.

b. To certify that the students have successfully completed the training and have

achieved the objectives of the educational programme.

c. To determine success of the teaching programme.

d. To motivate and encourage students to direct their own learning.

2.1.4 The process of evaluation for all MBBS and BDS Professional Examinations shall be

as follows:

a. Internal assessment shall be part of professional examination. Continuous internal

assessment shall consist of appropriate evaluation at the end of each assignment,

term, stage, module or course of curriculum. Proper records of internal

evaluations shall be maintained, and the scores obtained in these tests shall

contribute 10% to the final total score of the candidates and university

examinations of each subject shall contribute 90%. The students shall secure

passing marks on aggregate of the total marks.

b. For all examinations of MBBS and BDS courses the percentage of passing marks

in each subject shall be 50% i.e. 50% in theory and 50% in practical.

c. There shall be five university examinations for MBBS and four for BDS which shall

be known as professional examinations and shall be named as corresponds to

year of study.

d. First Professional Examination should be divided in two parts, each to be

conducted by the University. Any student who fails to pass the First Professional

Examination MBBS Part-I and Part-II examinations in four chances or does not

avail the chances despite being eligible for each examination shall cease to

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pursue further medical education in Pakistan and shall not be eligible for fresh

admission as fresh candidate in either MBBS or BDS.

e. No student shall be promoted or allowed to attend the next higher class unless

he/she passes all the subjects of previous professional examinations.

f. No student should be eligible for a university examination without having attended

at least 75% of available lectures, demonstrations, tutorials, and practical or

clinical work both in patients and out patients. The percentage of students who

have cleared the previous class in supplementary examination shall be calculated

on the basis of available lectures, demonstrations, tutorials, and practical of

clinical work both in-patients and out-patients before the next professional

examination.

g. No grace marks shall be allowed in any university examinations.

h. The interval between a supplementary examination and the previous professional

examination shall not be more than two months. The interval between a

supplementary examination and the next professional examination shall not be

less than nine months.

i. There shall be no special supplementary examinations. The only examinations

shall be annual and supplementary examinations.

j. If there is a discontinuation in study of more than three years then the students

shall have to prequalify the last qualified professional examination or part

examination and fulfill the requirements of training of that year in which he/she left

the class. For the students who discontinued studies in final year, they will not be

required to pass the previous examinations but shall repeat the entire final year

with 90% attendance.

k. The performance of candidates in all evaluation and examinations shall be

carefully supervised.

l. Maximum number of eligible examiners from amongst the teachers shall be

involved in the internal evaluation of university examinations.

m. Written examinations shall consist of Multiple Choices Questions (MCQs), Short

Essay Question (SEQs), extended essays etc.

n. Clinical and practical examinations shall include standardized multiple station

examinations whenever appropriate i.e OSPE’s and OSCE’s.

o. External examiners shall be associated with local or internal examiners for written,

oral and practical parts of university examinations.

p. Examiners shall be appointed in accordance with PM&DC Regulations for

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appointment of teachers / examiners.

q. The number of external examiners and internal examiners shall be equal.

r. External examiners shall not be appointed for more than three consecutive years.

s. At least one internal and one eternal examiner shall be appointed for a group of 100 students.

t. The internal examiner for various subjects shall be professor and Head of

Department who have been involved in teaching of the class being examined for

at least six months and have delivered 50% of the total lectures. Second

preference shall be Associate Professor/Assistant professor who is involved in

teaching of the class and posted there for one year and third preference shall be a

recognized professor of the subject.

u. External examiners shall also be a professor or Associate professor of a

recognized medical/dental college or at least an assistant professor with three

years teaching experience in the relevant subject.

v. Preparatory leave for an annual professional examination shall not exceed one

month in the first, second and third Professional Examinations.

w. In all Professional Examinations, sufficient time should be assigned to practical

work to test toughness of the candidate’s knowledge and practical skills.

x. The Final Professional Examination is not to be taken before the close of the 5 th

academic year of medical and 4th academic year of dental students.

y. The gap between two consecutive papers shall not be more than two days.

z. The result of each examination shall be declared within one month of the conduct

of professional examination.

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(Part – II)

AMPLIFYING INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCT OF EXAMINATIONS

2.2 EXAMINATION CALENDAR / DATE SHEET

a. Examination Calendar shall be promulgated by the Director Examinations after

approval of the Rector prior to beginning of the academic year.

b. Date Sheets for written and practical examinations shall thereafter be prepared

and notified by the Director of Examinations at least one month prior to the

commencement of examination.

c. Date Sheets, once notified, shall not be changed. The Director Examinations

shall, however, under exceptional circumstances (to be recorded in writing),

recommend such a change for approval of the Rector.

d. Only one annual and one supplementary of First (Part-I & II), Second, Third and

Final Professional MBBS and First, Second, Third and Final Professional BDS

Examinations shall be allowed. In exceptional situation i.e., national calamities,

war or loss of solved answer books in case of accident, special examination may

be arranged after having observed due process of law. This will require

permission of competent authorities.

e. On notification of examination schedule, the eligible candidates shall be required

to submit Examination Forms duly attested by the Principal of respective College

on or before the date notified for the purpose along with prescribed fee. The

Principal must certify that the candidates concerned have actually attended 75%

of the lectures and practical/clinical sessions conducted during the academic

year in each subject of the examination.

f. At the commencement of MBBS/BDS courses, registration of every candidate as

medical / dental student with PM&DC is mandatory, without which Examination

Form will not be accepted. Incomplete Examination Forms shall not be

entertained.

g. Whenever completed Admission Forms or the fee is received after the last date

prescribed above, the candidate shall pay double the normal fee provided that

such application or fee is received at least seven days before commencement of

the examination.

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h. Information filed by the candidates in Admission Forms shall be used to make

the list of Examinees and transferred subsequently to Roll Number Slips.

i. Any subsequent change, claimed by the candidates after preparation of Roll

Number Slip, shall be made with the approval of the Director Examinations on

verification by the Principal of College concerned along with the prescribed fee.

j. The eligibility of each candidate shall be checked according to laid down criteria

and Pakistan Medical and Dental Council regulations.

k. Roll Number Slips of the eligible candidates shall be sent to the College

concerned at least seven days before commencement of the examination.

l. Roll Number Slip, bearing original stamps of the Deputy Director of

Examinations, shall have the particulars of candidates along with name of the

Examination Centre if other than the affiliated college and latest photograph.

m. Proper record of Roll Numbers shall be maintained in the office of Deputy

Director Examinations.

2.3 APPOINTMENT & DUTIES OF EXAMINATIONS CENTRE SUPERVISORY STAFF

a. The examination shall be held at such centers as may be approved by the

Director Examinations.

b. Safe and uninterrupted environment for examinations in premises of the college

will be responsibility of the college concerned.

c. College should have a suitable hall with sufficient capacity to conduct the

Examinations.

d. College should ensure the adequate administration arrangements required for

smooth conduct of the Examinations.

e. College should ensure safety and security of the invigilators and Examinations

staff performing duties in the Examinations hall.

f. The Examinations Supervisory Staff of each center shall be appointed by the

Director Examinations.

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g. Examinations Supervisory Staff shall include the Superintendent, Deputy

Superintendent and the Invigilators. Deputy Superintendent and Invigilators shall

assist the Superintendent.

h. Female Supervisory Staff shall also be appointed in the Centers where female

students are enrolled for examination.

i. The criteria for appointment of the Supervisory Staff shall be in accordance with

the rules made by Bahria University from time to time.

j. In case of emergency, owing to the refusal or inability of a Superintendent to act,

or for other reasons, when there is no time for the appointment of an alternate

Superintendent, the Deputy Superintendent shall take over as the

Superintendent and immediately inform and seek approval of the Director

Examinations.

k. The Supervisory Staff will be paid remunerations as may be prescribed by the

Bahria University from time to time.

l. Duties and responsibilities of Examinations Center Supervisory Staff are laid

down at Annex ‘J’.

2.4 INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES

Detailed instructions to Candidates are laid down at Annex `G'.

2.5 WITHDRAWAL OF ADMISSION FORMS AFTER HAVING BEEN SUBMITTED , TO THE UNIVERSITY

A Registration Form, once submitted to the Bahria University, may be withdrawn

only by the Principal of the College under following conditions:

a. When a candidate's name has been sent up provisionally for shortage of

attendance and that shortage has neither been made up nor condoned in

accordance with the Regulations.

b. When a candidate ceases to be on the rolls of the College for non-payment of

college dues or any other reason provided that such action has been taken

before commencement of the examination.

c. Withdrawn for misconduct before the commencement of the examination.

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d. When a candidate has been declared passed after revision of the result on

account of re-checking.

2.6 REFUND OF EXAMINATION FEE

a. Examination fee once deposited shall not be refundable except in cases at para

(2.5) above.

b. The amount paid in excess of the prescribed fee may be refunded with the

approval of Director Examinations provided that all such claims are received in

Bahria University within six months from the date of commencement of the

examination.

2.7 SECRECY OF EXAMINATIONS

a. At all the Examination Centers outside Bahria University, the examination

material shall be reached by hand by Hall Dy. Superintendent in presence of the

hall Superintendent of the respective College.

b. Examination material shall be stored in special high security lockers in the

Colleges, where from this material shall be issued for use in the Examination

Hall on the day and time of examination for distribution to the candidates under

direct supervision of the Superintendent.

c. If Supervisory Staff, Paper Assessor, Practical Examiner or any other person

employed in connection with an examination fails to comply with any instructions

issued by the Bahria University or any of its officers, commits any other

irregularity, secures such appointment by supplying wrong information through

alteration of facts, Bahria University shall report the matter to employing

authority for administrative action and/or take any other legal action that may be

deemed necessary.

d. Concerned examination and supervisory staff found guilty of any of the following,

shall be liable to such action as may be determined by the Director

Examinations or a Committee appointed by him/her.

(1) Divulgence of information pertaining to the question papers, answer books,

Examiners, conduct of examination, examination results or any information

incidental thereto.

24

(2) Substitution of an answer book or any portion thereof.

(3) Awarding with ulterior motive, more or less marks than actually deserved by

candidate if the person doing so is an Assessor or Examiner.

(4) Recording in any document with dishonest intent, more or less marks than

actually awarded to a candidate by the Assessor or Practical Examiner

concerned if the person doing so is other than the Assessor or Practical

Examiner.

(5) Providing to a candidate, during his/her examination, answer to a question

contained in the question paper or a question put at an oral and

practical/clinical examination.

(6) Mutilation, alteration, interpolation or erasure in any certificate or other

document or any record maintained by the Bahria University, or in any

matter using or causing to be used as a certificate, document or record,

knowing that it is so mutilated, altered, interpolated or erased.

(7) Falsification of official examination results by any means including

substitution of answer book, mutilation, alteration or falsification of any

record of the Bahria University.

(8) Impeding the progress of examination at any Examination Centre by any

means whatsoever.

(9) Assault or threatening to assault by a candidate in or around the

Examination Centre any person associated with the process of examination

in any way or any employee of the University or any other person employed

in connection with an examination shall be dealt with strictly. In case such as

assault is proven, the candidate concerned shall be permanently debarred

from taking any examination of the University and his/her registration shall

be cancelled.

(10)Approaching or influencing any employee of the University to act dishonestly

in the conduct of an examination.

(11)Attempting or abetting the commission of the aforesaid acts.

(12)Attempting or abetting the act of sabotage, omission or commission on the

part of any person, which tends to or is likely to impede and hamper

progress of the examination, and tamper with the sanctity, reliability and

accuracy of the same. Findings or facts arrived at by the Director

25

Examinations shall be conclusive and shall not be taken up before any

executive, administrative or judicial forums.

2.8 SECRECY SECTION

(a) The rules governing the handling of solved answer books by the

examinations department shall be as under:

(1) Receive sealed envelopes of solved answer books from paper assessors/examiners.

(2) Record delivery and its receipt in the Inward Register.

(3) During office hours these envelopes shall be received directly in the

examinations department.

(4) Enter date of receipt and number on each envelope.

(5) Ensure that the envelopes are opened within 7 days of receipt. In case

of delay inform the Director Examinations.

(6) Count the Scripts and tally with Superintendent's Memo. Any

discrepancy, if found, must immediately be reported to the Director

Examinations or Deputy Director Examinations.

(7) Prepare absence report of candidates from Memo and send it

immediately to the Director Examinations.

(8) Sort the scripts question wise.

(9) Make lots containing appropriate number of answer books of each

question paper or group of questions separately (in case of Essay

question). Make sure to include the following:

(a) Question paper of the subject.

(b) Answer `Key'.

(c) Blank award list.

(10) Write following on each lot:

(a) Lot number/question number/subject.

(b) Maximum marks of the paper/maximum marks of the question.

(c) Name of the concerned examination.

(11) Provide bundles (Lots) to Paper Assessor.

(12) Receive assessed answer books with awards back from the Paper

Assessor.

26

(13) Check and verify from the answer books each and every entry of

award list carefully.

(14) Enter awards in the result sheet question-wise and recheck.

(15) Send answer books to store.

(16) Send copies of award lists and awards of practical examinations to

Tabulation Section. Submit results sheet to the Deputy Director

Examinations for final checking.

(b) Each official shall be held responsible for any error/omission and leakage of

information relating to his/her Station. An official who is prone to make consecutive

or repeated mistakes shall be liable to termination. In case it is proven that there

has been a deliberate mistake, i.e., an error with malafide intention, a case shall be

registered against that official with law enforcing authorities in addition to

departmental action.

2.9 PRESCRIBED LIFE OF RECORDS OF CONFIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS

S. No. Document Disposal

a Question Paper files administered in different Examinations.

One year after the conduct of Respective Examination.

bPhotocopy of bills of Remuneration

Paid to Paper Setters and Paper Assessors.

One year after the payment.

c Solved Answer Books (Theory and Practical)

Five years after the Declaration of Results.

d Re-checking Files.Six months after the decision of the cases (the date of decision will be reckoned from the date of issue of reply).

e Unfair Means FilesTwo years after decision of the cases (the date of decision shall be reckoned from the date of issue of notification.

f Original Awards (Theory and Practical).

One year after the Declaration of Results.

gManual Tabulation/results.

One year after the Declaration of Results.

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2.10 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

a. The weightage of internal assessment shall be 10% in each theory and

practical/viva in all subjects as applicable to Bahria University and by

PM&DC or as promulgated by the PM&DC time to time.

b. Continuous internal assessment shall consist of evaluation at the end of each

assignment, e.g. stages/sub-stages, class tests etc., attitudinal assessment

from educational and/or clinical supervisors, clinical skill assessment from

clinical supervisors, and Year's work books.

c. Assessment of Knowledge, Skill and Attitude shall contribute towards internal

assessment; Methods used to assess these domains shall contribute towards

internal assessment. Methods used to assess these domains shall include

Multiple Choice Questions of one-best type, Short essay question, Oral/Viva,

and Practical/Clinical examinations.

d. Whatever may be the system of marking for all examinations throughout the

medical course the percentage of pass marks in each subject shall not be

less than 50% i.e. 50% in theory and 50% in practical separately.

e. Awards of internal assessment in all the subjects of all candidates shall be

submitted to Director Examinations along with Admission Forms for the

annual examination. Internal assessment received after commencement of

the final examination shall not be accepted.

f. The marks of internal assessment shall be submitted only once a year and

the same shall be counted both for annual and supplementary examinations.

Fresh assessment or a revision of assessment for supplementary

examination is not permissible.

g. Proper record of continuous internal assessment shall be maintained by

respective departments of the medical Colleges. University may ask details

of internal assessment of any candidate or candidates from the medical

college for a particular subject/subjects.

2.11 TABULATION OF RESULTS

a. Tabulation Section shall compile the results on computers from the award lists.

28

b. Score of theory paper shall be considered in isolation. No marks from oral and

practical/clinical examination or from internal assessment can be added to the

theory paper. The candidate shall have to pass in theory and practical clinical

examination separately.

c. Department of Examinations shall, study and monitor the maintenance of a

proper and justifiable balance between theory and practical examination. Any

gross disparity shall be brought to the notice of the Director Examinations.

d. Any ambiguity arising out of result compilation i.e., distribution of marks, posting

of marks from previous examination in case of failed candidates, pass marks

etc., shall be resolved by the Director Examinations.

e. Tabulators shall be responsible for any errors and omissions in the Results,

Notifications and Transcripts.

f. Results shall be tabulated question-wise in pre-determined format.

g. The marks of practical/clinical examination and from internal assessment, if any,

shall be computed by obtaining copy of the original award list.

h. There shall be no grace marks applied according to the policy of Bahria University.

Result of a candidate shall be declared R.L. (Result Later) on following accounts:

(1) Lack of registration, old record, awards, etc.

(2) Non-payment of fee.

(3) Pending decision of unfair means case or Court case.

(4) Pending verification of documents or eligibility for the examination

concerned.

(5) Any other inconsistency in the result pending clarification.

i. Result of the candidates in different examinations shall be compiled in

accordance with Statues and Regulations laid down for concerned course of

studies.

j. Result shall be checked by the tabulator concerned and, after compilation, a

detailed final scrutiny is to be carried out by Deputy Director Examinations.

Deputy Director Examinations shall make a detailed comparison with the original

award lists eliminating any chances of error/omission in tabulated results and

shall authenticate/sign all results.

k. All officers/personnel involved in the tabulation of results shall be signatory to

the final result and shall be held responsible for any error/omission.

29

l. Positions/Distinctions in the examination among all candidates shall be declared

according to Statutes and Regulations and reflected on first page of the Result

Notification.

m. Original result shall be kept with the Deputy Director Examination in Tabulation

Section who shall make entry of declared result in record register and keep it in

safe custody.

n. Transcripts shall be prepared, reflecting marks of the subjects, in the

examination, verified, and signed individually by Deputy Director Examinations

and any other person nominated by the Director Examinations.

o. Transcripts shall be issued to all candidates, passed or failed, after declaration

of the result through the respective Colleges on payment of prescribed fee.

p. No candidate or any other person shall be provided any details of the result

other than those given in Transcripts.

q. The Degree shall be prepared by Examinations Department duly verified by the

Director/Deputy Director Examinations, signed by the Registrar and Rector and

presented to eligible candidates at the time of Convocation.

r. In case a candidate is unable to receive his Degree at the time of Convocation,

the same shall be issued on completion of prescribed formalities.

s. A duplicate Degree shall be issued only in case of loss after payment of

prescribed fee duly supported by an affidavit and newspaper notice.

2.12 APPOINTMENT / DUTIES OF PAPER SETTERS

a. Definitions

(1) A Paper Setter is one who sets question paper(s) for a certain subject of an

examination conducted by the University.

(2) Internal paper Setter is one who sets initial question paper for a certain subject of

an examination conducted by the University.

(3) Internal paper Setter shall be the faculty member of the affiliated Medical and

Dental College for which examination is being conducted

(4) External Paper Setter shall ordinarily be the faculty member of the

30

College/Institution other than the Medical and Dental College/Colleges for which the

examination is being conducted.

(5) Final Paper Setter is one who sets final question paper(s) for a certain subject of an

examination conducted by the University.

b. Criteria for Appointment

(1) Paper Setters shall be appointed by the Director Examinations of the University as

per criteria laid down by PMDC/HEC.

(2) The Director Examinations may appoint a suitable substitute, if necessary, with

reasons to be recorded.

(3) Qualifications prescribed for Paper Setters in various subjects for undergraduate of

various disciplines shall be in conformity with the regulations framed by Pakistan

Medical and Dental Council, and other regulatory authorities.

(4) Initial Paper Setter may be faculty members of the University affiliated institutions or

other recognized medical college and shall normally be appointed three months prior to

the final examination.

(5) Internal/External Paper Setters shall normally be appointed one month prior to the

final examination.

(6) Professor may be appointed as Final Paper Setter provided he/she is in good

health.

(7) In a subject where teachers with requisite experience are not available, a consultant

with recognized, relevant postgraduate qualifications eligible to be appointed as a

teacher according to Pakistan Medical & Dental Council regulations may be appointed

as Paper Setter.

(8) Final Paper Setter shall be appointed for a particular examination only. However,

he/she may be re-appointed in subsequent examination for a term not exceeding three

consecutive years from the first appointment. Final Paper Setter can be re-appointed

for further terms.

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(9) No person shall be appointed as Paper Setter (Internal, External or Final) whose

close relative (wife, husband, son, daughter, adopted son, adopted daughter,

grandson, grand-daughter, full and half brother and sister, niece/nephew, brother and

sister in law, son and daughter in law, paternal and maternal uncle and aunt etc.) is

appearing in the examination. A Paper Setter shall decline the appointment if he/she

has been appointed inadvertently.

(11) No person shall be appointed as a Paper Setter against whom previously there has

been an adverse report, an inquiry pending or a decision in the regard made by the

Rector.

(12)Director Examinations shall have the discretion to cancel the appointment of a

Paper Setter without assigning any reason.

(13) No faculty member of any affiliated college shall claim an inherent right to be

appointed as a Paper Setter. Director Examinations shall take into account reputation

and previous conduct of every faculty member prior to his/her appointment as a Paper

Setter. Any recommendation of senior management of affiliated college for

appointment of any faculty member as a Paper Setter shall be considered an

impropriety.

2.13 Process of Paper Setting

Process of paper setting and duties of paper setters are laid down at Annex `H'

2.14 Remunerations

Paper Setter shall receive such remunerations as may be prescribed by the

University from time to time.

2.15 Disqualification of Paper Setter

a. Any Paper Setter who more than twice commits errors of language, course

contents or paper pattern, or deliberately distorts, disfigures or deforms the question

paper, shall be disqualified as a Paper Setter. The decision shall be taken by

Director Examinations and the findings shall also be reported to Head of the

Institution of the Paper Setter and, if deemed necessary, to the Pakistan Medical &

Dental Council.

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2.16 APPOINTMENT / DUTIES OF PAPER ASSESSORS

a. Definitions

(1) A Paper Assessor is one who evaluates or marks the answer books of

candidates appearing in the examinations of the University.

(2) Convener of Assessors.

b. Criteria for Appointment

(1) Paper Assessors and Convener of Assessment shall be appointed by the

Director Examinations for undergraduate examinations of the University from

amongst the panel of names duly approved by the Rector and/or Advanced

Studies and Research Board as the case may be.

(2) Qualifications prescribed for Paper Assessors in various subjects for

undergraduate examinations of various disciplines shall be in conformity with

the regulations framed by Pakistan Medical and Dental Council, Higher

Education Commission and other regulatory authorities.

(3) Director Examinations may appoint Paper Assessor from other

Institutions/Universities, if required.

(4) Retired Professor may be appointed as a Paper Assessor provided he/she is

in good health.

(5) In a subject where teachers with requisite experience are not available, a

consultant with recognized, relevant postgraduate qualifications eligible to be

appointed as a teacher according to Pakistan Medical & Dental Council

regulations may be appointed as a Paper Assessor.

(6) Paper Assessor shall be appointed for a particular examination only.

However, he/she may be re-appointed in subsequent examination by the

Director Examinations.

(7) Paper Assessor for a subject shall be appointed from amongst the panel duly

recommended for the same subject. In Final Professional MBBS however,

the Director Examinations may appoint a sub-specialist to mark answer

33

books of respective subspecialty e.g., dermatology, psychiatry, neurology,

urology, anesthesiology, neurosurgery, orthopedics surgery, etc.

(8) Paper Assessor may also be appointed as a Paper Setter and a Practical /

Clinical Examiner in the same examination.

(9) No person shall be appointed as Paper Assessor whose close relative (wife,

husband, son, daughter, adopted son, adopted daughter, grand-son, grand-

daughter, full and half brother and sister, niece/nephew, brother and sister in

law, son and daughter in law, paternal and maternal uncle and aunt etc is

appearing in the examination.

(10)No person shall be appointed as Paper Assessor against whom previously

there has been an adverse report, an inquiry pending or a decision in this

regard made by the Director Examinations.

(11)Director Examinations shall have the discretion to cancel the appointment of

a Paper Assessor without assigning any reason.

(12)No faculty member of any affiliated College shall claim an inherent right to be

appointed as a Paper Assessor. The Director Examination shall take into

account reputation and previous conduct of every faculty member prior to

his/her recommendation as a Paper Assessor. Any recommendation of

senior management of affiliated College for appointment of any faculty

member as a Paper Assessor shall be considered as an impropriety.

c. Process of Paper Assessment Detail process of paper assessment and duties of paper assessor are laid down at

Annex `J'.

d. RemunerationsThe Paper Assessors and Convener of Assessment shall receive such

remuneration as may be prescribed by the University from time to time.

e. Disqualification of Paper Assessor

(1) A Paper Assessor shall be disqualified who commits faults as mentioned below:

(a) Leaves unmarked answers or a part thereof

(b) Leaves columns of the award list blank.

34

(c) Leaves answer book or award list unsigned.

(d) Allocates more marks than the maximum.

(e) Makes an incorrect total.

(f) Counts marks of over attempted questions.

(g) Transfers erroneous marks to the award list.

(h) Commits any other mistake which is liable to make the result of the

candidates invalid/incorrect i.e., biased marking observed by Convener of

Assessment and reported in writing to the Director of Examinations, Bahria

University and verified by another Assessor. The decision shall be taken by

the Rector on the recommendations of Director Examinations and the

findings shall also be reported to Head of the Institution of the Paper

Assessor and, if deemed necessary, to Pakistan Medical & Dental Council.

2.17 APPOINTMENT / DUTIES OF EXAMINERS FOR ORAL AND PRACTICAL / CLINICAL EXAMINATION

a. Definitions

(1) Internal Examiner is one who is teaching (or has taught for at least six months

within two years of commencement of concerned examination) candidates for the

particular subject (or part thereof) of examination for which he/she is appointed.

(2) External Examiner is one who is not teaching (or has not taught during the

academic year) candidates for the particular subject of examination for which

he/she is appointed.

(3) Additional Examiner is one who is not teaching (or has not taught during the

academic year) candidates for the particular subject of examinations for which

he/she is appointed.

b. Appointment of Examiner

(1) Examiners shall be appointed by the Director Examinations for

undergraduate examinations of the University from amongst the panel of names

of examiners approved by the Director Examination of Bahria University and/or

Advanced Studies and Research Board as the case may be as per PM&DC

criteria.

(2) Examiners should always be associated with local or internal examiners for

written, oral and practical part of university examinations.

35

(3) Examiners for all subjects should be appointed from amongst the approved

list of examiners provided by the affiliated colleges

(4) The number of external and internal examiners shall be equal.

(5) The Director Examinations may appoint a suitable substitute, if necessary

with reasons to be-recorded.

(6) Qualification eligibility criteria prescribed for Examiners in various subjects for

undergraduate examinations of various disciplines shall be in conformity with the

relevant regulations framed by Pakistan Medical and Dental Council, Higher

Education Commission and other relevant regulatory authorities.

(7) Professor may be appointed as Examiner provided he/she is in good health.

(8) Examiner for a subject shall be appointed from amongst the panel

selected/recommended for the same subject.

(9) In sub-specialties where teacher with requisite experience are not available,

a consultant with recognized, relevant postgraduate qualifications eligible to be

appointed as a teacher according to Pakistan Medical & Dental Council

Regulations, involved in postgraduate training duly approved by relevant

authorities may be appointed as Examiner.

(10) The subject in which there is no Professor, Head of Department shall be

eligible to act as Examiner.

(11) Additional Examiner shall have the same qualifications as prescribed for

other Examiners.

(12) An Examiner shall be appointed for a particular examination only. However,

he/she may be re-appointed in subsequent examinations subject to the approval

of Rector.

(13) An Examiner may also be appointed as a Paper Setter and Paper Assessor

in the same examination.

(14) No person shall be appointed as an Examiner whose close relative (wife,

husband, son, daughter, adopted son, adopted daughter, grand-son, grand-

daughter, full and half brother and sister, niece/nephew, brother and sister in law,

son and daughter in law, paternal and maternal uncle and aunt etc.) is appearing

in the examination.

(15) No person shall be appointed as an Examiner against whom previously there

has been an adverse report, an inquiry pending or a decision in this regard made

by the Director Examinations.

36

(16) Director Examinations, may cancel the appointment of an Examiner without

assigning any reason.

(17) No faculty member of any affiliated College shall claim an inherent right to be

appointed as External Examiner. Any recommendation of senior management of affiliated

Colleges for appointment of any faculty member as Examiner shall be considered as an

impropriety.

c. Criteria for Appointment of Internal Examiner according to PM&DC Rules(1) The Internal Examiner for various subject should be Professor and Head of

Department who have been involved in teaching of the class being examined

for at least six months and have delivered 50% of the total lectures.

(2) Second preference is Associate Professor/Assistant Professor who is involved

in teaching of the class and posted there for one year.

(3) Third preference is a recognized professor of the subject.

d. Criteria for Appointment of External Examiner according to PM&DC rules(1) External Examiner for various subjects should be Professor or Associated

Professor of a recognized medical college or at least an Assistant Professor with

three years teaching experience in the relevant subjects.

(2) External examiners should not be appointed for more than three consecutive years

e. Process of Appointment of Examiners for Practical and Conduct of Practical Examination(1) Examiner shall conduct the Oral and Practical/Clinical examination in

accordance with prescribed rules of the University.

(2) When an Examiner anticipates his/her inability to participate in any

examination for any valid reason to be recorded, he/she shall forthwith return

the Acceptance Form marked as "Unwilling" to the Director Examinations.

(3) Oral and Practical/Clinical examination shall be held at a place approved by

the University.

(4) External Examiner shall always be associated with Internal Examiner. In

Oral/Clinical examination both Internal Examiner and External Examiner shall

always examine the candidate together and no single Examiner shall

examine the candidate in isolation. The marks shall, however, be entered by

each Examiner in separate award list without consulting the other Examiner.

(5) A pair of Examiners shall examine a maximum number of thirty candidates a day.

37

(6) The Director Examinations, in case of any reported risk of impropriety in any

examination, can appoint an Additional Examiner from the panel of

Examiners.

(7) Additional Examiner shall be an equal and independent assessor in practical

examination.

(8) Examiner shall promptly communicate any change in his/her

residential/official address or telephone numbers to the Director

Examinations.

(9) While preparing the award list for Oral and Practical/Clinical examination, the

Examiner must ensure that:

(a) Award list is prepared separately by both External Examiner and

Internal Examiner.

(b) Only prescribed form of the University is used for practical awards.

(c) The name of examination, subject and institution should be clearly

written on each page.

(d) Award list shall be filled in with blue/black ink in the handwriting of the

Examiner.

(e) Absent candidate shall be marked in red.

(f) No candidate should be missed out.

(g) Fractional marks are not awarded.

(h) Each page of the award list is signed by the Examiner.

(i) Marks obtained by the candidate are entered correctly in the award list

both in figures and words against the corresponding roll number.

(j) Marks entered on the award list shall not be altered. When such an

alteration is inevitable for any specified reason, the original marks shall

not be erased or over-written. The Examiner shall draw a line crossing

the marks to be corrected in such a way that what has been cancelled

is still legible and then enter fresh marks, and put his/her signatures

against the cancelled ones.

(k) Immediately after completion of Oral and Practical/Clinical examination,

the award/lists should be sent through special courier to the Director

38

Examinations on the same day in a sealed envelope marked as

`CONFIDENTIAL'.

(10) Examiner shall report to the Director Examinations, by name, the case of a

candidate who, in the opinion of the Examiner, has used any unfair means.

(11) Director Examinations shall forward a report to the Rector and Pakistan

Medical & Dental Council of such Examiner who declines to attend the

assigned duty without any valid reasons.

(12) The Rector, on the recommendations of Director Examinations, may

disqualify for any specified period an Examiner who violates the conditions

as laid down in the Regulations.

The University may frame Rules from time to time governing the appointment of

Examiners and the manner in which they shall be required to perform their duties.

f. Remunerations

The Examiners shall receive such remunerations as may be prescribed by the

University.

g. Disqualification of Examiner for Practical Examination

Any Examiner making a single deliberate error with mala .fide intention shall be

disqualified as an Examiner. An Examiner, who more than twice makes errors,

distorts or deforms the practical results, shall also be disqualified. The decision shall

be taken by Rector Bahria University on the recommendations of Director

"Examinations and the finding shall also be reported to Head of the Institution of the

Examiner and, if deemed necessary, to the Pakistan Medical & Dental Council.

2.18 APPOINTMENT / DUTIES OF CENSOR

a. Definitions

Censor is a person who critically observes, analyzes, and reports on the

organization, conduct and standardization of an examination for which he/she is

appointed.

b. Criteria for Appointment(1) Censor shall be appointed by the Director Examinations with the approval of

39

Rector, as and when required.

(2) Censor shall be an eminent person with vast experience in Health Sciences,

and seniority to qualify for such an appointment.

c. Duties

Duties of Censor are laid down at Annex `K'.

Censor Report Performa is placed at Annex ‘L’

2.19 RECOUNTING OF ANSWER BOOKS/AWARDS

a. After declaration of results, a candidate may apply to the Director

Examinations for recounting of his/her results.

b. The candidate shall apply on the prescribed application form duly

recommended by the concerned Principal/Dean of the College along with

prescribed fee and a copy of the Detailed Marks Certificate.

c. The prescribed fee for rechecking shall be notified separately by the

University. The fee for rechecking i.e. Rs 500/- per subject shall be non-

refundable.

d. Applications for rechecking shall be received in the office of the Director

Examinations not later then fifteen days after the date of declaration of the

result of the concerned examination.

e. The candidate or anybody on his/her behalf shall have no right to see or

examine the answer books for any purpose.

f. The answer books of a candidate in any examination of the University shall

not be re-assessed after the declaration of the result.

g. Whereas rechecking does not mean reassessment or re-evaluation of an

answer book, the Director Examinations or any officer authorized by him or

the Rechecking Committee approved by the Rector shall, satisfy that the

result of the candidate has been correctly compiled and declared, that is:

40

(1) No answer in the answer book or part thereof has been left unmarked.(2) The Paper Assessor has correctly transferred the total of each

question from the answer book to award list.

(3) No error is detected in the grand total of marks.

(4) All entries in the answer book and practical awards have been

correctly transferred to the result sheet and subsequently to the

Transcripts of the candidate.

(5) The answer book or any part thereof has not been changed or

detached.

(6) The answer book is in the handwriting of the candidate.

h. The benefit of grant of average marks shall not be given to the candidate in

case of rechecking if his/her answer book(s) is/are not traceable at the time of

rechecking. In such cases, verification from original award list shall be deemed to

be final.

i. The Officer/Rechecking Committee appointed by Director Examinations in

the event of detection of any numerical error in the answer books or in compilation

of the result of the candidate (as defined above) shall report the case to Director

Examinations, Upon confirmation of the omission/mistake, Director Examinations

shall take necessary steps with the approval of the Rector to rectify it and, after

such rectification, shall issue a revised Result Notification and Transcript.

2.20 USE OF UNFAIR MEANS

a. Any candidate who, after announcement made by Superintendent, fails to .part

with or is found to have access to books or notes, papers, bags, pencil cases,

pagers, mobile phones, calculators, palmtop computer, tape recorders or any

other material or equipment in his/her possession relating to the subject of

examination of that paper or detected in giving or receiving assistance, or using

or attempting to use any other unfair means in connection with the examination,

shall be expelled by the Superintendent from the Examination Centre and

his/her answer book shall be cancelled and case be reported to the Director

Examinations.

b. In case any student is found using unfair means, evidence is to be collected and

requisite Performa is to be filled and signed by concerned invigilator. Statement

may be taken from the student, if he is willing to do so.

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c. Any candidate found guilty of copying from any paper, book or notes, allowing

any other candidate to copy his/her answer-book, may be disqualified from

appearing in examination for a period which may extend to one year. Decision

given by the Director Examinations will be treated as final.

d. Any candidate found guilty of impersonation, who impersonates such candidate

and is on the rolls of an affiliated College, shall be disqualified i.e., both

candidate and impersonator for a period which may extend up to five years.

e. If the impersonator is not on the rolls of an affiliated College, the Director

Examinations shall register a case with the Police, and shall send intimation to

this effect to the Rector for cancellation of his/her Degree.

f. Any candidate found guilty of resorting to physical assault on the Supervisory

Staff or University Officers or University Officials or any other depute in the

Examination Centre or other candidates shall be disqualified permanently.

g. Any candidate found guilty of possessing fire arms, daggers, knives and other

weapons, which may cause injury, shall be disqualified for a period of three

years to appear in any examination of the University.

h. Any candidate found guilty of instigating others to stage a walkout or resort to a

pen-down strike shall be liable to expulsion by the Superintendent or the Director

Examinations or any officer duly authorized by the Rector shall be disqualified

for a period up to three years to appear in any examination of the University.

i. Any candidate found guilty of obtaining admission to the examination on false

statement made on his/her Admission Form shall be disqualified to appear in

that examination.

j. Any candidate found guilty of forging another person's signatures on his/her

application or Admission Form may be disqualified for a period of one year.

k. The answer book of a candidate shall be cancelled if found guilty of disclosing

his/her identity or making peculiar marks or using abusive or obscene language

or making an appeal in his/her answer book to the Examiner.

l. Any candidate found guilty of influencing or attempting to influence, the

Examiners or Supervisory Staff or the Director Examinations and other

University Staff directly or through his/her relatives or guardians or friends with

the objective of gaining benefit in the examination shall be disqualified for that

examination.

m. Any candidate who refuses to obey the Centre Superintendent or changes

his/her seat with another candidate, or changes his/her roll number shall be

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expelled from the Examination Centre and his/her answer book shall be

cancelled.

n. Any candidate found guilty of cheating in the examination by way of depositing

less fee and enhancing it through forgery on Bank receipt shall be debarred to

appear in that examination.

o. A Committee shall be constituted by the Director Examination to deal with unfair

means cases.

p. In case of an emergency, the Rector may award suitable punishment without

reference to the Committee, in commensuration with the gravity of offence, to

any candidate or to any student on the rolls of an affiliated College, who creates

disturbance of any kind during an examination or otherwise misbehaves in or

around any Examination Centre.

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CHAPTER – 3

3. ACADEMIC DISHONESTY STUDENT’S GUIDE

3.1 Definition:

Academic dishonesty or academic misconduct is any type of cheating that occurs in relation

to a formal academic exercise. It can include:

a. Plagiarism: The adoption or reproduction of ideas or words or statements of another

person without due acknowledgment.

b. Fabrication: The falsification of data, information, or citations in any formal academic

exercise.

c. Deception: Providing false information to an instructor concerning a formal academic

exercise—e.g., giving a false excuse for missing a deadline or falsely claiming to have

submitted work.

d. Cheating: Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise (like

an examination) without due acknowledgment.

e. Sabotage: Acting to prevent others from completing their work. This includes cutting

pages out of library books or willfully disrupting the experiments of others.

f. Professorial misconduct: Professorial acts that are academically fraudulent equate to

academic fraud.

Academic dishonesty has been documented in almost every type of educational setting,

from elementary school to graduate school, and has been met with varying degrees of

approbation throughout history. Educated society tends to take a very negative view of

academic dishonesty.

3.2 History:

In antiquity, the notion of intellectual property did not exist. Ideas were the common property

of the literate elite. Books were published by hand-copying them. Scholars freely made

digests or commentaries on other works, which could contain as much or as little original

material as the author desired. There was no standard system of citation, because printing

and its resulting fixed pagination—was in the future. In effect, scholars were an elite and a

small one, who knew and generally trusted each other. This system continued through the

European Middle Ages. Education was in Latin and occasionally Greek. Some scholars

were monks, lived in monasteries, and spent much of their time copying manuscripts. Other

scholars were in urban universities connected to the Roman Catholic Church.

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Academic dishonesty dates back to the first tests. Scholars note that cheating was prevalent

on the Chinese civil service exams thousands of years ago, even when cheating carried the

penalty of death for both examinee and examiner. Before the founding of the Modern

Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA) at end of

the 19th century, there were no set rules on how to properly cite quotations from others'

writings, which may have caused many cases of plagiarism out of ignorance.

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, cheating was widespread at college campuses in the

United States, and was not considered dishonorable among students. It has been estimated

that as many as two-thirds of students cheated at some point of their college careers at the

turn of the 20th century. Fraternities often operated so-called essay mills, where term

papers were kept on file and could be resubmitted over and over again by different students,

often with the only change being the name on the paper. As higher education trended

towards meritocracy, however, a greater emphasis was put on anti-cheating policies, and

the newly diverse student bodies tended to arrive with a more negative view of academic

dishonesty.

3.3 Academic Dishonesty Today:

Academic dishonesty is endemic in all levels of education. The studies show that 20% of

students started cheating in the first grade; similarly other studies reveal that currently 56%

of middle school students and 70% of high school students have cheated.

Students are not the only ones to cheat in an academic setting. A study of teachers further

revealed that some 35 percent of respondents said they had witnessed their colleagues

cheating in one form or another. The rise of high-stakes testing and the consequences of

the results on the teacher is cited as a reason why a teacher might want to inflate the results

of their students.

The first scholarly studies in the 1960s of academic dishonesty in higher education found

that somewhere between 50%-70% of college students had cheated in institutions,

depending on the size, selectivity, and anti-cheating policies. Generally, the smaller and

more selective the institutions, the less cheating occurs there. As for graduate education, a

recent study in USA found that 56% of MBA students admitted cheating, along with 54% of

graduate students in engineering, 48% in education, and 45% in law.

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3.4 Types of Academic Dishonesty:

3.4.1 Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the adoption or reproduction of the ideas or words or statements of

another person without due acknowledgment. This can range from borrowing without

attribution a particularly apt phrase, to paraphrasing someone else's original idea

without citation, to wholesale contract cheating. When plagiarizing, students will often

turn to the Internet, due the ease of copying and pasting from websites. Other more

old fashioned forms of plagiarism such as paper mills and passing off obscure articles

or chapters of books of others as original work also still occur. Plagiarized papers are

often riddled with gross inconsistencies such as referencing non-existent sections of

the essay, changes in spelling and grammar customs, or the argument changing in

mid-paragraph.

3.4.2 FabricationFabrication is the falsification of data, information, or citations in any formal academic

exercise. This includes making up citations to back up arguments or inventing

quotations. Fabrication predominates in the natural sciences, where students

sometimes fudge numbers to make experiments "work". It includes data falsification,

in which false claims are made about research performed, including selective

submitting of results to exclude inconvenient data to generating bogus data.

Bibliographical references are often fabricated, especially when a certain minimum

number of references is required or considered sufficient for the particular kind of

paper. This type of fabrication can range from referring to works whose titles look

relevant but which the student did not read, to making up bogus titles and authors.

3.4.3 DeceptionDeception is providing false information to a teacher/instructor concerning a formal

academic exercise. Examples of this include taking more time on a take-home test

than is allowed, giving a dishonest excuse when asking for a deadline extension, or

falsely claiming to have submitted work. This type of academic misconduct is often

considered softer than the more obvious forms of cheating, and otherwise-honest

students sometimes engage in this type of dishonesty without considering

themselves cheaters. It is also sometimes done by students who have failed to

complete an assignment, to avoid responsibility for doing so.

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3.4.4 SabotageSabotage is when a student prevents others from completing their work. This

includes cutting pages out of library books or willfully disrupting the experiments of

others. Sabotage is usually only found in highly competitive, cutthroat environments,

such as at extremely elite schools where class rankings are highly prized.

Some medical-school librarians have noted that important articles—required reading

for key courses—are frequently missing from bound journals—sliced out with razor

blades, scalpels, or other sharp blades. Other journals will be marked up in crayon.

3.4.5 CheatingThe use of crib notes during an examination is typically viewed as cheating. Cheating

can take the form of crib notes, looking over someone's shoulder during an exam, or

any forbidden sharing of information between students regarding an exam or

exercise. Many elaborate methods of cheating have been developed over the years.

For instance, students have been documented hiding notes in the bathroom toilet

tank, in the brims of their baseball caps, or up their sleeves. Also, the storing of

information in graphing calculators, pagers, cell phones, and other electronic devices

has cropped up since the information revolution began. While students have long

surreptitiously scanned the tests of those seated near them, some students actively

try to aid those who are trying to cheat. Methods of secretly signaling the right answer

to friends are quite varied, ranging from coded sneezes or pencil tapping to high-

pitched noises beyond the hearing range of most teachers. Some students have

been known to use more elaborate means, such as using a system of repetitive body

signals like hand movements or foot jerking to distribute answers (i.e. where a tap of

the foot could correspond to answer "A", two taps for answer "B", and so on).

Cheating differs from most other forms of academic dishonesty, in that people can

engage in it without benefiting themselves academically at all. For example, a student

who illicitly telegraphed answers to a friend during a test would be cheating, even

though the student's own work is in no way affected. Another example of academic

dishonesty is a dialogue between students in the same class but in two different time

periods, both of which a test is scheduled for that day. If the student in the earlier time

period informs the other student in the later period about the test; that is considered

academic dishonesty, even though the first student has not benefited himself. This

form of cheating—though deprecated—could conceivably be called altruistic.

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3.4.6 Professorial misconductProfessorial misconduct includes improper grading of students' papers and oral

exams, deliberate negligence towards cheating or assistance in cheating. This can be

done for reasons of personal bias towards students (favoritism), for a bribe, or to

improve the teacher's own perceived performance by increasing the passing rate.

N.B The causes for a student to indulge in an Academic Dishonesty e.g. Demographics,

Contextual, Ethical, Personal, Faculty etc have not been deliberated upon.

There are a variety of causes of academic misconduct. Researchers have studied the

correlation of cheating to personal characteristics, demographics, contextual factors,

methods of deterring misconduct, even stages of moral development.

3.5 Effects:

Cheating in academia has a host of effects on students, on teachers, on individual

institutions, and on the educational system itself.

For instance, students who engage in neutralization to justify cheating, even once, are more

likely to engage in cheating in the future, potentially putting them on a road to a life of

dishonesty. Indeed, one study found that students who are dishonest in class are more likely

to engage in fraud and theft on the job when they enter the workplace. Students are also

negatively affected by academic dishonesty after graduation. A university Transcript/Degree

is an important document in the labor market. Potential employers use a degree as a

representation of a graduate's knowledge and ability. However, due to academic dishonesty,

not all graduates with the same grades actually did the same work or have the same skills.

Thus, when faced with the fact that they do not know which graduates are skilled and which

are the "lemons", employers must pay all graduates based on the quality of the average

graduate. Therefore, the more students who cheat, getting by without achieving the required

skills or learning, the lower the quality of the average graduate of a school, and thus the less

employers are willing to pay a new hire from that school. Because of this reason, all

students, even those that do not cheat themselves, are negatively affected by academic

misconduct.

Academic dishonesty also creates problems for teachers. In economic terms, cheating

causes an underproduction of knowledge, where the professor's job is to produce

knowledge. Moreover, a case of cheating often will cause emotional distress to faculty

members, many considering it to be a personal fight against them or a violation of their trust.

Dealing with academic misconduct is often one of the worst parts of a career in education,

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one survey claiming that 77% of academics agreed with the statement "dealing with a

cheating student is one of the most onerous aspects of the job."

Academic misconduct can also have an effect on an institutions reputation, one of the most

important assets of any school. An institution plagued by cheating scandals may become

less attractive to potential donors and students and especially prospective employers.

Alternately, institutions with low levels of academic dishonesty can use their reputation to

attract students and employers.

Ultimately, academic dishonesty undermines the academic world. It interferes with the basic

mission of education, the transfer of knowledge, by allowing students to get by without

having to master the knowledge. Furthermore, academic dishonesty creates an atmosphere

that is not conducive to the learning process, which affects honest students as well. When

honest students see cheaters escape detection, it can discourage student morale, as they

see the rewards for their work cheapened. Cheating also undermines academia when

students steal ideas. Ideas are a professional author's "capital and identity", and if a

person's ideas are stolen it retards the pursuit of knowledge.

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