Performance Enhancing Drugs

and

Sport Injuries and Preventio

Name ……………………………………………………………….

Performance Enhancing Drugs

These drugs enhance a performance in some way, some are socially acceptable, many are illegal.

Type of drug Effect on Body Taken byAnabolic Steroids Increases muscle mass

Train harder for longerSpeeds up recovery time

Beta Blockers Snooker PlayersArchers

Diuretics Jockey’s or Boxers

Narcotic Analgesics Increase pain thresholdMask injuries

Stimulants Sprinters

Peptide Hormones(including EPO)

Human Growth Hormone (HGH):Increase muscle mass and therefore strength.Erythropoietin (EPO):Increased red blood cell productionIncreased O2 delivery to muscles

HGH:Sprinters/weightliftersEPO:Marathon Runners

1. How does Erythropoietin (EPO) aid performance in long distance runners? (1 mark)

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2. Describe the circumstances that might lead to a performer taking stimulants, even though they are a banned performance-enhancing drug. (2 marks)

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3. When injured some performers may be tempted to take drugs to allow them to maintain their training. What category of drug would a performer take to hide pain? (1 mark)

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4. What effect do beta blockers have on a performers heart rate?

(1 mark)

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Recreational Drugs

Negative effects on health

Negative effects on performance

ALCOHOL

Heart Failure

Increased Blood Pressure

Increased Weight

Liver disease/cancer

NICOTINE/CIGARETTES

Stroke

Bronchitis

Heart Disease/Angina

Blood Clots

Emphysema

Lung Cancer

ALCOHOL

Slower reaction times

Less mobile due to increased weight

Loss of coordination

Loss on concentration

SMOKING

Causes breathlessness

Reduces oxygen-carrying capacity

5. Identify two of the possible negative effects of smoking on the respiratory system. (2 marks)

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6. Smoking does not form part of a healthy active lifestyle. Identify two of the possible negative effects of smoking on the cardiovascular system. (2 marks)

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Recreational drugs

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Performance Enhancing Drugs

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EXAM TOP TIP:

Look out for questions where a specific area of health has been identified.

5. Identify two of the possible negative effects of smoking on the respiratory system.

READ THE QUESTION! Make sure you write about the correct system!!!

Sports Injuries and Risk Prevention

What is the first thing you should complete before doing any type of physical activity?

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Type of risk Detail ExampleGeneral Risks Associated with most

physical activity.Sprain an ankle.Fall overPull a muscle

Specific Risks Activity specific risks. Risk of being hit with a hockey ball.Dislocation during a tackle in rugby.Broken finger by being hit by a basketball.

7. Give two examples of how you can reduce risk of injury through personal readiness (2 marks)

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8. For each of the potential injuries below, give an example of how you would reduce risk through personal readiness (2 marks)

Fractured shin ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Soft tissue injury ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. What is the purpose of completing a PAR-Q? (1 mark)

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Complete the table giving details and an example of how each thing can prevent injury

Warming Up/Cooling Down Checking equipment/facilities

Protective equipment/clothing Balanced Competition

Rules of the Competition Physical Readiness

10. It is important that Lucy does not over-exercise as this may lead to injury. State four other ways that Lucy may avoid injury. (4 Marks)

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11. State how the competition has been balanced in the following scenarios.

U19’s football tournament ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Judo Brown Belt Competition ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Women’s Indoor Hockey Championship ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Heavyweight Boxing Competition ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXAM TOP TIP:

In the exam you should choose the MOST obvious answers to questions.

When giving examples of DIFFERENT ways to prevent injury think in terms of categories

Warming Up/Cooling Down Balanced Competition

Protective Equipment/Clothing Checking Equipment/Facilities

Rules of the Competition Physical Readiness

- If you answered with wear a gum shield and wear shin pads, these are BOTH examples of protective equipment/clothing!

Types of Injury

Injuries to the muscular system

Soft tissue Injuries

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Treatment for muscular injuries

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Injuries to the skeletal system

There are four types of fracture that you need to know.

Open (Compound) Fractures Simple (Greenstick) Fractures

Stress FracturesClosed Fractures

Injuries to Joint

Tennis Elbow

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Dislocation

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Sprains

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Torn Cartilage

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What does RICE stand for?

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Key Terms and Glossary

Anabolic Steroids

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Beta Blockers ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Diuretics

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Erythropoietin (EPO)

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Narcotic Analgesics

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PAR-Q

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Peptide Hormones

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RICE

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Stimulants

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