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SKILLS FRAMEWORK FOR AEROSPACE SKILL STANDARD FOR CAT A CERTIFYING TECHNICIAN

Occupation: Cat A Certifying Technician

Occupation Description:

The Category A (Cat A) Certifying Technician performs minor and simple scheduled line and base maintenance tasks within the limit specified in the authorisation certificate.

He/She tests serviceability of aircraft line replacement units using test switches, built-in test equipment (BITE) and other than specialised test equipment. He/She also carries out routine fluid servicing of hydraulic and other systems.

The Cat A Certifying Technician participates in problem-solving teams with internal departments and performs continuous process improvement.

The Cat A Certifying Technician is authorised to issue certificates of release to service, following minor scheduled line, and completion of simple tasks in line and base maintenance, within the limit of tasks specified in the authorisation certificate.

Important Points to Note about this DocumentThis document is intended purely to provide general information to enable individuals, employers and training providers to be informed about the skills for career, training and education purposes. SSG provides no warranty whatsoever about the contents of this document, and does not warrant that the courses of action mentioned in this document will secure employment, promotion, or monetary benefits.

Copyright 2017 © SkillsFuture Singapore Agency. All rights reserved. Version 1.1. 1


The skills expected of Cat A Certifying Technician are summarised as below:

Skill Category Skill

Legislation and Regulation

AER-LRE-2081-1.1 Apply Basic Human Factors and Error Management

AER-LRE-2082-1.1 Interpret Basic Regulation Requirements

AER-LRE-4083-1.1 Apply Principles of Aviation Legislation

MaintenanceAER-MAI-3036-1.1 Maintain Aeroplane Propeller (Basic)

AER-MAI-2013-1.1 Perform Aircraft General Maintenance

Operations PlanningAER-OPR-1110-1.1 Plan Resources to Meet Production

Processes PRE-OPL-4002-1 Use Hand Tools

Technical and Engineering

Fundamentals

AER-TEF-3029-1.1 Apply Principles of Electrical Fundamentals (Basic)

AER-TEF-3031-1.1 Apply Principles of Digital Techniques (Basic)

AER-TEF-3032-1.1 Select Aerospace Materials and Hardware (Basic)

AER-TEF-3033-1.1 Perform Aerospace Maintenance Practices (Basic)

AER-TEF-3035-1.1 Apply Principles of Aerodynamics (Basic)

AER-TEF-5047-1.1 Apply Principles of Human Factors

AER-TEF-3030-1.1 Apply Principles of Turbine Aeroplane Aerodynamics, Structures and Systems (Basic)

AER-TEF-3034-1.1 Apply Principles of Gas Turbine Engine (Basic)

Workplace Safety and Health

AER-WSH-2011-1.1 Perform Basic Safety Practices and Documentation

PRE-WSH-4005-1 Supervise Manufacturing Work for Workplace Safety and Health

Quality AER-QUA-1099-1.1 Apply Quality Systems

Productivity and Innovation

PRE-MPI-2005-1 Apply Lean Thinking in the Workplace

PRE-MPI-2004-1 Apply Basic ‘Lean’ Techniques in the Workplace

PRE-MPI-3007-1 Supervise Work Improvement Processes

Project Management AER-PMA-3116-1.1 Perform Project Planning



Skill Category Skill

Planning and Implementation

BM-SPI-304E-1 Display Critical Thinking and Analytical Skills

People and Relationship Management

ES-IP-301G-1 Facilitate Effective Communication and Engagement at the Workplace

ES-IP-302G-1 Facilitate Effective Work Teams

Human ResourceAER-HRE-3142-1.1 Assess Competence

AER-HRE-2141-1.1 Facilitate Workplace Learning

Personal Management and Development

ES-PMD-303G-1 Apply Emotional Competence to Manage Self and Team at the Workplace

ES-PMD-301G-1 Develop Personal Effectiveness at Supervisory Level

Analytical, Conceptual and Evaluative

ES-ACE-302G-1 Solve Problems and Make Decisions at Supervisory Level



Skill Code AER-LRE-2081-1.1Skill Category Legislation and RegulationSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Apply Basic Human Factors and Error Management

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply human factors and basic error management in aviation context. It also includes the understanding of human limitations and error, organisational factors and the working environment that might contribute to incident and/or accident.

The ability to understand:

Knowledge and Analysis

Human factors in aviation Human limitations and error Organisational factors and the working environment Error managementIt refers to gathering,

cognitive processing, integration and inspection of facts and information required to perform the work tasks and activities.

The ability to:Application and Adaptation

Understand the importance of human factors and how they have contributed to aviation accidents

Relate how various human limitations and behaviours can affect performance

Identify the differences between an error and a violation, and the importance of basic error management principles

Describe the effect of the organisation and the working environment on safety and performance

It refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work.

N/AInnovation and Value Creation

It refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.



N/A

Social Intelligence and Ethics

It refers to the ability to use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.

The ability to:Learning to Learn Relate how various human limitations and behaviours can affect

performanceIt refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

Human factors in aviation may include but not limited to: Role of human factors in aviation safety Role of error chains; Murphy’s law; ‘Dirty Dozen’ Factors that have attributed to aviation accidents

Human limitations and error may include but not limited to: Limitations that can affect the work of a technician Role of memory, stress, knowledge and experience, complacency Work ethics and compliance

Organisational factors and the working environment may include but not limited to: Organisational factors that can affect safety Effects of staffing, resource levels and workloads Importance of work culture within an organisation

Error management may include but not limited to: Types of error and violation Methods of reducing and preventing error Reporting processes and procedures

Range of Application

It refers to the critical circumstances that the skill may be demonstrated.




Skill Interpret Basic Regulation Requirement

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to recall and interpret the aviation regulatory requirements as well as how they are applied to the aircraft maintenance environment



Regulatory Framework Air Navigation Order Singapore Airworthiness Requirement Aviation legislations relevant to a holder of aircraft maintenance licenceIt refers to gathering,

cognitive processing, integration and inspection of facts and information required to perform the work tasks and activities.


Understand the functions of and relationships between International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) and Singapore aviation legislation

Identify the requirement of Air Navigation Order Comprehend the aviation legislations relevant to a holder of aircraft

maintenance licenceIt refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work. N/A Innovation and Value Creation




N/A

Social Intelligence and EthicsIt refers to the ability to use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.

The ability to:Learning to Learn

It refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

Interpret the key features of Singapore Airworthiness Requirement and its associated parts

Functions of and relationships between International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) and Singapore aviation legislation may include but not limited to: History and setup of ICAO (UK) Regulation of the Singapore aviation industry

Requirement of Air Navigation Order may include but not limited to: Setup of the ANO (UK) Delegation of responsibilities to the DGCA Penalties for the violation of ANO

Features of Singapore Airworthiness Requirement and its associated parts may include but not limited to: Singapore Airworthiness Requirements

o Requirement of SAR-21 o Requirement of SAR-39 o Requirement of SAR-66 o Requirement of SAR145 o Requirement of SAR-147

Aviation legislations relevant to a holder of aircraft maintenance licence may include but not limited to: Air Operator certificate application process Airworthiness notices Concept and special requirements of Extended Deviation Time Operation

(EDTO)






Skill Apply Principles of Aviation Legislation

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply knowledge of aviation legislation and regulatory requirements in Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) and/or SAR Part 21 certified products and articles and of design and production organisations.



Regulatory Framework SAR-21 Certification of Products and Design and Production

Organisations SAR-39 Airworthiness Directive SAR-66 Certifying Staff – Maintenance SAR-145 Approved Maintenance Organisation SAR-147 Approval of Maintenance Training Organisation Air Operator Certificate Requirements Regulatory documents and notices

It refers to gathering, cognitive processing, integration and inspection of facts and information required to perform the work tasks and activities.


Describe the detailed requirements of certifying maintenance staff in SAR-66 syllabus

Describe the requirements of an approved maintenance organisation covered in SAR-145 and approval of maintenance training organisation covered in SAR-147

Describe the Air Operator Certificate Requirements (AOCR) Describe other aviation legislations relevant to a holder of aircraft

maintenance licence


N/A Innovation and Value Creation




N/A




Describe the functions of and relationships between International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) and Singapore aviation legislation

Range of ApplicationIt refers to the critical circumstances that the skill may be demonstrated.

Regulatory Framework

Role of International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Role and responsibilities contracting states Air Navigation Order Singapore Airworthiness requirements Air Operator Certificate requirements Airworthiness notices Advisory circulars Notices of amendment and information circulars

SAR-21 Certification of Products and Design and Production Organisations

Familiarisation and understanding of SAR-21

SAR-39 Airworthiness Directive• Familiarisation and understanding of SAR-39

SAR-66 Certifying Staff – Maintenance• Detailed understanding of SAR-66

SAR-145 Approved Maintenance Organisation• Detailed understanding of SAR-145

SAR-147 Approval of Maintenance Training Organisation• Familiarisation and understanding of SAR-147

Air Operator Certificate Requirements

General understanding of the AOCR Aircraft Maintenance

o Maintenance Responsibilityo Maintenance Management



o Aircraft Maintenance Programme (including CMR) o Aircraft Technical Logo Maintenance Records and Log Bookso Accident and/or Occurrence Reporting



Skill Code AER-MAI-3036-1.1

Skill Category MaintenanceSkill Sub-Category

(where applicable)

Aircraft Maintenance (Mechanical)

Skill Maintain Aeroplane Propeller (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply basic principles of propeller, construction and auxiliary propeller system when maintaining aircraft propellers. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Fundamentals of propeller operation Construction of propeller Methods for pitch control and protection Prevention and removal of ice on propeller Propeller maintenance Methods for propeller storage and preservation



Familiarise with propeller operation and construction Explain operations of pitch control and ice protection system Evaluate maintenance requirements for propeller


The ability to:Innovation and Value Creation

Review propeller storage and preservation methods




The ability to:


Report ice control methods Apply safe work practices during maintenance work


The ability to:Learning to Learn Evaluate maintenance requirements for propeller




Knowledge on principles of operation must include: Blade element theory High and/or low blade angle, reverse angle, angle of attack, rotational

speed Propeller slip Relative airflow on blade angle of attack Vibration and resonance Propeller pitch (geometric pitch and/or effective pitch and/or slip) Main forces acting on a propeller during operation (shape changing force

and pitch changing force) Miscellaneous forces acting on the propeller Torque sensing system (electronic and hydro-mechanical systems)

Propeller construction features must include: Commonly used terminologies for describing a propeller Construction methods for propeller (wood, aluminium, steel and

composite) Materials used for propeller (wood, aluminium, steel and composite) Blade station, blade face, blade shank, blade back and hub assembly Propeller and/or spinner installation Quantity of blades on each propeller Types of reduction gearing Propeller brake Flanged and/or tapered and/or splined shaft installation Propeller safetying Fixed versus variable pitch propeller (ground adjustable pitch, automatic

pitch change and controllable pitch change) Flyweight controlled governor

Propeller pitch control and/or change must include: Components for hydro mechanical pitch change and/or control Speed control and pitch change methods, mechanical and electrical



and/or electronic Feathering and reverse pitch Over speed protection Centrifugal twisting force Counterweight Adjustable feeder spring Flyweight assembly Pitch stops Manual and auto feathering design Reversible pitch propeller for ground operation

Types of ice protection system must include Isopropyl alcohol and ethylene glycol fluid anti-icing Electro thermal elements de-icing and anti-icing

Proper tolerance specification and/or maintenance is essential for aircraft assembly and must include: Horizontal and vertical static balancing for two bladed propeller Three bladed propeller balancing Knife edge versus suspension method Rotational dynamic balancing Propeller and/or blade tracking and adjustment Blade angle check via universal propeller protractor Assessment of blade damage, erosion, corrosion, impact damage,

delamination Propeller blade paddle Counterweight propeller adjustment Shaft concentricity Inspection and defects on wooden propeller, e.g. delamination Inspection and defects on aluminium and steel propeller Inspection and defects on composite propeller Allowable repairs and methods of treatment Engine run

Propeller storage and preservation must include: Removed propeller Installed propeller Propeller preservation and depreservation



Skill Code AER-MAI-2013-1.1Skill Category MaintenanceSkill Sub-Category(where applicable)

Aircraft Maintenance (Mechanical)

Skill Perform Aircraft General MaintenanceSkill Description This skill describes the ability to perform aircraft general maintenance in

accordance with applicable technical manuals and organisational procedures.



Type of lubricants and lubricating techniques Techniques for removal and installation of components Types of labels for tagging components Types of ground support equipment and their uses Aircraft towing operations Process of identifying parts for repair and/or replacement Operation, function and use of general test equipment Cleaning techniques Process of performing general cleaning of aircraft components Process of performing general corrosion control Areas that require corrosion control Detection of different kinds of corrosion Process of performing basic electrical practice Procedures for reporting electrical defects in an aircraft Electrical schematics of an aircraft Corrosion prevention and treatment techniques Types and purposes of maintenance documentation





Apply general lubrication Remove and install components Operate ground support equipment Prepare aircraft for towing Identify parts for repair and/or replacement Perform general cleaning of aircraft components Perform general corrosion control Perform basic electrical practice Process required maintenance documentation in accordance with

regulatory requirements


The ability to:Innovation and Value CreationIt refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.

Identify opportunities for work process improvement

The ability to:


Collaborate with co-workers while performing aircraft general maintenance tasks

Report to supervisor for assessment of the damage or defects against damage or wear limits

Report maintenance progress to supervisor Report to tow leader that aircraft is ready for towing Reinstate work area in accordance with organisational housekeeping

requirements.


The ability to:Learning to Learn Perform self-reflection on the current maintenance processes and propose

feasible improvementsIt refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.



Regulations must include General airworthiness requirements Workplace Safety and Health Act Environmental regulations

Maintenance procedures and manuals must include Company organisational procedures Technical manuals

Range of ApplicationIt refers to the critical circumstances that the skill may be demonstrated.



Skill Code AER-OPR-1110-1.1Skill Category Operations ProductionSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Use Hand Tools

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to use hand tools at the workplace based on work requirements including selecting the appropriate hand tools, observing safe practices, maintaining and storing them in accordance with standard operating procedures.



Types and specifications of hand tools Correct technique and/or usage of hand tools Common faults and defects in hand tools Safe practices in using hand tools Simple maintenance and proper storage of hand tools Standard operating procedures for marking of faulty/unsafe hand tools

and the reporting structure



Plan work activities and requirements in accordance with organisational procedures

Select and use the appropriate hand tools to produce the product to meet specifications

Apply safe work practices while using the hand tools Identify and tag faulty and/or unsafe hand tools Maintain good housekeeping in accordance with safety and health

workplace practices



Generate ideas to prolong the life span of hand tools




The ability to:


Share best practices with co-workers in workplace safety and health requirements


The ability to:Learning to Learn Keep up-to-date on latest knowledge and innovations in hand tools

Anticipate possible failure of hand tools and appropriate measures to take It refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

Tools and equipment must include:

Personal protective equipment Measuring tools Setting tools and devices Hand tools Material movement equipment

Procedures and supporting documents must include: Job instructions Work and/or job specifications Workshop drawings Engineering drawings Report sheets

Regulations must include: Workplace Safety and Health Act





Skill Code PRE-OPL-4002-1Skill Category Operations Planning

Skill Sub-Category(where applicable)

N/A

Skill Plan Resources to Meet Production Processes

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to plan required resources for production processes over specified timeframes taking into account resources available and required. This includes ensuring the optimum use of resources and meeting quality assurance procedures.

Knowledge and AnalysisIt refers to gathering, cognitive processing, integration and inspection of facts and information required to perform the work tasks and activities.


Types of production processes Method to determine production processes to be used Resources required for production Organisational procedures relating to resource planning Quality assurance procedures related to planning resource needs Workplace Safety and Health regulations

Application and AdaptationIt refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work.

The ability to:

Determine production processes to be used Obtain production specifications to identify resources required for

production Estimate resources required in accordance with production process

and organisational procedures Identify potential problems which may affect the availability of

resources Resolve resource supply or quality issues in accordance with

organisational procedures Record all resource data in accordance with organisational

requirements

Innovation and Value CreationIt refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational

The ability to:

Ensure optimum use of resources when planning resource requirements to meet production processes

Adhere to quality assurance procedures when planning resource requirements to meet production processes

Social Intelligence and EthicsIt refers to the ability

The ability to:

Communicate additional support required to carry out production



to use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.

processes Apply ethical work practices when planning resource needs

Learning to LearnIt refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

The ability to:

Ascertain best practices from past resource plans to aid in planning resource needs

Range of Application(where applicable)It refers to the critical circumstances and contexts that the skill may be demonstrated.

Resources required for production processes must include:

Manpower Equipment and tools Materials and parts Special resources Human resources Time



Skill Code AER-TEF-3029-1.1Skill Category Technical and Engineering

FundamentalsSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Apply Principles of Electrical Fundamentals (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply the basic principles of electrical fundamentals to aircraft electrical and instrument systems in an appropriate and safe manner in accordance with organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Principles of electron theory Principles of static electricity and conduction Laws of electrostatic attraction and repulsion Coulomb’s law Electrical terminology Principles of electricity generation Principles of DC generation Types of DC sources of electricity Concepts of AC theory



Explain electron theory principles Discuss static electricity and conduction Interpret electrical terminology Analyse generation of electricity Describe DC sources of electricity Discuss AC theory

It refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work. Innovation and Value Creation

N/A




The ability to:



Apply safe work practices during maintenance work



Reflect the properties and behaviours of electrostatic charges and reduce static charges during maintenance work



Electron theory must include:

Atoms Molecules and compounds Ions Molecular structure Conductors Semiconductors InsulatorsStatic electricity and conduction must include:

Distribution of electrostatic charges Static dischargers Airplane grounding Units of charge Electricity conduction

Electrical terminology must include:

Water analogy for electrical terms Types of electrical terminology Conventional current flow Electron flow

Generation of electricity must include: Sources of electricity

DC sources of electricity must include:

Primary cells Voltaic cells Carbon-zinc cells Alkaline cells



Mercury cells Secondary cells Lead acid cells Discharging of cells Charging of cells Nickel cadmium batteries Series and parallel connection of cells Thermocouples Operation of photocells

AC theory must include:

Sinusoidal waveform Sine wave values Square waves Pulse waves Triangular waves Single phase principles Three phase principles





Skill Apply Principles of Digital Techniques (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply basic principles of digital techniques to aircraft electronic instrumentation systems in a safe and appropriate manner in accordance with the organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.


Knowledge and Analysis Basics of electronic instrumentation systems

Computer related terminology Computer technology applied to aircraft systems Electrostatic sensitive devices



Identify basic electronic instrumentation systems Use computer related terminology Evaluate computer technology applied in aircraft system Handle electrostatic sensitive devicesIt refers to the ability to

perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work.

The ability to:

Innovation and Value Creation

Identify opportunities for work process improvement




The ability to:



Apply safe work practices during maintenance work Applying the basic rules for static protection to avoid component damage

Learning to Learn N/A




Cockpit electronic instrumentation systems must include:

Basics of electronic instrumentation system (EIS) Typical cockpit layout Instrument grouping in cockpit Typical systems arrangements for cockpit instrument Cockpit control panel System testing relating EIS Engine data on ECAM Electronic Attitude Director Indicator(EADI) Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI) Light sensors

Terminology on computer must include:

Definition of computer related terminology RAM (Random Access Memory) Read Only Memory (ROM) Programmable Read- Only Memory (PROM) Erasable Programmable Read- Only Memory (EPROM)

Aircrafts use different types of computers and the topic must include:

Usage of various types of computers in aircraft system Dedicated airplane computers Typical airplane computer systems Types of computers Program configuration control

Static protection is critical and the topic must include:

Causes of electrostatics Electrostatic discharge sensitive devices (ESDS) ESDS device damage and/or failure Special handling of components sensitive to electrostatic discharges Procedures for removal and installation of ESDS electronic cards Basic rules for static protection







Skill Select Aerospace Materials and Hardware (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to select the appropriate aerospace materials and hardware used for aircraft maintenance; repair and overhaul in accordance with applicable OEMs’ maintenance manuals and organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.


Knowledge and Analysis Types of ferrous metals used in aerospace applications

Types of non-ferrous metals used in aerospace applications Types of composite and non-metallic materials used in aerospace

applications Chemical fundamental and characteristics of commonly found corrosion

on aircraft Various types of screw threads, bolts, nuts, studs, screws, locking devices

and rivets Types of pipes, hoses, connectors and unions used on various aircraft

systems Characteristics and usage of bearings on aircraft Characteristics and usage of mechanical transmission devices used on

aircraft Characteristics and usage of control cables on aircraft Various types of electrical cables and connectors



Explain the choice of materials used in aircraft construction Identify different forms of corrosion and their control methods Identify various types of aircraft fasteners Differentiate the use of various pipes and unions Explain the characteristics of bearings and/or transmissions and control

cables Recognize various types of electrical cables and connectors





N/A


The ability to:




The ability to:Learning to Learn Identify the characteristics of different types of common alloy steel and

how various heat treatment are used to influence the properties of these alloy steel

Identify the characteristics of aluminium and other non-ferrous metals and how various heat treatment are used to influence the properties of these non-ferrous metals

Identify the characteristics of composite and other non-metallic materials and how the choice of matrix fibre influence the properties of these materials

Identifying each cable type from a range of given aircraft electrical cables, state their current and voltage rating and give an aircraft circuit use for each type




Aircraft materials – ferrousFerrous materials used must include:

Metals and their properties Metal working processes Alloying agents in steel Heat treatment of steel

Aircraft materials – non-ferrousNon-ferrous materials used must include:

Non-ferrous metals and their usage Various types of heat treatment Non heat-treatable alloys Identification of heat treated alloys Heat-treatable alloys



Aircraft materials – composite and non-metallicComposites and/or non-metallic materials are used widely in aircraft and must include:

Composite elements Fibre science Fibre orientation Fabric styles Fabric weaves Matrix systems Adhesives Pre impregnated materials Metal matrix composites Core material Types of fibber reinforced composites Assessment and repair Types of damages Inspection methodology Typical repair procedures Transparent plastic panels Sealing

CorrosionTopic on corrosion must include:

Economic impact Indications of corrosion Corrosion and structural strength Corrosion prevention Identification of corrosion Forms of corrosion\ Types of corrosion Contributing causes of corrosion Maintenance procedures for corrosion control

Fasteners and/or HardwareMany types of hardware are used in an aircraft and must include:

Types of screw threads Classes of ISO metric threads Standard aircraft hardware Industry standards Specifications Military specifications Threaded fasteners General purpose bolts Purpose of locking devices Aircraft washers Cotter pins Safety wires



Locking plates, circlips and locking rings Aircraft screws Locking by adhesives Aircraft rivets Special fasteners

Pipes and UnionsTypes of pipes and unions must include:

Identification of fluid lines Hoses (flexible fluid lines) Synthetic materials and their uses Fluid lines and fittings Plumbing connectors Flexible connectors

BearingsHandling, installation and maintenance of bearings must include: Types of bearings Advantages and/or disadvantages of ball and roller anti-friction bearings Typical applications of ball and roller bearings Bearing seals Handling, installation and maintenance

TransmissionsTypes of gears, chain wheels and pulleys assembly must include:

Types of gears and their workings Inspection of gears Pulleys for flat belts Belt pulleys Timing belt pulleys Belt materials Chains and their specifications Inspection and preventive maintenance of chain wheels and pulleys

Control cablesControl cables are critical for an aircraft and must include: Cable control systems

Electrical connectors and cablesProper use of right type of connectors and cables are essential and must include: Cable types Cable construction Cable identification Types of electrical connectors and their use Connector construction



Connector characteristics Connector identification codes Method of crimping





Skill Perform Aerospace Maintenance Practices (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to perform basic aircraft maintenance practices using appropriate tools, equipment and methods in accordance with applicable technical manuals and organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Recommended working practices on aircraft and related work areas Policy and procedure for proper tool usage Types of engineering drawings, diagrams and standards Definition for fits and clearance Installation and testing techniques involving electrical cables and

connectors Guidelines and techniques for riveting Guidelines and techniques for maintaining pipes, hoses, springs,

bearings, transmission devices and control cables Aircraft handling and storage Aircraft defects and rectification methods Inspection techniques after abnormal events Production planning control for aircraft maintenance





Utilise common maintenance tools and equipment Interpret aircraft engineering drawings, diagrams and standards Maintain proper installation through appropriate fits and clearances Apply proper riveting practices Maintain pipes, hoses, springs, bearings, transmission devices and control

cables Implement aircraft handling, storage and support maintenance procedures Discuss inspection, disassembly and assembly techniques Rectify aircraft after experiencing abnormal events Complete electrical maintenance of cables and connectors



Describe production planning control measures needed to support proper maintenance, including documentation, store procedures for spares, quality checks


The ability to:


Adopt correct aircraft and workshop working practices




The ability to:Learning to Learn Appreciate the nature of various abnormal events and the associated

phases and areas of inspection It refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.



Safety precautions – aircraft and workshopUtmost safety is required while working in the aircraft/workshop and must include: Electrical safety Radiation hazards Hazard communication programme Safety data sheet (SDS) Safety around compressed gases Safety around machine tools Welding safety Fire safety Prevention of fire on the ground Precautions prior to fuelling Precautions during fuel transfer Precautions after fuelling Work on aircraft during fuelling Maintenance and fire prevention Engine running precautions Fire protection and safety Types of fires and fire extinguishers

Workshop practicesGood workshop practice must include: Environmental control Test equipment and tool calibration schedules Care and maintenance of workshop tools Correct and proper use of workshop tools

Engineering drawings, diagrams and standards must include: Types of drawings Logical flow charts Pictorial and schematic diagrams Orthographic projection – first and third angle Isometric drawings Drawing changes Dimensioning Aircraft production drawings Standards and specifications Standards organisation and regulatory organisation Aircraft maintenance manual



Fits and clearancesProper tolerance specification is essential for aircraft assembly and must include: Limits, fits and tolerances Design notes – tolerance and fits British and ISO systems

Types of pipes and hoses must include:Fluid lines and materials used Size designations Joining method of rigid tubing and tube flaring Different types of fittings Rigid tubing installation Installation and maintenance of rigid pipes

SpringsTopic on springs must include: Styles of springs Testing of springs

BearingsMaintenance and servicing of bearings must include: Bearing inspection Handling of bearings

TransmissionsInspection of gears and chain assembly must include: Inspection of gear wheel and replacement Inspection of installed chain assembly Bearing and lubrication

Control cablesMaintenance of cables must include: Swaging of cables Control cables – inspection check

RivetingInstallation and removal of rivets must include: Method of riveting Installation of solid rivets Dimpling Rivet removal

Aircraft handling and storageTowing and parking of aircraft follow manufacturer’s guidelines must include: Aircraft towing process Jacking aircraft Aircraft shoring Refuelling and defueling of Aircraft



De-icing and anti-icing procedure Parking (high wind) maintenance practices Tying down or mooring aircraft

Inspection, disassembly and assembly techniquesCorrosion preventive maintenance is critical and must include: Basic corrosion removal techniques for various materials Faring or blending of reworked areas Corrosion protection for various materials Corrosion preventive maintenance Visual inspection for corrosion of aircraft components Grease application

Abnormal eventsAn aircraft encounters turbulence and/or lightning frequently and as such must include: Inspection of metal aircraft after abnormal occurrences Flight through severe turbulence Lightning strikes and inspections

Maintenance proceduresServicing and/or maintenance and/or up-keeping of aircraft must include: Maintenance planning Maintenance task documentation procedure Common labels used in maintenance Stores and stores procedure Inventory management

Wiring diagrams and schematic diagramsWiring and/or schematic diagrams are needed for maintenance and must include: Purpose and features Standard Wiring Practices Manual (SWPM) Electrical Standards Practices Manual (ESPM)

Electrical general test equipmentTopic on electrical measuring instruments must include: Ratings and terms Various electrical measuring instruments

Electrical cables and connectorsProper use of right type of connectors is essential and must include: Crimp tools and crimping procedure Testing of crimp joints Connector pin removal and/or insertion Circuit testing Bonding techniques Wire installation





Skill Apply Principles of Basic Aerodynamics (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply the basic principles of aerodynamics to understand the physics behind the flight and performance of heavier than air flying machines. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Atmospheric factors affecting flight performance Application of aerodynamic concepts to explain the characteristics of an

aerofoil Evaluation of the theory of flight at various flight phases and manoeuvres Conditions that will impact flight stability & dynamics



Identify atmospheric factors that will affect flight performance Apply aerodynamic concepts to explain the characteristics of an aerofoil Discuss the aerodynamics that an aeroplane experience during a flight



Review the performance improvement methods to an aeroplane affected by aerodynamics during a flight




The ability to:


Implement good maintenance practices to protect the aerodynamic features of an aeroplane


The ability to:Learning to Learn Evaluate the design and aerodynamic performance of an aerofoil with

regard to the generation of lift and drag Appreciate how contamination on aerofoil could have an adverse impact

on the aerofoil


Physics of the atmosphere must include: International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) application to aerodynamics

Aerodynamics must include: Airflow around a body Boundary layer, laminar and turbulent flow, free stream flow, relative

airflow, up-wash and downwash, vortices, stagnation Terms such as camber, chord, mean aerodynamic chord, profile (parasite)

drag, induced drag, centre of pressure, angle of attack, wash in and wash out, fineness ratio, wing shape and aspect ratio

Thrust, weight, aerodynamic resultant Generation of lift and drag: angle of attack, lift coefficient, drag coefficient,

polar curve, stall Aerofoil contamination including ice, snow, frost

Theory of flight must include: Relationship between lift, weight, thrust and drag Glide ratio Steady state flights, performance must include: Steady, straight and level flight Theory of the turn Influence of load factor: stall, flight envelope and structural limitations Lift augmentation

Flight stability and dynamics must include: Longitudinal, lateral and directional stability (active and passive)







Skill Apply Human Factors Principles

Skill Description Apply human factors principles namely; physical and mental performance abilities and limitations, social psychology and human behaviours, definition of human error and its implications, physical environment, performance shaping factors, effective communication, etc. to minimise errors in the workplace.



Human factors principles and its application in the aviation industry Pertinent physical and mental performance abilities and limitations Relationship between social psychology and human behaviours Effects of internal and external performance shaping factors Influence of physical environment on human performance Characteristics of various maintenance tasks and their associated human

factors consideration Essence of effective communication Definition of human error and its implications Nature of hazards in different work settings



Determine human factors contribution to aviation accidents Illustrate how human factors (physiological, psychological, environmental

and organizational parameters) can affect safety and performance Explain the nature of errors and violation Propose countermeasures based on the error management principles Identify hazards in the workplace

It refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work. The ability to:Innovation and Value Creation

Propose a shift handover procedure to minimise commission of possible errors in the next shift.

Propose measures to improve fitness and health of aircraft maintenance personnel.It refers to the ability to

generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.



The ability to:Social Intelligence and Ethics

Interact with co-workers to clear doubts while performing aircraft maintenance activities

Brief take-over shift personnel of maintenance, service and/or repair works in progress to minimise commission of possible errors during the next shift

Report to supervisor on completion of the service and/or repair of aircraft electrical equipment and accessories in accordance with organisational requirements

Reinstate work area in accordance with organisational housekeeping requirements


N/ALearning to Learn

It refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work. Range of Application


In general the range may include: Relationship between human factors and accidents and/or incidents SHEL Model Examples of significant incidents and/or accidents Error chain Murphy’s law

Human performance and limitations may include: Anatomy and functions of the eye and ear Factors affecting sight and hearing Information processing model encompassing capturing of sensory data,

perception, decision making etc. Characteristics of long term and short term memory Claustrophobia and vertigo

Social psychology factors must include: Underlying factors within a social system of work Individual and group/team responsibilities Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Motivating and de-motivating factors Peer pressure and conformity Safety and social culture within the aviation maintenance industry Concept and elements of teamwork Advantages and disadvantages of teamwork Roles, skills set and other characteristics of a team leader Development of Maintenance Resource Management (MRM)

Human factors affecting performance parameters in aviation maintenance may include: Measures to improve fitness and health of personnel Causes and symptom of domestic and work related stress Stress management techniques



Effects of time pressure and deadlines Optimum level and complexity of workload Five stages of sleep Circadian rhythms influencing rest pattern Symptoms of fatigues Impacts of alcohol, medication and drugs Advantages and disadvantages of shift work

Physical environmental factors for consideration must include: Detrimental effects of excessive noise, fumes, poor illumination,

unfavourable climatic and temperature conditions, distracting motion and prolonged vibration

Importance of workplace layout, cleanliness and tidiness shop floor, PPE requirements and proper management of stores

Constraints to consider for physically demanding and repetitive tasks as well as those involving visual inspection and complex system

Various means of communication may include: Verbal and Written Communication Non-verbal Communication Shift handover Group dynamics Various forms of communication problems Appropriate documenting of work Recurrent training

Human errors at work may include: Design versus operator-induced errors Variable versus constant errors Variances between slips, lapses and mistakes Differences between errors and violation Skill, Rule and Knowledge-Based Behaviours and related outcomes Latent failure versus active failure Defences barriers to break the chain of accidents Various forms of violations Errors due to individual practices and habits Errors associated with visual inspection Main causes of maintenance incidents Purposes of safety management system Reactive (e.g. maintenance error decision aid) and proactive (e.g. error

reduction kit, self-reporting programme etc.) error management system

Hazards in the workplace must include: Potential hazards associated with various maintenance environments and

tasks Applicable rules and guidelines imposed by relevant approved regulatory

bodies Individual health and safety responsibilities toward self and others

Rules and regulations must be followed as per the current directive includes:



Workplace Safety and Health Act




FundamentalsSkill Sub-Category(where applicable)

Skill Apply Principles of Turbine Aeroplane Aerodynamics, Structures and Systems (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply basic principles of theory of flight, airframe structures and systems, electro-mechanical systems and electro-avionics systems as stipulated ATA 100 and in accordance with organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Principles of theory of flight General concepts for airframe structures Characteristics of airframe structures (ATA 52 – 57) Principles of air conditioning and cabin pressurisation (ATA 21) Cabin and cargo equipment and furnishings (ATA 25) Methods of fire detection and protection (ATA 26) Flight control surface actuation and control (ATA 27) Operation of fuel systems (ATA 28) Principles of hydraulic systems (ATA 29) Methods of ice and rain protection (ATA 30) Functions of landing gear systems (ATA 32) Layout of cockpit and cabin oxygen systems (ATA 35) Operation of pneumatic and vacuum systems (ATA 36) Specification of water and waste systems (ATA 38) Types of instrument and avionics systems (ATA 31/ 22/ 23) Aircraft electrical power systems (ATA 24) Application of internal and external lighting systems (ATA 33) Utilisation of on-board maintenance systems (ATA 45) Concepts of integrated modular avionics (ATA 42) Classification of cabin systems (ATA 44) Implementation of information systems (ATA 46)



Apply theory of flight to evaluate characteristics of primary and secondary flight control surfaces, including high speed flight

Appreciate general design concepts for airframe structures Describe the construction of specific airframe structures Describe the operating characteristics of electro-mechanical system on

aircraft Describe the operating characteristics of electro-avionics system






N/A

The ability to:




The ability to:Learning to Learn Apply theory of flight to evaluate the operating characteristics of one

primary and one secondary flight control surfaces Discuss aircraft design with regard to operation during high speed flight

It refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work. Range of Application


Aeroplane aerodynamics and flight controls must include: Ailerons and spoilers Elevator, stabiliser, variable incidence stabilisers and canard Rudder limiters Elevons, flaperons and ruddervators Slats and flaps Fixed, automatic and control slots Spoilers, lift dumpers and speed brakes Wing fences and saw tooth leading edges Vortex generators, stall wedges, leading edge devices and suction and/or

high energy air injection systems Trim tabs, balance and anti-balance tabs, servo tabs, spring tabs, mass

balance, control surface bias and aerodynamic balance panels

High speed flight must include: Speed of sound, Mach number and critical Mach number Flight speed range - subsonic, transonic and supersonic flight Normal and oblique shockwaves Compressibility buffet Area rule Factors affecting airflow of in engine intakes of high speed aircraft Effects of sweepback on critical Mach number

Airframe structures must include:



Loads on the aircraft during steady flight and acceleration, including during manoeuvre, gust, pressurisation and landing

Factors of safety Strength and deformation requirement of structures Primary, secondary and tertiary structure Fail safe, safe life and damage tolerance concepts Zonal and station identification systems Stress, including bending, compression, shear, torsion, tension and hoop

stress Stress and strain Strength to weight ratio and fatigue loading Drain and ventilation provisions System installation provisions Lightning strike protection provisions, including bonding, conductive

design (e.g. composite) and inspection Stressed skin fuselage, formers, stringers, longerons, bulkheads, frames,

doublers, struts, ties, beams, floor structures, reinforcement, methods of skinning, anti-corrosive protection, wing, empennage and engine attachments

Structure assembly techniques, including riveting, bolting and bonding Methods of surface protection, including chromating, anodising, painting

and cadmium plating Methods of alignment and symmetry checks, including structural

alignment, angle of incidence check and verticality of fin.

Airframe structures of Aeroplane (ATA 52 – 57) must include:Truss, monocoque and semi-monocoque fuselage construction Fuselage pressurisation sealing, e.g. pressure bulkhead Seat installation, including floor and wall mounted Cargo loading system, e.g. self-lifting powered drive units, door sill and

guide rails and lateral latches Construction (e.g. plug type), mechanisms (e.g. torsion bar), operation

(e.g. mechanical and/or electrical) and safety devices (e.g. damping and emergency opening gas cylinder) involving doors and emergency exits

Windows and windscreen construction and mechanisms Wings construction (e.g. spars and ribs) and fuel storage Wing attachment for landing gear, pylon, flight control surface and high lift

and/or drag Construction of stabilisers (e.g. centre box) and flight control surface

attachment Flight control surface construction and attachment (e.g. hinges) Mass and aerodynamic balancing for flight control surfaces Construction of nacelle, pylon, firewalls and engine mounting

Air conditioning and cabin pressurisation (ATA 21) must include: Air supply from engine, APU and high pressure pneumatic ground cart Low pressure pneumatic conditioned air cart Flow control, temperature control, water extraction, distribution,

recirculation and humidity control system Requirements for aircraft pressurisation system, including rate of change



of cabin pressure and structural considerations Pressurisation control and indication including outflow and safety valves

and differential pressure transducer Pneumatically or electronically controlled pressure control system Cabin altitude safety and warning devices

Emergency equipment and furnishings (ATA 25) must include: Emergency equipment requirements, e.g. cockpit escape facilities and

slide-raft Flight and cabin crew seats, harnesses and belts Cabin lay-out Equipment lay-out Cabin furnishing installation, e.g. overhead stowage compartment Cabin entertainment equipment, e.g. audio and video presentation Galley installation Cargo handling and retention equipment Airstairs

Fire protection systems (ATA 26) may include: Characteristics of fire and/or smoke detectors for engine, APU, landing

gear wheel well, cargo, cabin compartment Fire and/or smoke warning systems Portable and fixed fire extinguishing systems Fire and/or smoke detection and extinguishing system tests

Flight Controls (ATA27) must include:

Ailerons, elevators, rudder and spoilers Trim controls Active load control High lift devices Lifting dumping Manual, hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical actuation Fly-by-wire systems Artificial feel, yaw damper, Mach trim, rudder limiter and gust lock systems Mass and/or aerodynamic balancing and check Rigging and check Stall protection system

Fuel Systems (ATA 28) must include:

Fuel storage and supply systems Dumping, venting and draining systems Automatic and manual refuelling, defueling, crossfeeding and transferring

of fuel Indication and warning systems Longitudinal and lateral balancing

Hydraulic Power (ATA 29) must include: Principles of hydraulics



Properties of hydraulic fluids Hydraulic reservoirs, accumulators and dampers Electrical, mechanical or pneumatic means of pressure generation Emergency pressure generation, e.g. ram air turbine Supply and return manifolds and filters Pressure control and distribution Indication and warning systems Interface with other aircraft systems, e.g. flight control

Ice and rain protection (ATA 30) must include: Ice formation, classification and detection Electrical, pneumatic and chemical anti-icing and/or de-icing systems Rain repellent and wiper systems Probe, drain, portable water and waste ducting and service panel heating

Landing Gear (ATA32) must include: Classification of landing gear Construction of landing gear, e.g. inner and outer cylinders, torque links

and bogie Shock absorbing and non-absorbing landing gears Normal and emergency extension and retraction system, including

sensors, door and gear actuation Wheels, tyres and brakes Normal, alternate and emergency braking systems Anti-skid and auto brake systems Nose and main gear steering Air-ground sensing Indications and warnings

Oxygen regulation system (ATA 35) must include: Oxygen regulations and specifications Types of oxygen system Thermal compensator assemblies Thermal discharge Types of high pressure system Masks Demand systems Crew oxygen systems Solid state versus high pressure gaseous oxygen Low pressure systems Portable systems Survival kit oxygen systems Handling and precautions Function testing Storage Fabrication of tubing assemblies Installation and check of system components Ground handling Liquid oxygen storage Oxygen servicing carts



Maintenance of systems

Pneumatic and Vacuum Systems (ATA 36) must include: Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic system Categories of pneumatic system Pressure sources Mass flow control Automatic flow controller (jet engine) Pneumatic system components Ground connections Pneumatic system maintenance practices Routine inspections

Water and Waste Systems (ATA 38) must include: Purpose of water and waste systems Water system details Toilet waste systems Toilet service panels Corrosion aspects

Instrument and/or Avionic systems (ATA 31/22/23) must include: Altimeter, air speed indicator and vertical speed indicator Artificial horizon, attitude director, direction indicator, horizontal situation

indicator, turn and slip indicator and turn coordinator Direct reading or remote reading compasses Angle of attack indication and stall warning system (e.g. stick shaker) Glass cockpit, e.g. LCD display units Auto flight system, including autopilot, auto-throttle and automatic landing Interphone and public address systems Very High Frequency (VHF) communication, High Frequency (HF)

communication, aeronautical radio communication and reporting, emergency locator transmitters and cockpit voice recorder

Navigation systems, including Automatic Direction Finding (ADF), Very High Frequency Omni directional Range (VOR), Instrument Landing System (ILS), Microwave Landing System (MLS), Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), Air Traffic Control, Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), Weather Radar, Radio Altimeter, Very Low Frequency and Hyperbolic Navigation (VLF/Omega), Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Inertial Reference System (IRS), Flight Management Systems and Flight Director systems

Electrical power system (ATA 24) must include:

Batteries installation and operation DC power generation AC power generation Emergency power generation Voltage regulation Power distribution network Inverter, transformers and rectifiers



Circuit protection External and/or ground power

Lighting system (ATA 33) must include:

Factors to consider when designing lighting system External lights Compartment lights Cargo compartment lights Internal lights Cabin lighting system (CLS) Passenger systems Call systems Passenger service system (PSS) Emergencies

On board maintenance systems (ATA 45) must include:

Central maintenance computer systems Flight management guidance and envelope computers Data loading systems Electronic flight bags Structure monitoring (damage tolerance monitoring) RVSM inspection and/or checks

Integrated modular avionics (ATA 42) must include:

Bleed management, air pressure control, air ventilation Control, avionics and cockpit ventilation control Temperature control, air traffic communication, avionics communication

router Electrical load management, circuit breaker monitoring, electrical System BITE, fuel management, braking control, steering control Landing gear extension and retraction, tyre pressure indication Oleo pressure indication and brake temperature monitoring

Cabin systems (ATA 44) must include:

Voice, data, music and video transmissions Flight attendant panels Data and/or radio communication and in-flight entertainment system Pre-departure and/or departure reports E-mail and/or intranet and/or internet access Passenger database Cabin core system In-flight entertainment system External communication system Cabin mass memory system Cabin monitoring system Miscellaneous cabin system



Information systems (ATA 46) must include:

Air traffic and information management systems and network server systems

Aircraft general information system Flight deck information system Maintenance information system Passenger cabin information system Miscellaneous information system

Avionic communications systems (ATA 23) must include: Very high frequency (VHF) communication High frequency (HF) communication Satellite communications Audio systems Passenger address Emergency locator transmitter (ELT) Underwater locator beacon Cockpit voice recorders Acars Flight data recorder

Avionic navigation systems (ATA 34) must include: Inertial navigation system (INS) Inertial reference system (IRS) Doppler navigation Automatic direction finder VHF Omni range (VOR) Instrument landing system (ILS) Marker beacons Microwave landing system (MLS) Distance measuring equipment (DME) Air traffic control (ATC) system Traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) Traffic information on the ND Aircraft control information on the PFD Radio altimeter (RA) Weather avoidance radar Omega navigation system Global positioning system (GPS) and/or Global navigation satellite system

(GNSS) RNAV – area navigation Flight management systems (FMS) Ground proximity warning system System lights and light switches Enhanced ground proximity warning system (EGPWS)

Avionic auto flight systems (ATA 22) must include:



Axes of an aircraft Control surface actuation Powered flight controls Electro hydraulic actuators Automatic flight control system elements Autopilot principle of operation Automatic landing Autopilot over ride Typical auto flight components Flight director Modern autopilots Auto throttle system





Skill Apply Principles of Gas Turbine Engine (Basic)

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply fundamentals of gas turbine engine and its characteristics for the maintenance of aircraft gas turbine engine and engine support systems in accordance with the OEM maintenance manual and organisational procedures. It also includes the scope covered in the CAAS SAR-66 Cat A examination.



Fundamentals of gas turbine engine cycle Gas turbine engine characteristics Main sections of the gas turbine engine Construction and characteristics of the main sections Engine cowling Engine support systems Components and accessories Engine fire detection and extinguishing systems Engine ground run



Familiarise with gas turbine engine construction Explain gas turbine engine operation Evaluate maintenance procedures for gas turbine engines

It refers to the ability to perform the work tasks and activities required of the occupation, and the ability to react to and manage the changes at work. Innovation and Value Creation

N/A




The ability to:




The ability to:Learning to Learn Interpret engine parameters for normal and/or abnormal operation

Discuss the engine run processes that evaluate the condition of a gas turbine engine




Knowledge on principles of operation must include: First, second and third Newton’s Law Definition of force, pressure, temperature, work, energy, power, absolute

velocity, relative velocity and acceleration Centrifugal versus centripetal force Static, dynamics and total pressure Specific heat capacity Forms of energy and efficiency of energy transformation Bernoulli theorem Continuity theorem First and second laws of thermodynamics Adiabatic expansion and compression Isothermal and isentropic process Thermodynamic cycle Characteristics of turbojet, turboprop, turboshaft and turbofan gas turbine

engine, including uses and efficiencies Long and short duct bypass Mixed and non-mixed exhaust Single, double and triple spool engines Characteristics of reaction engine including, ramjet, pulsejet and rocket

Purposes of compressor inlet must include: Inlet duct purposes and design Inlet duct construction Ram recovery Single and multiple entries inlet duct Bellmouth inlets Subsonic versus supersonic inlet duct characteristics Engine inlet screens Air particle separators Engine air inlet vortex destroyers



Inlet airflow augmentation Pneumatic and electrical anti-ice system

Operational characteristics of compressors must include: Pre-swirl vane, impeller, diffuser and compressor manifold of centrifugal

compressors Multi-stage and double entry centrifugal compressors Guide vane, stator, rotor and compressor case of axial flow compressors Multiple spools axial compressors Axial compressor blade case clearance Dovetail axial and radial blade attachments Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal and axial flow compressors Pressure and velocity changes through a centrifugal and axial flow

compressor Compression ratio and pressure ratio per stage Factors affecting compressor ratios Tip stall Factors affecting angle of attack on compressor blade Chock-stall phenomenon Signs of compressor stall and/or surge Bleed valves, variable inlet guide vanes, variable stator vanes, and

rotating stator blades Fan blade designs Fan blade shingling and vibrations Methods of fan blade balancing

Features of combustion chamber must include: Diffuser section Combustion section Combustion chamber operating requirements, including high combustion

efficiency, flame stability, minimum pressure loss, uniform temperature distribution, good starting characteristics, small size, low emissions, acceptable air velocities and required fuel and/or air ratio

Combustion characteristics Atomizer fuel nozzle Vaporizer tube Multiple-can combustion chamber Can-annular combustion chamber Annular combustion chamber Combustion stability

Performance of different turbine blade types must include: Characteristics of turbine section Axial flow and radial inflow turbines Functions of nozzle guide vane Construction of nozzle guide vane Impulse turbines Reaction turbines Reaction impulse turbines Fir tree axial and radial blade attachments



Materials of turbine blade Open and shrouded turbine blades Turbine blade cooling Primary, secondary and tertiary creeps Rotational stress and maximum operating RPM

Details of components consisting the exhaust section must include: Exhaust duct and tail cone Exhaust cone assembly Mixer unit Materials for constructing exhaust section Convergent and convergent-divergent nozzle Variable throat nozzle Sound attenuating construction materials Exhaust mixing Functions of thrust reverser Clamshell door and bucket target system Blocker and/or pivot door cold stream reverser system Control and indication of thrust reverser system Safety features

Nature of lubricants and fuels applicable for gas turbine engine must include: Requirements of gas turbine Lubricants Mineral oils Synthetic oils Oil additives Physical properties of oil, e.g. viscosity index Performance factors of oil, e.g. thermal stability Oil handling and storage Classification of fuels, i.e. solid, liquid and gaseous fuel Gas turbine fuel requirements Properties of fuel, e.g. flash point Single cut and wide cut jet fuel, e.g. Jet A and B fuel Fuel additives Contaminants Fuel handling and precautions

Functional layout of lubricating systems must include: Purposes of lubrication systems Oil consumption Wet or dry sump systems Hot or cold tank systems Oil recirculation systems Oil tank, pressure and scavenge pumps assembly, oil filters, oil coolers,

breather and tank pressurization system, pressure and temperature gauges and magnetic chip detectors

Functional layout of fuel systems must include: Functions of fuel system Fuel control units, filters, LP and HP pumps, LP and shutoff valves, fuel



and/or oil and fuel hydraulic heat exchangers, fuel flow transmitter, fuel manifold and nozzles

Pressure control or flow control fuel metering systems Constant or variable RPM governing systems Over-speed control Mechanical fuel control systems Electronic fuel control system, including supervisory Electronic Engine

Control (EEC) system and Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) Parameters affecting mechanical and electronic fuel control systems. Fuel control adjustments for mechanical control system, e.g. specific

gravity adjustments

Functional layout of air systems may include: Primary and secondary engine air systems Sources of air for internal and external cooling Purposes and characteristics of internal and external cooling, e.g. fan

compartment cooling and turbine disc cooling. Dedicated supplementary cooling for generator, EEC and ignition system Active clearance control systems Bearing chamber sealings Thrust bearing load relief Customer bleed air Hot air system for nacelle and spinner ice protection

Functional layout of starting and ignition systems must include: Purposes of starting and ignition systems Typical engine starting cycle Starter generator, pneumatic starter, cartridge or solid propellant starter,

gas turbine starter, hydraulic starter and air turbine starter Clutch mechanisms Starter limitation and maintenance, including safety precautions Characteristics of ignition unit, igniter leads and igniter plugs High and low voltage capacitor ignition systems AC and DC ignition systems Maintenance of ignition components, e.g. inspections Safety precautions, e.g. discharge of capacitors Ignition system testing, e.g. audible test and immersion check for igniter

replacement

Functional layout engine indicating systems must include: Engine parameters display in glass cockpit and analogue gauges Types and locations of thermocouple for temperature measurement Engine thrust indication in pressure ratio (exhaust pressure and/or inlet

pressure), N1 and percentage thrust Oil pressure transmitter and/or switch and thermocouple and/or resistance

oil temperature measurements Fuel pressure transmitter and/or switch and impeller and/or calibrated

spring flow measurement. Engine speed (N1, N2 and N3) measurements via tachometer or probe

and phonic wheel arrangement



Vibration monitoring unit, piezo-electric vibration transducer, signal converter, once per revolution probe for N1, N2 and N3 vibration measurement

Hydromechnical and electronic torque measurements and equivalent shaft horse power

Constructional characteristics of turbo-prop engine must include: Gas coupled and/or free turbine and gear coupled turbines Reduction gearings Integrated engine and propeller controls, including alpha and beta range

operation Overspeed safety devices Negative torque control system Thrust-sensitive signal for feathering

Constructional characteristics of turbo-shaft engine must include: Drive systems and couplings Reduction gearing Control systems

Knowledge on APUs must include: Constant speed turbo-shaft engine Pneumatic and electrical supply Operating envelop of typical APU Construction and functions of load section and power section of an APU APU installation APU inlet and exhaust, air, oil, fuel, ignition and starting, control and

indicating system Electronic control box and data memory module APU start cycle APU normal, protective and emergency shutdown on ground or in flight

Installation details must include: Configuration of firewalls and seals, including locations, purposes and

materials Engine Inlet, fan and core and/or thrust reverser cowls Acoustic panels for inlet and exhaust cowlings Engine forward and aft mounts Anti-vibration mounts Fluids and electrical delivery via hoses, pipes, feeders, connectors and

wiring looms Control cables and rods for mechanical control Lifting points for engine removal and installation Primary and secondary drain system, e.g. drain mast, pylon and exhaust

drain

Functional layout fire protection systems must include: Purposes of engine fire protection system External engine cooling and ventilation Fire containment



Single point type versus continuous type detectors, e.g. thermal switch and fenwal detectors

Single and/or double loop detection and logic Fire extinguishing components and agents Convention and high rate discharge system Fire detection and extinguishing system test

Maintenance procedure for engine health monitoring must include: Engine ground run preparation Engine ground run safety precaution, e.g. exhaust danger areas Purposes of engine ground run Automatic and manual engine start procedures Satisfactory versus unsatisfactory start, e.g. hung, hot or no start Wet and dry cranking procedures Normal and emergency shutdown procedures Monitoring and recording of engine RPM, fuel flow, engine light up and

exhaust gas temperature Monitoring engine oil temperature, pressure, quantity, consumption and

contamination Monitoring of vibration level Location of borescope plugs and purposes of performing borescope

inspection Comparison of engine operating parameters against acceptable limits Engine test such as acceleration and/or deceleration test, vibration survey

and power assurance test. Inspection of engine components, e.g. fan blade and drain mast Engine washing and/or cleaning procedures and fluids Causes, effect and inspection for foreign object damage



Skill Code AER-WSH-2011-1.1Skill Category Workplace Safety and

HealthSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Perform Basic Safety Practices and DocumentationSkill Description This skill describes the ability to adopt and comply with basic safety practices

and documentation procedures at the workplace in accordance with organisational procedures. It also includes practice of environmental, health and general safety at the workplace as well as processing documentation in compliance with airworthiness requirements.



Workplace Safety and Health Act Foreign Object Damage (FOD) safe practices Human factors and error management Organisation’s safety rules and regulations Importance of safe work practices to prevent death, injury or damage to

assets Behaviours that trigger unsafe working environments Importance of usage of personal protective equipment and clothing Types of safety signs and symbols, and warning labels Toxic and hazardous substances 5S concept and importance Interpretation and usage of technical manuals Usage of different types of tools and equipment Cleaning and corrosion prevention methods



Apply environmental, health and general safety at the workplace Practise safety precautions according to organisation’s safety procedures

and environmental guidelines when storing, using, handling and disposing of toxic and hazardous substances

Organise the workplace in a clean, efficient and safe manner in accordance with organisational standards

Handle tools and equipment with care and precaution Perform tools and equipment maintenance and accountability checks on

completion of work, and store them in their respective locations





Identify types of workplace hazards and apply precautionary measures


The ability to:


Report all incidents, accidents and hazards occurred to a supervisor Share best maintenance practices with co-workers


The ability to:Learning to Learn Perform self-reflection on the current safety practices and propose

feasible improvementsIt refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

Regulations must include: Workplace Safety and Health Act Environmental regulations

Safety and precautionary procedures must include: 5S housekeeping practices





Skill Code PRE-WSH-4005-1

Skill Category Workplace Safety and Health

Skill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Title Supervise Manufacturing Work for Workplace Safety and Health

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to identify common safety and health hazards and take appropriate control measures while working in the metal working or other manufacturing industry. It also includes the ability to identify WSH hazards, evaluate and control risks, carry out WSH inspections, implement WSH training and promotional programmes, conduct accident investigations and prepare reports.


The ability to understand: Importance of Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Consequences of unsafe work practices and workplace conditions Salient WSH legal and other requirements relevant to manufacturing

industry Overview of WSH management system WSH duties and responsibilities of supervisor in the manufacturing

industry Risk management process Typical hazards in manufacturing industry Methods for hazard identification WSH control measures 5S housekeeping Types of organisational WSH inspections WSH training and promotional programmes Incident investigation and reporting Permit-To-Work (PTW)


The ability to: Identify WSH hazards, evaluate and control risks in manufacturing

industry in accordance with risk management process Carry out WSH inspections in accordance with organisational

inspection procedures Implement WSH training and promotional programmes in

accordance with legal and other organisational requirements Conduct incident investigation and prepare report in accordance with

legal and other organisational requirements



Innovation and Value CreationIt refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.

The ability to: Provide constructive suggestions to evaluate WSH hazards at the

workplace Contribute ideas to improve desired outcomes of process, human

and cultural factors and workplace or work-related factors in accordance to legal and organisational requirements


The ability to: Identify the unsafe acts or conditions present and recommend

corrective actions to management


The ability to:

Reflect on possible errors in evaluating risks Keep up-to-date on changes in the Workplace Safety and Health Act

Range of Application(where applicable)It refers to the critical circumstances that the skill may be demonstrated.

Tools and equipment must include: Workplace Safety and Health signage Personal protective equipment

Procedures and supporting documents must include: Appropriate work documents Work instructions Organisation work procedures and specifications

Rules and regulations must include: Workplace Safety and Health Act Approved codes of practice



Skill Code AER-QUA-1099-1.1

Skill Category QualitySkill Sub-Category

(where applicable)

Quality Management System

Skill Apply Quality Systems

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to apply organisational quality systems, procedures and policies to carry out daily work to meet quality system requirements as well as maintaining and improving work quality.



Organisational quality systems, procedures and policies Interpretation of work instructions Applicable product, process and quality specifications Types and usage of quality system tools and equipment Type and interpretation of quality records Legislative and industrial framework for quality Reporting and resolving non-compliances Feedback for quality improvement



Plan daily work to meet quality system requirements Carry out daily work to meet quality system requirements Maintain work quality



Improve work quality




The ability to:


Cooperate with co-workers to maintain work quality by updating records for quality control, non-conformity, non-compliance and customer satisfactionIt refers to the ability to

use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.

The ability to:Learning to Learn Review and propose updates to organisational standard operating

procedures as applicableIt refers to the ability to develop and improve one’s self within and outside of one’s area of work.

Procedures and supporting documents must include: ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 Quality management system Workplace-based quality documentation Quality policies, procedures and records Organisational standard operation procedures Work instructions Appropriate codes of conduct

Rules and regulations must include: Workplace Safety and Health Act





Skill Code PRE-MPI-2005-1Skill Category Manufacturing Productivity

and InnovationSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Apply Lean Thinking in the Workplace

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to apply LEAN thinking in the workplace. It also includes the ability to interpret LEAN thinking, apply the principles of LEAN, identify types of wastes in the workplace, carry out Standardised Work in the workplace and apply thinking and problem-solving skills.



‘Lean’ history from Toyota Production System (TPS) Importance of practicing 3M’s in the workplace Link between ‘lean’ thinking with productivity ‘Lean’ metric to measure performance Culture of continuous improvement in the organisation Role and responsibility of member in a ‘lean’ project


The ability to:

Interpret ‘lean’ thinking to eliminate wastes and increase value-added activities according to simulation guide

Apply the 5 principles of ‘lean’ as a framework for improvement activities Identify 8 Types of Wastes in the workplace according to simulation

guide Carry out standardised work in the workplace according to simulation

guide Carry out waste elimination activities in the workplace Apply A3 thinking for problem-solving skills




The ability to:

Carry out improvement activities based on the five principles of ‘lean’ Apply ‘lean’ quality tools in the workplace


The ability to:

Contribute ideas for work improvement activities Check with designated personnel on work improvement activities Report any problems encountered during waste elimination activities Report any difficulties encountered applying the 5 principles of ‘lean’ in

the workplace


The ability to:

Reflect on problems encountered during waste elimination activities Reflect on difficulties encountered applying the five principles of ‘lean’ in

the workplace




‘Lean’ thinking overview must include:

‘Lean’ definition Benefits and results of ‘lean’ ‘Lean’ history – from Toyota Production System (TPS) Developing a ‘lean’ house/system ‘Lean’ metric Introduction to ‘lean’ tools and techniques ‘Lean’ five key principles and tools ‘Lean’ versus productivity versus innovation Importance of 3M’s

‘Lean’ culture in the organisation must include:

The need for a cultural of continuous improvement in the organisation Business improvement is a journey Mindset change Build ‘lean’ culture The role and responsibility of member in a ‘lean’ project

8 Types of Waste must include:

Work cycle with Type 1 and 2 wastes Zero waste Definition of each waste and examples “Learning to see waste” group exercise Understand standardisation in the workplace

A3 thinking must include:

Definition of A3 Definition of problem Step-by-step of using A3 7 quality tools 5-why method A3 worksheet Standard work

Procedures and supporting documents must include:

Organisational procedures Specifications Work instructions Technical manuals Simulation guide for 8 Wastes Simulation guide for standard work A3 worksheet

Rules and regulations must include:



Skill Code PRE-MPI-2004-1Skill Category Manufacturing Productivity

and InnovationSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Apply Basic Lean Techniques in the Workplace

Skill DescriptionThis skill describes the ability to apply the methods and tools used for identifying and assessing the actual and potential failures in product and process designs in the workplace.



Cycle-time in the workplace Importance and types of layout design in the workplace Concept of Poka-Yoke in the workplace Steps of creating value stream mapping in the workplace Benefits of Process Mapping in the workplace Strategy to implement the Business Improvement Project


The ability to:

Apply cycle time measurement techniques according to simulation guide Simulate types of Layout Design for activities improvement Apply Poka-Yoke technique in the workplace according to simulation

guide Apply Value Stream Mapping in the workplace according to simulation

guide Apply Process Mapping for understanding activities flow Identify and implement Business Improvement Project




The ability to:

Contribute ideas for business improvement project


The ability to:

Report any abnormalities encountered in cycle time measurement Report any problems encountered during simulation of layout design Report any difficulties encountered in process mapping Check with designated personnel on business improvement project


The ability to:

Able to recommend continuous improvement in the workplace Reflect on problems encountered during simulation of layout design and

seek ways to improve Reflect on difficulties encountered in process mapping and seek ways to

improve


Cycle time measurement must include:

Cycle time Capacity calculation

Layout design must include:

Types of layout Batch versus continuous flow

Business improvement project must include:

Project charter Project tracking Performance measurement Project presentation

Tool and equipment must include:



Lego Jigsaw Video Flip chart Digital camera

Procedures and supporting documents must include:

Organisational procedures Specifications Work instructions Technical manual Simulation guide for cycle time Simulation guide for Poka-Yoke Simulation guide for Value Stream Mapping





Skill Code PRE-MPI-3007-1

Skill Category Manufacturing Productivity and Innovation

Skill Sub-Category

(where applicable)N/A

Skill Title Supervise Work Improvement Processes

Skill DescriptionThis skill describes the ability to identify improvement goals for work teams, implement work improvement processes and standardise improved work processes at the workplace.




Team’s key performance indicators and organisational goals Principles of continuous process improvement, communication modes and

barriers Roles and responsibilities of work teams and resource requirements Importance and structure of an effective action plan Application of continuous process improvement techniques Purpose of control mechanisms Ways to resolve issues in implementation of improvement activities Methods of evaluating the work team results Format of a report Purpose of documenting changes in work processes

Application and Adaptation


The ability to:

Identify key performance indicators in accordance to the types of work improvement activities

Develop action plan in accordance to organisational requirements and work improvement activities at the workplace

Train work teams to apply continuous process improvement techniques Apply control mechanisms to monitor the progress of work teams Facilitate work teams to complete improvement activities Evaluate results of work teams against the expected key performance indicators Prepare report on outcomes of improvement activities and document

implemented changes in the work processes in accordance to organisational goals and procedures





The ability to:

Contribute ideas to improve work activities and key performance indicators in accordance to organisational goals



The ability to:

Obtain approval from designated personnel to carry out work improvement activities

Report any abnormality and problems encountered in identifying and carrying out work improvement activities

Communicate to work team on the key performance indicators to be achieved Resolve any unmet goal with the work teams in accordance with organisational

procedures

Learning to Learn


The ability to:

Participate in reviewing work improvement activities Participate in enhancing key performance indicators


(where applicable)


Work improvement activities must include:

Productivity improvement Cost reduction or saving Product quality improvement Customer service improvement Process or line improvement



Production machine efficiency improvement Machine maintenance efficiency improvement Defect reduction Safety, health and environment improvement Facilities and security enhancement

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) must include:

Management indicators Operating profit Productivity of labour, machine or energy Cost reduction or saving Value of warranty claims Number of customer complaints Customer satisfaction index Quality indicators

o Process defect ratioo Cost of process defectso Number of defects missedo Number of warranty claimso Overall process yield

Safety, health and environment indicators Accident frequency Accident severity ratio Number of near-misses detected Number of danger points detected Number of improvements made to dangerous work Process or line improvement Overall equipment effectiveness Availability ratio Performance ratio Quality ratio Machine maintenance efficiency Mean time between failure (MTBF) Mean time to repair (MTTR) Mean time to failure (MTTF)

Continuous process improvement techniques must include:

Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle Problem-solving cycle Expand-Focus Sequence Specific-Measurable-Achievable-Resources-Timely (SMART) Goals

Data collection and analysis techniques must include:

Brainstorming Pareto diagram Cause-and-effect diagram Check sheet Data stratification Flowchart



Control/Run charts Workflow/process analysis 5W1H (who, what, where, when, why and how)

Control mechanisms must include:

Daily progress report Milestone chart Feedback meetings or sessions


Workplace Safety and Health procedures



Skill Code AER-PMA-3116-1.1Skill Category Project ManagementSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Perform Project Planning

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to support production planning and apply them to the workplace. It includes skills in using production planning software, scoping and planning of production tasks.



Keyboard skills and basic IT operator skills Production planning software Production and QA processes Procurement and supply capability and constraints Production scheduling, time management and milestones



Use production planning software Scope production tasks Plan production tasks



Generate production schedules in accordance with enterprise standards and procedures




The ability to:


Present project plans and production schedule to relevant stakeholders, management, supervisors and production workers

Obtain approval of management to adopt proposed production schedulesIt refers to the ability to use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.

N/A Learning to Learn


N/A





Skill Code BM-SPI-304E-1

Skill Category Planning and Implementation

Skill Sub-Category (where applicable) N/A

Skill Display Critical Thinking and Analytical skills

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to apply critical thinking and analytical skills for problem-solving. It also includes challenging and rethinking ideas, analysing business issues to put forth recommendations to stakeholders and enhancing creative thinking among team members.




Methods to apply logical inquiry to issues Barriers to creativity Ways in which people may contribute to the critical thinking and

analysis process



The ability to:

Analyse business issues through the use of critical-thinking to make recommendations to relevant stakeholders



The ability to:

Challenge and rethink ideas and provide insights to relevant stakeholders for continuous business improvement





The ability to:

Make recommendations that are attuned to the needs of relevant stakeholders and aligned to organisational objectives by exercising empathy and organisational awareness to close the gaps

Learning to Learn


The ability to:

Develop a critical thinking mind-set when dealing with business issues to improve the organisation’s business practices

Demonstrate problem-solving skills within own scope of work to improve productivity and own work performance

Enhance creative thinking skills among team members to foster innovation and improve organisational performance


(where applicable)

It refers to the critical circumstances and contexts that the skill may be demonstrated.

Methods to apply logical inquiry to issues must include:

Understand and identify relevant objectives and issues Formulate and raise key questions in a clear and concise manner Gather and assess relevant information pertaining to business

situation Use abstract ideas and interpret them appropriately Recognise and assess implications and practical consequences



Skill Code ES-IP-301G-1

Skill CategoryPeople and Relationship Management


Skill Facilitate Effective Communication and Engagement at the Workplace

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to promote the use of effective communication within a team. It also includes using conflict resolution and negotiation strategies as well as building rapport with colleagues, stakeholders and customers.




Barriers to effective communication Methods to coach staff in using effective communication techniques Organisational and professional standards relating to communication Ways that various types of diversity issues affect one’s communication

and negotiation with others in the workplace Ways to validate information and history of conflict Possible causes, sources and benefits of conflict Sources of additional information, expert advice and mediation to assist

in conflict issues and assessment of a conflict situation Conflict resolution approaches and their characteristics Appropriate communication techniques for conflict resolution and

negotiation and their characteristics Negotiation styles and their characteristics Ways to confirm resolution of conflict and types of agreed follow-up

action



The ability to:

Maintain channels of communication to update staff on latest and relevant work-related information according to organisational communication policies and procedures

Promote effective communication among staff taking into account diversity issues

Assess conflict situation and develop appropriate conflict resolution strategies to negotiate issues towards a mutually acceptable outcome




The ability to:

Seek opportunities for growth and innovation and new ways of thinking as well as additional management optionsIt refers to the ability to



The ability to:

Communicate organisational communication policies and procedures to staff and monitor their compliance

Use appropriate communication techniques and tools to suit different communication styles of people in formal and informal settings


Learning to LearnThe ability to:

Resolve conflict using appropriate conflict resolution strategies, approaches and techniques


Range of ApplicationN/A

(where applicable)




Skill Code ES-IP-302G-1

Skill CategoryPeople and Relationship Management


Skill Facilitate Effective Work Teams

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to facilitate work team activities and improve a team’s performance by promoting ownership and commitment amongst team members. It also includes working on goals and targets set, maintaining positive relationships and providing support and opportunities for individual and team contributions.




Rationale for communicating thoughts and feelings to justify a position and responsibilities assigned to team members

Importance of the different roles in a team for achieving team goals and objectives

Principles for setting goals and targets for individual and team Characteristics of diversity and its impact on the relationship among

team members Importance of creating opportunities for team members to contribute

ideas and skills Differences between constructive and destructive criticism Communication techniques to facilitate a discussion



The ability to:

Provide resources, assistance and support needed by team members to complete projects or work activities

Analyse project control reports and performance assessment results to ascertain team performance and provide feedback and criticism to team members using appropriate communication techniques

Involve team members in the planning of work activities to promote ownership and commitment to work plan

Delegate duties and responsibilities taking into consideration the competencies of individual team members



The ability to:

Provide opportunities for team members to contribute ideas and skills and maintain positive relationships amongst them





The ability to:

Provide and clarify with team members on work-related information using appropriate communication techniques

Communicate thoughts and feelings to justify a position and responsibilities assigned to team members and persuade and influence them

Communicate to team members the importance and interdependence of each role and promote the benefits of diversity within the team

Communicate and agree on individual and team goals and targets to be achieved

Communicate team performance and related issues of concern to management and provide recommendations to address them

Learning to Learn


The ability to:

Respond to criticism to provide possible resolutions and seek improvement


(where applicable)


N/A



Skill Code AER-HRE-3142-1.1Skill Category Human ResourceSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Assess Competence

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to conduct competency-based assessment.



Competency-based assessments Principles of assessments Rules of evidence Components of assessment plans Relevant stakeholders Preparation for conducting assessments Communication and interpersonal skills during assessments Review of assessment plans Code of ethics for assessors



Interpret assessment plans and confirm assessment requirements, methods and tools with relevant stakeholders

Prepare assessment venues and resources in accordance with assessment plan and safety and health requirements

Record assessment evidence to support assessment decisions Review assessment plans in assessing the required competencies Apply code of ethics when conducting assessments


N/A Innovation and Value CreationIt refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.



The ability to:


Prepare candidates for assessments Conduct assessments in accordance with assessment plan Apply effective communication and interpersonal skills during the conduct

of assessment Justify assessment decisions in accordance with principles of assessment

and rules of evidence Provide clear and constructive feedback to candidates regarding the

assessment decisions


The ability to:Learning to Learn Update self on new developments in competency assessments




Principles of assessment must include: Validity Reliability Flexibility Fairness

Effective communication and interpersonal skills in the context of conducting assessments must include: Clear verbal communication Openness of stance Active listening Rephrasing questions Accurate observation of candidate’s body language Expressing empathy Sharing constructive feedback

Maintaining a professional demeanour in the context of conducting assessments must include: Focused Objective Open Positive Composed Firm Patient Responsive Clear Consistent



Skill Code AER-HRE-2141-1.1Skill Category Human ResourceSkill Sub-Category(where applicable) N/A

Skill Facilitate Workplace Learning

Skill Description This skill describes the ability to prepare and facilitate active and effective workplace learning experiences to meet learning outcomes.



Principles and key components of skills training system Characteristics of competency-based training Workplace learning methods Components of a workplace learning plan Questioning techniques Principles of giving and receiving feedback



Prepare to facilitate workplace learning Facilitate workplace learning using workplace learning plans



Develop workplace learning plans using appropriate workplace learning methods in accordance to workplace learning contexts




The ability to:


Provide feedback on learners’ progress


The ability to:Learning to Learn Update self on new developments on facilitating workplace learning


Workplace learning methods must include: Demonstrations Shadowing

Components of workplace learning plans must include: Knowledge to be acquired Skills to be practised Duration allocated for attainment of workplace learning Resource checklists





Skill Code ES-PMD-303G-1

Skill CategoryPersonal Management and Development


Skill Apply Emotional Competence to Manage Self and Team at the Workplace

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to apply self-awareness techniques and model emotional intelligence principles to facilitate an understanding and management of oneself and others in a team. It also includes cultivating a positive emotional culture in the workplace.



Differences between cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence Aspects of emotional intelligence Importance of emotional intelligence Benefits of applying emotional intelligence at work Different platforms to facilitate expression of thoughts and feelings by

team members Importance of developing emotional intelligence to build positive

relationships Domains of emotional intelligence and their applications Methods for development of emotional intelligence and its features



The ability to:

Assess emotional states of team members and respond appropriately to emotional cues, taking into consideration the different cultures and background of team members





The ability to:

Promote a positive emotional climate at the workplace It refers to the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to organisational goals.


The ability to:

Model behaviours that demonstrate application of emotional intelligence Demonstrate flexibility and adaptability in dealing with team members

and making decisions, taking their emotions into account Provide opportunities for team members to express their thoughts and

feelings and assist them in understanding the effects of their behaviour and emotions on others at the workplace

Encourage team members to develop their own emotional intelligence to build positive relationships among one another to achieve team goals




Learning to Learn The ability to:

Recognise own emotional states, the causes of those emotional states and its effects on own and team’s performance and interpersonal relationships at the workplace

Conduct self-reflection and gather feedback from team members to identify personal strengths and weaknesses for development of own emotional intelligence


Range of ApplicationDefinition of cognitive intelligence must include:

Intellectual abilities such as logic, reason, reading, writing, analysing and prioritising

Definition of emotional intelligence must include: Awareness of own emotions and ability to regulate them Awareness of the emotions of others and the ability to use the

knowledge to manage interactions with others

Aspects of emotional intelligence must include: Understanding oneself, personal goals, intentions, responses, behaviour

and all Understanding others and their feelings

Domains of emotional intelligence must include: Knowing one’s emotions Managing one’s emotions Motivating oneself Recognising and understanding others’ emotion Managing relationship through use of emotional intelligence

Behaviours that demonstrate application of emotional intelligence must include: Paying attention to other’s body language, tone of voice and facial cues Taking interest in team members and their work Acknowledging and showing appreciation for team members’

contributions Demonstrating common feelings with team members (e.g. excitement,

disappointment, et cetera) Responding to team members taking into account their profile and

cultural differences and in ways that suit their individual styles (e.g. responding in a clear and strict manner, responding with a soft approach, etc.)

(where applicable)




Applying empathy to others at the workplace Recognising impact of personal emotions on others Seeing setbacks as situational and circumstantial rather than a



Skill Code ES-PMD-301G-1

Skill CategoryPersonal Management and Development


Skill Develop Personal Effectiveness at Supervisory Level

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to apply knowledge and life skills, relate them to roles and responsibilities in the workplace and contribute to their effectiveness as a team leader or supervisor. It also includes using time management techniques, maintaining a work-life balance, managing stress and personal finances.




Types of motivational factors affecting personal goal setting and achievement

Factors that may affect the achievement of departmental goals Benefits of organising and prioritising work activities according to goals

set Practices that promote personal well-being and aspects of personal

management Issues and problems related to personal and family responsibilities and

their impact on work Common sources of assistance available to support personal

management Various budgeting techniques and their features to manage personal

expenses Factors to consider when using and maintaining credit to ensure one's

financial stability



The ability to:

Analyse personal goals and align them to departmental goals Examine personal role and responsibilities and their contribution to

departmental success Plan, organise and execute personal work activities to achieve

departmental goals Support the implementation of work-life balance programmes to achieve

organisational effectiveness




The ability to:

Identify causes of stress that affect self and team and apply stress management techniques to deal with themIt refers to the ability to



The ability to:

Apply emotional intelligence and people-management techniques to get assistance from appropriate people such as managers, peers and subordinates



Examine personal strengths and weaknesses, apply strategies to overcome weaknesses and use personal strengths to contribute towards the achievement of departmental goals

Establish own existing financial position using appropriate tools and explain how to manage such a position



(where applicable)


N/A



Skill Code ES-ACE-302G-1

Skill CategoryAnalytical, Conceptual and Evaluative


Skill Solve Problems and Make Decisions at Supervisory Level

Skill Description

This skill describes the ability to acquire the skills to work with a team of subordinates in practising problem-solving and decision-making. It also includes anticipating and identifying potential problems, facilitating team’s effort to resolve the problems, making appropriate decisions and seeing implementation plans through.




Types of information to be gathered and analysed to identify and confirm a problem

Characteristics of appropriate problem-solving tools and techniques Idea generation techniques and their characteristics Types of value and impact to be evaluated for selection of ideas Techniques to manage team conflict in decision-making process Factors affecting the effectiveness of an implementation plan Advantages and disadvantages of the various methods for gathering

feedback from relevant sources Methods used to identify deficiency in the implemented solution and

implementation plan and their characteristics



The ability to:

Identify symptoms that could lead to potential problems at the workplace using appropriate tools and techniques

Apply logical deduction to anticipate and detect problems at the workplace based on symptoms and relevant information gathered

Analyse relevant information surrounding the perceived problems and identify the exact problem using elimination process, objective reasoning or process questioning

Analyse the root causes of the problems at the workplace using appropriate problem-solving tools and techniques

Develop an implementation plan that addresses the root causes of the problems and consider the impact to self and team at the workplace

Evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented solution and implementation plan by analysing feedback gathered from relevant sources




The ability to:

Select a solution among the shortlisted ones collectively with team members using appropriate evaluative techniques and criteria

Formulate and execute modifications to restore and/or enhance effectiveness of implemented solution and implementation plan





The ability to:

Facilitate generation of solutions to solve problems by encouraging creativity among team membersIt refers to the ability to

use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics.


Review the effectiveness of modifications made and analyse learning points and best practices that can be used for future reference



(where applicable)


N/A



Version Control

Version Date Changes Made Edited by

1.1 1-May-17 Initial Version SSG and EDB



Definitions of the Five (5) Domains

Domain Definition


Knowledge includes the gathering of facts and information through traditional and digital forms. Analysis involves the cognitive processing, integration and inspection of single or multiple sources of facts and information required to perform work tasks and activities and takes into consideration, the work contexts in which the tasks and activities are carried out. The result of knowledge and analysis produce judgements on work tasks/activities/issues/areas, and the conceptualisation of solutions to solve problems at work.


Application involves the ability to perform work tasks and activities defined by the requirements of the occupation. Adaptation involves the ability to react to and manage the changes in the work contexts. The result of application and adaptation leads to the production of psycho-motor actions and behavioural reactions to the work tasks/activities/issues/areas, and the execution of the planned solutions to solve problems at work.


Innovation includes the ability to generate purposive ideas to improve work performance and/or enhance business values that are aligned to the organisational goals. As a result of innovation, the organisation is able to reap the values from individual or team contributors to achieve organisational growth.


Social intelligence includes the ability to appreciate and use affective factors in leadership, relationship and diversity management guided by professional codes of ethics as effective individuals or team contributors.

Learning to Learn

Learning-to-learn includes the ability to improve on self-development within and outside of one’s area of work. It involves the continual inspection of one’s knowledge, analytical, application, adaptive, innovative and social skills that are needed to perform the work optimally and/or solve problems effectively.


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