We will add the following words to your Vocabulary Notebook, today: • Details• Diction• Denotation• Connotation• Tone• Mood• Flashback• Foreshadowing• Suspense

Details• Small pieces of information• These facts support the writer’s

TONE!• They answer the questions: Who?

What? When? Where? Why? How? To what extent?

Diction• The writer’s word choice.• Formal – How are you?• Informal – How you doin’?• Some easy examples are: Don’t say ‘goin’ – say ‘going’, Don’t say

‘wanna’ – say ‘want to’

DenotationThe intended dictionary meaning of a word.

Connotation• the feeling or emotional

content of a word; can be positive, negative, or neutral. Connotation goes beyond the dictionary definition.• “He’s hot!”

Diction – Word Choice

• 1. Denotation- the literal or dictionary meaning

• 2. Connotation-the feeling or emotional content of a word; can be positive, negative, or neutral– A word's connotations are the feelings and judgments

associated with it. Identify the connotation of the following italicized words.

• His outfit is classy. __________________• His outfit is in style. __________________• His outfit is flashy. __________________

Tone = AuthorTone is communicated through words and

details that evoke an emotional response from the reader.

For example, word choice or phrasing may seem to convey respect, anger, lightheartedness, or sarcasm.

•MOOD - Feeling that a literary work gives to its READERS. To identify the mood in a work of literature, notice the following elements:

• MOOD - Feeling that a literary work gives to its readers. To identify the mood in a work of literature, notice the following elements:

• 1. Description of setting – EX: The forest at the edge of town was even more ominous at night. There

wasn't a house or store within two miles. So far, no one in Jake's class had been brave enough to explore it.

• 2. Imagery– EX: He walked hesitantly, leaves crunching under his feet. Bare trees

hovered over him, casting arm-like shadows across his path. His heart hammered in his chest as he inched forward.

• 3. Descriptions of Characters' Speech or Feelings– EX: Jake couldn't believe he accepted the dare. "What was I thinking?" he

muttered to himself, stopping suddenly when he heard approaching footsteps. Fear paralyzed him.

MOOD = READER’s FeelingMood, or atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a

literary work or passage.

• Writers use many devices to create mood, including images, dialogue, setting, and plot.

• Often, a writer creates a mood at the beginning of a work and then sustains the mood throughout.

• Sometimes, however, the mood of the work changes dramatically.

**Edgar Alan Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart” emits a mood of terror based on the insanity of the murderous protagonist

FlashbackA flashback is a literary device in which an

earlier episode, conversation, or event is inserted into the sequence of events.

Often flashbacks are presented as a memory of the narrator or of another character.

ForeshadowingForeshadowing is the author’s use of clues to

hint at what might happen later in the story. Writers use foreshadowing to build their readers’ expectations and to create suspense. This is used to help readers prepare for what is to come.

Suspense

Suspense is the growing interest and excitement readers experience while awaiting a climax or resolution in a work of literature. It is a feeling of anxious uncertainty about the outcome of events. Writers create suspense by raising questions in the minds of their readers.

"Tools" authors use to add suspense

• mysterious circumstances- locked doors and hidden rooms

• mysterious characters- monstrous creatures and peculiar-acting strangers

• dark settings- thunderstorms, candle-lit rooms

• difficult decisions- should I keep it a secret?

• unresolved issues- whether a character will survive an illness or live through a predicament such as hanging on the edge of a cliff