wcnn - umass amherst · maxdetect rht03 $7.96 >100 quantity from sparkfun total (per node)...
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Midway Design Review
December 1, 2014
WCNNWireless Camera Node Network
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PDR Recap: What is the problem?
� Many wildlife species are becoming endangered
� Need to study their behaviors to help them better cope with their surroundings.
� Need to monitor wildlife to determine how population sizes change over time.
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PDR Recap: Our Proposed Solution
Low cost, low power, and low maintenance wireless network of sensors and motion activated cameras.
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PDR Recap: Requirements
� Weatherproof
� Long battery life (at least 2 weeks)
� Network is easy to expand
� Approximately ¼ mile range between nodes
� Pictures: 320 x 240 pixels (qVGA)
� Network should work with at least 32 nodes
� The system should not interfere with wildlife.
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PDR Recap: Block Diagram
Node: Server:
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MDR Deliverables – Wireless communication
Transceiver Module: HopeRF RFM23BP
� Frequency: 915MHz (ISM band)
� Data Rate: up to 256 kbps
� Transmit power: up to 30dbm (1 Watt)
� Modulation: GFSK, FSK, or OOK
• We used GFSK
� Uses SPI
� Cost: $8.80
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MDR Deliverables – Wireless communication
� Proposed Deliverable: Demonstration of communication between transceiver modules connected to microcontroller and server.
� Person Responsible: Alan
� Point-to-point communication between nodes works.
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MDR Deliverables – Wireless communication
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50
100
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32 64 128 256
Ran
ge (
m)
Data Rate (kbps)
Transceiver Range Test Results
Tested with 4.5v power supply and
quarter-wavelength wire antennas
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MDR Deliverables - Camera
Camera: Miniature TTL Serial JPEG Camera
� Maximum resolution: 640x480
• We will use 320x240
� Features: JPEG Compression, auto-white-balance, auto-brightness, auto-contrast
� Uses 38400 baud UART
� Cost: $35.95
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MDR Deliverables - Camera
� Proposed Deliverable: Demonstration of capturing and storing images with camera.
� Person Responsible: Andrew
� We are able to capture and save images from the camera on a computer using a microcontroller.
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MDR Deliverables - Sensors
� PIR sensor: Parallax PIR Sensor
• Output pin generates pulse when motion is detected
� Environmental Sensors: MaxDetect RHT03 humidity and temperature sensor
• Uses proprietary single wire digital communication similar to PWM
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MDR Deliverables - Sensors
� Proposed Deliverable: Demonstration of reading data from sensors.
� Person Responsible: Ping
� We are able to detect motion with the PIR sensor and read environmental data from the temperature/humidity sensor.
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Demo
� Send image and sensor data wirelessly from one node to another node
� View the received image and data using Matlab
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Demo block diagram
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Proposed Network Layout
� Nodes will divided into “rings”.
� A nodes ring determines the number of nodes data will have to pass through to get to the server.
� For now, we will assign each node to a ring
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Proposed Node Program Flow
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Power Consumption Estimation
Low Power Transmit ReceiveImage Capture
Microcontroller (4 MHz clock) (3.3v) 145.2 µW 6.6 mW 6.6 mW 6.6 mW
Tranceiver (4.5v) 4.5 µW 2.475 W 112.5 mW 4.5 µW
Camera (3.3v) 0W* 0W* 0W* 231 mW
PIR Sensor (3.3v) 165 µW 165 µW 165 µW 165 µW
Temp/Humidity Sensor (3.3v) 165 µW 165 µW 165 µW 4.95 mW
Total: 479.7 µW 2.482 W 119.43 mW 242.72 mW
Estimated time per minute58 sec 1 sec 1 sec 0 sec
Adjusted Total 463.7 µW 41.37 mW 1.99 mW 0 W
Average Power: 43.82 mW
The estimated power consumption for one node is 43.82mW.3 D-Cell alkaline batteries (15000mAh) could theoretically power a node for 64 days if no pictures are taken.
*Information not available
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Estimated Cost
Component Unit Price Other info
PIC32MX170F256B $3.10 >100 quantity from Mouser
HopeRF RFM23BP $8.80 From Anarduino
Mini TTL Serial Camera $28.76 >100 quiantity from Adafruit
Parallax PIR Sensor $9.34 >5 quantity from Mouser
MaxDetect RHT03 $7.96 >100 quantity from Sparkfun
Total (per node) $57.96
If at least 100 nodes are produced using the components used in today’s demonstration, the cost per node would be $57.96. This does not include the cost of passive components, the PCB, and the enclosure.
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Gantt Chart
9/1/2014 10/31/2014 12/30/2014 2/28/2015
Planning
Tranceiver
Camera
Sensors
Server Hosts Website
Server-Node Communication
Multi-Node Network
PCB Design
Enclosure Design
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Future Work
� Server (host website, communicate with nodes)
• Use Intel Atom board
• Alan will do this part.
� PCB design (for nodes and server)
• Andrew will do this part
� Networking multiple nodes
• Designing routing protocols: congestion avoidance
• Node addressing: can use only 8 bits as opposed to the 32/64 bits in the IP
• Ping will do this part
� Node scheduling (sleep modes and interrupts)
• Conserve power without sacrificing functionality
• Ping will do this part
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Questions?
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References
“Humidity and Temperature Sensor - RHT03.” Sparkfun. N.p., n.d. Web 30 Nov. 2014.
"Miniature TTL Serial JPEG Camera with NTSC Video." Adafruit Industries. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014.
"PIC32MX170F256B-I/SP." Mouser Electronics. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014.
"RFM23BP - 915 Mhz FSK High Power Transceiver." Anarduino. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014.