WAVESWAVESWater And Versatile Energy SystemsWater And Versatile Energy Systems

Team Proposal PresentationTeam Proposal PresentationNovember 20, 2008November 20, 2008

Sean HenelySean HenelyLaura HerefordLaura Hereford

Mary JungMary JungTatsuya SaitoTatsuya Saito

Edward ToumayanEdward ToumayanSarah WattSarah Watt

Melanie Wong Melanie Wong Mentor: Dr. James DuncanMentor: Dr. James Duncan

AgendaAgenda

ProblemProblem Research QuestionResearch Question HypothesisHypothesis Literature ReviewLiterature Review MethodologyMethodology TimelineTimeline

ProblemProblem

Pending energy Pending energy crisiscrisis

Increasing Increasing consumption consumption rates worldwiderates worldwide

Finite resourcesFinite resources A need for viable A need for viable

renewable renewable energy sourcesenergy sources

U.S. Energy Consumption U.S. Energy Consumption (Quadrillion BTUs) vs. Time (Quadrillion BTUs) vs. Time

(Years)(Years)

Wave EnergyWave Energy

Wave energy, in Wave energy, in conjunction with conjunction with other renewable other renewable energy sources, energy sources, can help alleviate can help alleviate our dependence our dependence on fossil fuelson fossil fuels

2 TW of energy 2 TW of energy are stored in the are stored in the oceanocean

Wave Energy Levels (kW/m of wave front)Wave Energy Levels (kW/m of wave front)

Research QuestionResearch Question How can we maximize the electrical How can we maximize the electrical

output of a Wave Energy Converter output of a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) as a function of wave (WEC) as a function of wave conditions while minimizing the conditions while minimizing the environmental impact and economic environmental impact and economic cost of the device?cost of the device?HypothesisHypothesis

Modifying certain parameters of a Modifying certain parameters of a WEC such as length, diameter, WEC such as length, diameter, building material, etc., can maximize building material, etc., can maximize the efficiency of the device. the efficiency of the device.

Literature Review: Literature Review: PrototypesPrototypes

AttenuatorAttenuator Oscillating Oscillating Water ColumnWater Column

Point AbsorberPoint Absorber

OvertoppingOvertopping Oscillating Wave Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Surge Converter

Rotary Wave Energy Rotary Wave Energy CollectorCollector(R-WEC)(R-WEC)

Design Proposed by Daniel Design Proposed by Daniel DementhonDementhon Former University of Maryland FacultyFormer University of Maryland Faculty

Has only undergone preliminary Has only undergone preliminary testingtesting

Has been patentedHas been patented

Methodology: Methodology: Experimental DesignExperimental Design

1) Construction1) Construction 2) Testing2) Testing 3) Optimization - Single WEC3) Optimization - Single WEC 4) Optimization - Multiple 4) Optimization - Multiple

WECsWECs 5) Cost-Benefit Analysis5) Cost-Benefit Analysis

ConstructionConstruction

Construct prototypeConstruct prototype Representative model of the full scale Representative model of the full scale

device device Likely materials: aluminum, foamLikely materials: aluminum, foam

Wave RotorWave Rotor

TestingTesting

Wave tank Wave tank testingtesting Power Output vs. Power Output vs.

Wave HeightWave Height Power Output vs. Power Output vs.

PeriodPeriod Measurements Measurements

using a using a MultimeterMultimeter

Optimization - Single Optimization - Single WECWEC

Structural Structural modificationsmodifications LengthLength RadiusRadius PitchPitch Number of Helical Number of Helical

StripsStrips MaterialsMaterials

Analyze turbulence Analyze turbulence patternspatterns

LengthLength

PitchPitch

RadiusRadius # of # of StripsStrips

Optimization – Multiple Optimization – Multiple WECsWECs

Measure wave Measure wave fieldsfields

Determine Determine interactions interactions betweens betweens neighboring WECsneighboring WECs

Use existing wave Use existing wave measuring systemsmeasuring systems

Determine optimal Determine optimal wave farm wave farm configurationconfiguration

Cost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Benefit Analysis Economic Considerations:Economic Considerations:

Cost of development, required Cost of development, required materials, production, installation, materials, production, installation, maintenancemaintenance

Current electricity costs vs. cost of Current electricity costs vs. cost of electricity using WECelectricity using WEC

Environmental ImpactEnvironmental Impact Impact on ocean recreation and Impact on ocean recreation and

commercecommerce Impact on fauna and floraImpact on fauna and flora

TimelineTimeline SOPHOMORE YEAR SOPHOMORE YEAR

FALL 2008FALL 2008 Literature ReviewLiterature Review Proposed MethodologyProposed Methodology Grant ResearchGrant Research

SOPHOMORE YEAR SOPHOMORE YEAR SPRING 2009SPRING 2009 Finalized Methodology Finalized Methodology Testing of WECTesting of WEC Grant ApplicationsGrant Applications

JUNIOR YEAR 2009-JUNIOR YEAR 2009-20102010 Further TestingFurther Testing ColloquiaColloquia OptimizationOptimization Data AnalysisData Analysis

SENIOR YEAR 2010-SENIOR YEAR 2010-20112011 Complete ThesisComplete Thesis Thesis ConferenceThesis Conference

ReferencesReferences Dementhon, D.F. (1982). A rotary wave energy collector. Dementhon, D.F. (1982). A rotary wave energy collector. Offshore and Offshore and

Deepsea Systems Symposium, Deepsea Systems Symposium, 1-7.1-7. Holzman, D.C. (2007). Blue power: Turning tides into electricity. Holzman, D.C. (2007). Blue power: Turning tides into electricity.

Environmental Health Perspectives.Environmental Health Perspectives. 115(12), A590-A593. 115(12), A590-A593. EMEC: European Marine Energy Centre.EMEC: European Marine Energy Centre. (2008). Retrieved November (2008). Retrieved November

19, 2008, from 19, 2008, from http://www.emec.org.uk/wave_energy_devices.asp Boussinesq approximation (water waves) – Wikipedia, the free Boussinesq approximation (water waves) – Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia.encyclopedia. (2008). Retrieved November 19, 2008, from (2008). Retrieved November 19, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boussinesq_approximation_(water_waves)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boussinesq_approximation_(water_waves)

OPT: Ocean Power Technologies.OPT: Ocean Power Technologies. (2007). Retrieved November 19, (2007). Retrieved November 19, 2008, from 2008, from http://www.oceanpowertechnologies.com/res.htm

National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2008). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2008). U.S. Energy U.S. Energy Consumption: by source – Consumption: by source – Retrieved November 19, 2008, from Retrieved November 19, 2008, from http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/tribalenergy/pdfs/course_tcd0709_ok02x.pdf