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WATERTUBE BOILERS (HEATING, POWER, & TUBULAR) 5 th Class Power Engineering Book 1, Unit 1, Chapter 1

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  • WATERTUBE BOILERS

    (HEATING, POWER, &

    TUBULAR)

    5th Class Power Engineering Book 1, Unit 1, Chapter 1

  • Learning Outcome

    Describe various types of watertube boilers used in

    small industrial and heating systems

  • Glossary Words

    Baffle

    Drum

    Economizer

    Forced Draft Fan

    Header

    Heating Surface

    Mud drum

    Stack

    Superheater

    Uptake

    Water line

    watertubes

  • Table of Contents

  • Power Boiler—“High Pressure”

  • Heating Boiler—“Low Pressure”

  • Watertube “Power Boiler” used for

    heating

  • Power vs Heating

    Steam15 psi (103 kPa)

    Water 160 psi/250 F

    (120C)

    ASME Section I—Power Boilers

    High Pressure

    Low Pressure

    Steam

  • Objective 1

    Describe the construction of watertube and copper-

    tubular boilers

  • Evolution of Boilers

    https://en.m.wi

    kipedia.org/wi

    ki/Newcomen_

    atmospheric_en

    gine

    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcomen_atmospheric_engine

  • Haystack Boiler

  • Shell Boiler

  • HRT Boiler—Early Horizontal Firetube

  • Early Boilers—Locomotive

  • Objective 2

    Describe the water circulation in a longitudinal drum

    straight tube boiler

  • Straight tube Watertube Boiler

  • Straight tube Watertube Boiler

  • Straight tube Watertube Boiler

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_

    QmSRhD5w

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_QmSRhD5w

  • Box Header

  • Objective 3

    Describe two-drum bent tube boilers, and

    advantages of bent tube boilers compared to a

    straight tube boiler

  • Straight vs Bent Tubes

  • Bending the Tubes

  • Two Drum Bent Tube Watertube Boiler

  • Two-Drum Bent Tube Circulation

  • Two Drum Bent Tube Watertube Boiler

  • Advantages of Bending the Tubes

    Bent tubes form baffles and waterwalls instead of brick refractory—increased heating surface

    Smaller diameter tubes to withstand higher pressures

    Allows for expansion/contraction

    Eliminates need for box or sinuous tube headers

  • Bending the Tubes

    More heat exchange

    surface

    • Higher pressure

    • Higher steaming

    capacity

  • A-style Watertube Boiler

  • A-Style Water Tube Boiler

  • Bending the Tubes

    Field erected

    High pressure

    High capacity

  • Still back somewhere around here

  • Boiler explosion

  • Boiler explosion

  • Boiler explosion

    Grover Shoe Factory—1905

  • American Society of Mechanical

    Engineers—ASME

  • Boiler Safety

    Sound design , construction & materials

    Regular inspection

    Competent, trained operators

  • The BPVC Mandatory Code

  • ASME Recommended Rules

  • Manitoba Steam Laws—Equipment

    Manitoba Steam and Pressure Plants Act and

    Regulation

    Inspection of Equipment

    Design, construction & material standards

  • Manitoba Steam & Pressure Plants Act

  • Manitoba Steam Laws—Operators

    Manitoba Power Engineers Act

    Operator Certification

  • Power Engineers Act—Plant

    Classification

  • Power Engineers Act—Operator

    Certification

  • Learning Objective 4

    Describe the construction of the “A” type, “D” type,

    and “O” type, and the advantages of packaged

    watertube boilers

  • Choose Watertube when:

    Industrial high pressure/high steam load

    Medium & small industry/large heatingLower water volume—safer

    Quick response to load changes

    Smaller foot print/weight

    Strong natural water/steam circulation

    Better handling of expansion/contraction stress

    But

    More expensive initial cost

    Able to meet rigorous water treatment requirements

  • Package Watertube Boilers

    Low headroom Compact footprintLarge radiant

    heating surface

    Low Headroom Compact Footprint Large Furnace

  • Cleaver Brooks Model 4 & 5; Type“O”

  • The Yarrow—“A” type

  • A-style Watertube Boiler

  • Boiler #1

  • Package “D” Type

  • Boiler #1

  • Boiler #1

  • Advantages of Packaged Boilers

    (watertube & firetube)

    Standard parts, quality, construction

    One warranty dealer

    Mass production reduces costs

    “Easy” installation: comes pre-piped, pre-wired—

    need only plant hook-up

  • Packaged Watertube Boilers

    Large heating & small industrial—ASME Section I

  • Learning Objective 1

    Describe the construction of watertube and copper-

    tubular boilers

  • Steam (ASME Section I or IV)

    or Hot Water (ASME Section IV)

    Serpentine Tubes

    Less susceptible to thermal shock

    Easy tube replacement

  • Hot Water for Space Heating—ASME

    Section IV

  • Fin Tube Heat Exchanger

  • Fin Tube Heat Exchanger

  • Cleaver Brooks Models 4 & 5


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