CHEMICALS ®

Watermark® Karl Fischer Selection Guide

Precision Water Reagents

®

(800) 369-5524

Certificate #3336.012 3

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GFS Chemicals, Inc.800 Kaderly DriveColumbus, OH 43228www.gfschemicals.com

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Why GFS? 2Table of Contents 3Coulometric Selection Guide 4-5Coulometric Reagents 6-7Watermark Range Performance 8-9Volumetric Selection Guide 10-11One-component Reagents 12KF Selection Guide 13Two-component Reagents 14-15Watermark Reference material 16-17White Paper-Water Determination 18-20Sodium Bipehenyl (OHR) 21OHR Procedures 22OHR Pack & Ship 23GFS Reagents 23Analytical Specialties 24-25Certifications 26Warranties 27

Selection GuideCoulometricAnolytes

Catholytes

Diaphragm

Coulometric

Diaphragmless

1612 General Use1619 Ketones/ Aldehydes1607 Non-Polar Oil1889 Oven Reagent5202 Crude Oil1622 Pyridine

1813 Pyridine Free Generator Solution2321 Universal1623 Pyridine

1671 Fritless Reagent1889 Oven Reagent

1612

1619

1607

5202

1622

1889

1671

Ketones/Aldehydes

Biodiesel/Non-Polar/Oil

Universal Crude OilAnalysis

General Use/General Solutions (Pyridine-based)

KF Oven/Solid Samples

Fritless Reagent

General Use Alchohol (short) 1613 & 2321

2321

2321

2321/1613

1623

Usually Fritless,2321

Can be used in fritted system with 2321

4 5

Application Suggested PairingReagent

Watermark® Coulometric Reagent Selection Guide

6 7

Watermark® Coulometric Reagents

Known for its highly effective micro-determinations and automation, it’s obvious why coulometric titration has found popular application in the KF determination of water. Watermark Karl Fischer Reagents are designed for use with most coulometric systems on the market. They are specially formulated to provide the ultimate in analytical performance.

Advantages of Watermark Coulometric Titration: • Lowest increment of detection (50x lower than volumetric)• Ideal for small samples (<10 mg water) • Auto-adjusts as the material reacts with water vapor in the air• High accuracy

Watermark 1671 Fritless ReagentThe Watermark 1671 Fritless Reagent is both versatile and easy to use. Designed for use with fritless cells, Watermark 1671 can also be used with titrators that contain diaphragms or ceramic frits.

• Convenience of a single solution• Accurate and reproducible results• Fast pre-titration times• Free of chlorinated hydrocarbons• Suitable for all titrators and titration cell types

Watermark Coulometric Generator Solutions (Catholyte) GFS 1613 - Catholyte, General Use ReagentSize: Package: Product #:125 mL Ampoule 99781 GFS 2321- Catholyte, Universal Size: Package: Product #:125 mL Ampoule 99711

Coulometric Reagent Kits GFS 5605 - Coulometric Oils KitSize: Product #:8 x 100 mL Item 5202 121648 x 5 mL Item 2321 99711

GFS 1611 - Coulometric Reagent KitSize: Product #:1 L Item 1612 99771125 mL Item 1613 9978125 mL Item 1614 997931 funnel 7805

Watermark Coulometric Vessel Solutions (Anolyte)

GFS 1612 - Anolyte, General Use ReagentSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99771

GFS 1619 - Anolyte, Ketones/AldehydesSize: Package: Product #:500 mL Amber Bottle 99813

GFS 1607 - Anolyte, CFC Free, OilsSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99681

GFS 1889 - Anolyte, KF Oven ReagentSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 19183

GFS 5202 - Anolyte, Crude Oil AnalysisSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 12164

Watermark Coulometric Diaphragmless Reagent GFS 1671 - Fritless ReagentSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99851

Pe rformance

0  

0.2  

0.4  

0.6  

0.8  

1  

1.2  

0   0.2   0.4   0.6   0.8   1   1.2  

Water  Con

tent  (%

)  -­‐  Sim

ilar  R

eagent  

Water  Content  (%)  -­‐  item  1616  

8 9

Watermark® Coulometric Range: Performance

Watermark Coulometric reagents offer the best value and performance for Karl Fischer titration on the market today. With extended shelf life, rapid moisture determinations, and a stable end point, it’s easy to see why we outperform the competition. Our custom anolyte and catholyte solutions allow for faster and more accurate titrations than ever before, even when determining moisture content at microgram levels.

Coulometric TitrationWatermark Karl Fischer Coulometric Reagents were tested against competitor’s products using the same Karl Fischer coulometer set-up with identical parameters. The results clearly show Watermark coulomet-ric reagents perform faster titrations and have identical, stable endpoints when compared to the competition.

Watermark® Volumetric Range: Performance

Watermark Karl Fischer volumetric reagents were evaluated against the competitor’s products using the same volumetric titrator with identical instrument parameters. Compared to the competition, Watermark volumetric reagents showed faster titration speeds, stable end points and equivalent water recovery. Water RecoveryWatermark water content measurements are the same when com-pared to competitor reagents.

Volumetric TitrationWatermark reagents have a swift titration speed and nearly identical stable endpoints when compared to similar competitor reagents.

Watermark 1616 vs. Equivalent Competitor Reagent Water Standards at Different Percentages

Watermark 1616 vs. Equivalent Competitor Reagent Titration of Methanol

Watermark 1612 & 2321 vs. Equivalent Competitor Reagents Titration of Methanol

S election GuideVolumetricTitrant

Solvent

One-ComponentReagents

Volumetric

1600 - Single Solution, 5 mg/mL 1601 - Single Solution, 2 mg/mL 1616 - Methanol Based Titer, 5 mg/mL1893 - 5 mg/mL non-hazardous formulation 1894 - 2 mg/mL non-hazardous formulation

Two-ComponentReagents

Two-ComponentTitrants

Two-ComponentSolvents

Two-ComponentBuffers

1610 - General Purpose Solvent 1609 - Methanol Free Solvent 5322 - Solvent, Keytones/Aldehydes2978 - Solvents, Oils 3569 - Methyl Alcohol - KF Grade 2991 - KF Solvent for Oil

1604 - Non-hygroscopic Titrant, 5 mg/mL 1603 - Non-hygroscopic Titrant, 2 mg/mL 1602 - Non-hygroscopic Titrant, 1 mg/mL 1670 - Non-hygroscopic Titrant, 0.5 mg/mL

1610 - General Purpose Solvent 1609 - Methanol Free Solvent

1615 - Buffer

10 11

Volumetric Reagent Compatibility Guide

Watermark® Volumetric Reagent Selection Guide

X X X X X X X X XX X X X X X X XX X X XX X X XX X X X

X X X X

1600

- Sing

le So

lution

5 mg/m

L

1601

- Sing

le So

lution

2 mg/m

L

1616

- Meth

anol

Base

d tite

r

1893

- 5 m

g/mL n

on ha

zardo

us so

lution

1894

- 2 m

g/mL n

on ha

zardo

us so

lution

1604

- 5 m

g/mL n

on-hy

grosco

pic tit

rant

1605

- 2 m

g/mL n

on-hy

grosco

pic tit

rant

1602

- 1 m

g/mL n

on-hy

grosco

pic tit

rant

1970

- 0.5

mg/mL n

on-hy

grosco

pic tit

rant

Sample TypeGeneral purposeGeneral purpose (samples less soluble in methanol)Samples containing Aldehydes or KetonesFat / Lipid analysisShort chained alcoholsPetrochemical analysis

Solvent1610 - General purpose1609 - Methanol free solvent5322 - Solvent, ketones/aldehydes2978 - Solvent, oils - fatty3569 - Methyl alchohol, KF2991 - Solvent, oils - petro

Compa

tible

Reag

ent

Note: Lightened X represents example combination

Karl Fischer

12 13

Watermark® One-ComponentVolumetric Reagents

In one-component volumetric Karl Fischer Titration, a known concentra-tion of iodine rich titer (Reagent) is added to the vessel solution (Solvent) to consume the water in the sample. By measuring the volume of the titer added, we can calculate the amount of water in the sample. In this method, the titrant contains all the ingredients required by the KF reaction: iodine, base, sulfur dioxide, and an alcohol. The Watermark range includes titrants with titer values of 2 and 5 mg/mL of water in order to cover an array of applications.

Advantages of One-Component Watermark Titration:

• Extremely high water capacity • Fast and stable endpoints • Long shelf life• Convenient and simple to use• All KF components in one bottle

Watermark One-Component Titrants

The Watermark brand offers users a wide range of options for selecting the correct titrant. Thanks to their methanol-free formulation, most GFS KF volumetric titrants can be used for the determination of water in aldehydes and ketones. GFS 1616 is also available when a methanolbased titer is required.

Watermark 1609 - Methanol-Free Solvent

Due to interfering side reactions caused by ketones and aldehydes, solvents with methanol cannot always be used in KF titrations. Watermark 1600 and 1601 are formulated to work with 1609, a specially designed methanol-free solvent, in lieu of standard methanol, to quickly find moisture in ketones. Methanol-free solvents allow for faster titration times as well as being less hazardous than conventional methanol based solvents.

One-Component TitrantsGFS 1600 - Single Solution, 5 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99601

GFS 1601 - Single Solution, 2 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99621

GFS 1616 - Methanol Based Titer, 5 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99821

GFS 1893 - 2 mg/mL Non-HazardousSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 17301

GFS 1894 - 5 mg/mL Non-HazardousSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 17311

Watermark® Solvents GFS 1610 - General Purpose SolventSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99741

GFS 1609 - Methanol Free SolventSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99721

GFS 5322 - Solvent, Ketones I AldehydesSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 15172

GFS 2978 - Solvent, OilsSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 28742

GFS 3569 - Methyl Alcohol - KF GradeSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 50361

14 15

VolumetricWatermark® Two-ComponentVolumetric Reagents

For users who do frequent KF analysis and need a higher degree of accuracy than one-component volumetric titration can provide, two-com-ponent volumetric titration is the solution. The major differentiating factor between the two methods is that the components of the KF reaction are separated in two-component titration as opposed to being in the same bottle for one-component volumetric titration.

Advantages of Two-Component Watermark Titration:• Eliminates frequent standardizations• Exact and stable titer strength• Faster titrations• Longer shelf life• Greater accuracy for low water content• Higher buffer capacity

Watermark 1610 - General Purpose SolventWatermark 1610 is GFS’ most versatile solvent. Formulated to work with any Watermark titrant, 1610 is the choice for all applications excluding aldehyde and ketone analysis. When aldehydes or ketones are present, Watermark 1609 should be used as a methanol-free alternative.

Watermark Non-Hygroscopic TitrantsWatermark non-hygroscopic titrants are designed to be exceptionally stable with a guaranteed shelf life of 2 years. The Watermark line also offers the titrant with the lowest titer strength on the KF market: 0.5 mg/mL for samples of very low water content - perfect for labs that don’t have a coulometric titra-tor. Our products maintain a titer strength of +/- 0.05 mg/mL, making them the most advanced and stable KF reagents available.

Watermark non-hygroscopic titrants can be used with both methanol-based and methanol-free solvents (1609/1610). This allows for faster titrationsas there is no need to change the titrant and clean the burette when switching to aldehyde and ketone analysis. Another key advantage of Watermark non- hygroscopic reagents is less frequent standardizations, providing users with increased accuracy.

Two-Component Volumetric Titrants

GFS 1604 - Non-Hygroscopic Titrant, 5 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99661

GFS 1603 - Non-Hygroscopic Titrant, 2 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99651

GFS 1602 - Non-Hygroscopic Titrant, 1 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99641

GFS 1970 - Non-Hygroscopic Titrant, 0.5 mg/mLSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99691

Two-Component Volumetric Solvents GFS 1610 - General Purpose SolventSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99741

GFS 1609 - Methanol Free SolventSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99721

GFS 2991 - Solvent,OilsSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 28772

Two-Component Volumetric Buffer GFS 1615 - BufferSize: Package: Product #:1 L Amber Bottle 99801

Reference

Volumetric  Reference  MaterialsGFS  1617  -­‐ 5.00  mg  /  mL  GFS  1618  -­‐ 1.00  mg  /  mL  GFS  2196  -­‐ 0.10  mg  /  mLGravimetric  Reference  MaterialsGFS  2303  -­‐ 10  mg  /  gGFS  2304  -­‐ 5.00  mg  /  g  GFS  2302  -­‐ 1.00  mg  /  gGFS  2301  -­‐ 0.100  mg  /  gGFS  3493  -­‐ 0.50  mg  /  gGFS  2311  -­‐ 0.050  mg  /  gGFS  805  -­‐ Sodium  Tartrate,  15.61-­‐15.71%GFS  2385  -­‐ Potassium  Citrate,  5.50-­‐5.60%

16 17

Watermark® Reference Materials

Standardization of a KF reagent is necessary in order to determine its water equivalency. GFS is the primary manufacturer of a broad range of reference materials, all made in-house at our Columbus, Ohio facilities. The (liquid) water standards are delivered in boxes of 10single-use ampoules with a shelf life of over 5 years. Watermark water standards are methanol-free and can be used for all applications. All standards come with a certificate of analysis.

Custom reference materials can also be made for applications requiring other levels of water content.

Advantages of Watermark Reference Materials:

• Manufactured according to ISO 9001:2008• ISO 17025 Accreditation available soon• Single-use ampoules• Volumetric and Gravimetric standards available

Volumetric vs. GravimetricReference Materials:

GFS is proud to offer both volumetric and gravimetric water standards to be used in KF titration. These water standards are available by weight (w/w - known weight of water per gram of standard solution) or by volume (w/v - known weight of water by volume of standard solution). Whenever possible, we recommend using water standards by weight. Use of an analytical balance will allow measurement of such standards with a precision of (±) 0.0002 grams.

Watermark reference materials come in single-use 5 mL ampoules and are injected via syringe into the titration cell.

GFS Chemicals, Inc. Columbus, Ohio. Made in the U.S.A. Watermark®

is a registered trademark of GFS Chemicals. www.gfschemicals.com

PaperWhite

18 19

Water Determination in an Insecticide

IntroductionWater determination in powders can be performed through coulometric or volumetric Karl Fischer titration. Some of these materials do not dissolve in any of the common solvents used for Karl Fischer (KF) titration (i.e. methanol, 2-methoxyethanol, ethanol, etc.). Because powder materials can clog the frit of a coulometric KF unit, or because the user does not have access to this equipment, alternate methods must be found.

Anon-hygroscopic volumetric titrant of low titer strength (0.5 mg/mL (+/- 0.05 mg/mL) is specially designed for volumetric titrations of samples with low moisture content. This application note demonstrates use of the reagent and its efficacy for the determination of water.

The following equipment and reagents were used. Instrumentation: model DL38 volumetric titrator (Mettler-Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland). Reagents: item #1970, non-hygroscopic titrant, 0.5 mg/mL; item #1610, general purpose solvent, methanol-based; item #2302, water standard, 1.00 mg/g; and item #1604, non-hygroscopic titrant, 5 mg/mL. All reagents were from GFS Chemicals,Inc. (Powell, OH).

ProcedureThe solvent was changed after each determination. Because the titrant is of very low strength (0.5 mg/mL), pre-titration was accelerated by adding item #1604 (5 mg/mL titrant) to the cell using a syringe. Addition of the titrant ceased when the drift of the titrator decreased to approximately 100 microgram per milliliter. The following parameters were used in the DL38 titrator method – current (microampere): 20; endpoint (mV): 100; dV min(microliter): 3.0; dV max (microliter): 8.0;dV max factor (%): 40; drift stop: relative drift (microgram per minute): 50.

Titer determination was performed by using a 1.00 mg/g water standard. The standard was first checked by coulometric titration at 0.99 mg/g.

Results for the titer determination (three titrations) are as follows: Concentration: 0.473 mg/mL; standard deviation: 0.005 mg/mL; relative standard deviation: 0.96%.

Determination of the water in the insecticideThe water content of this insecticide was known to be fairly low, and this powder is not soluble in methanol. To check method validity and to obtain better accuracy, water determination was performed by spiking samples with various known amounts of water (from item #2302). The same method as that used for the titer determination was used, but this time with a stir time of 60 sec. When spiking the sample, the known amount of water standard was added to the vessel during the stirring time, after addition of the sample. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1Titration results: Four samples spiked with various amounts of water

1 0.530 0.000 1.501 1.332 0.585 0.850 3.576 2.873 0.570 0.505 2.873 2.37 4 0.600 0.250 2.518 1.97

Experiment Sample Water Titration Amt of water titratedNo. size (g) Spike (mg) volume (mL) per gram of sample (mg/g)

OHR

20 21

Sodium Biphenyl: the Problem Solving Reagent

Statement of the Problem Quantitative isolation of organically-bonded halide as a prerequisite for classical potentiometric determination requires extraction of the halide from an organic medium into a water-soluble ionic form. The GFS Organic Halogen Reagent (Item# 5005) does this effectively and rapidly for samples that can be dissolved in an inert solvent, such as toluene or ether. (see www.gfschemicals.com for literature references)

Reagent CharacteristicsGFS Organic Halogen Reagent is a viscous, dark blue solution of sodium biphenyl complex in diethylene glycol diethyl ether (ethyl diglyme). The product has a limited shelf life, losing strength during storage at a rate of about 3 -10% per month. Packages are marked with a projected expiration date, although the reagent may be used as long as it continues to give a dark blue, black, or green color when added to the sample. It is possible to compensate for diminished strength by increasing the amount of reagent used.

GFS schedules the production of OHR (Organic Halogen Reagent) according to anticipated customer use; we provide single-lot shipments of larger orders whenever possible. The reagent should be stored in a cool place but not refrigerated. Cold storage, which may include shipping during winter months, can result in partial crystallization of the reagent that can then adhere to the surface of the plastic bottles in which it is pack aged. Usually this condition can be detected by careful observation and solid materials often can be re-dissolved by carefully shaking the bottle after it has been warmed to room temperature or slightly above. Instructions on the use and disposal of the reagent accompanies each package shipped.

The water titrated in each sample, per gram of sample, is proportional to the known amount of water added. Therefore, the intercept of the graph in Figure 1 (water titrated per gram of sample vs.water added) is the amount of water initially present in the sample, per gram of sample.

The following parameters can be calculated. Equation: Y = 1.5704 X + 1.5549; regression parameter: R2=0.998. Y is the water titrated (in mg) per gram of sample, and R is the correlation coefficient. The R2 value (close to 1) indicates the efficiency and validity of the method. Water in the sample can be estimated to be 1.555 mg/g.

Originally published in American Laboratory News, March, 2004 and submitted by Jerome P. Bozon, GFSChemicals,Inc.

OHR

22 23

Packaging and Shipping The proper DOT shipping name: Combustible liquid, n.o.s.; normal shipment is via common carrier - ground, air shipments possible upon request. Package units consist of 20 x 15 mL plastic vials per box. Teflon liners are not to be used in the storage or packaging of OHR. The entire contents of a vial should be used in any analytical procedure in order to minimize deterioration of the product by exposure to air and moisture.

Typical ProcedureMeasure sample into a clean, dry separatory funnel. Dissolve solid or small samples in a halogen-free, anhydrous inert solvent such as toluene, ethyl diglyme, or THF. Empty one vial of OHR into the funnel, reseal, and mix. Retention of the dark blue, black, or green color indicates sufficient active reagent is present. If the color quickly fades, add additional OHR. After two minutes, extract with water or dilute nitric acid. The extracted halides, now completely converted to ionic forms, can be determined by conventional analytical methods.

AdvantagesRapid - analysis can usually be made in 30 minutes or less. Safe/Convenient - avoids hazard and difficulty of preparing sodium biphenyl in the laboratory. No need for combustion apparatus or pressure vessels.Versatile - applicable to a wide range of organic materials: pesticides, hydrocarbons, polymers, medicines, sol vents, naphtha and petrol, etc. Works with solids, liquids, and gases.Low Blanks - engineered for the production of low-halogen content OHR.Economical - saves time and eliminates the need for extraneous equipment.Wide-range - accommodates all halides, including fluoride, with either microgram traces or macro quantities.

Item#50052347234823462349

SKU ·5410174991729613378129991

Description Package Unit CommentOHR (Sodium Biphenyl Solution) 20 x 15 mL Multi-case discounts availableToluene (halogen 0.1 ppm max) 1 L Also available: 6x1 L, 4 L, 4x4 L Tetrahydrofuran (halogen 0.1 ppm max) 1 L Also available: 6x1 L, 4 L, 4x4 LEthyl DigIyme (halogen 0.1’ppm max) 1 L Also available: 6x1 L, 4 L, 4x4 LColorimetric Chloride reagent set consists of:Ferric Nitrate Sol’n 20% Fe(NO3)3 500 mLMercuric Thiocyanate in CH3OH Hg(SCN)2 500 mL Save 10% when you buy the set!Chloride Standard,1000 ppm Chloride 100 mL

GFS Reagents for OHR Analysis

}

Analytical

Specialties24 25

Analytical LaboratoryChemicals

GFS manufactures over 8,000 organic, inorganic, and analytical chemicals all in a lean manufacturing operation. We have most chemicals needed for laboratory, bench, analytical, quality control, materials characterization, scientific or research work.

Our ultra-high-purity double-distilled Veritas® and ACS SuperiorTM brand acids and Watermark® brand reagents are used throughout the world. Our AMCO Clear® Water Analysis Division manufactures the most accurate water calibration standards available for water treatment plants around the globe.

• Watermark® Pyridine-Free Karl Fischer Reagents• Veritas® HPLC Solvents• HPLC/GC/UV-Vis Solvents• Reagent Grade Solvents• Spectroscopy Products• Primary Standard Salts• Normality Solutions• Colors and Indicators• Silver Compounds• Reagents for Water & Wastewater Labs• Organic Halogen Reagent OHR/ Halogen Level Field Test Kits• Mehlich Ill solution (and others) for soils analysis• Conductivity Standards and pH Buffers• AA and ICP Standard Solutions• Anion Standard Solutions• Standard Solutions for Trace Metal Analysis• ACS Reagents• ASTM Type I Deionized water • LC-MS Solvents• LC-MS Eluents

WarrantyCertifications26 27

Warranty Information

GFS products are not intended, approved or authorized for human or animal consumption nor for direct use in any food, drug or cosmetic applications. GFS products are warranted to meet our specifications as set forth in the GFS Lot Analysis or other Company literature specifically relating thereto only. By accepting GFS’ products, Customer agrees to the limitations set forth herein, assumes all responsibility for the proper use of such products in accordance with these limitations, and agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless GFS from and against any and all claims, suits and/or liability in the event such,products are used in a manner contrary to these limitations.

GFS HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, LIABILITY AND/OR RESPONSIBILITY IN CONNECTION WITH ANY USE OR APPLICATION OF ITS PRODUCTS IN A MANNER CONTRARY TO THE LIMITATIONS SET FORTH HEREIN AND/OR SOLD AS REPACKED COMPANY BRANDED MATERIALS TO THIRD PARTIES. ANY USE OR APPLICATION OF GFS PRODUCTS IN A MANNER CONTRARY TO THESE LIMITATIONS SHALL BE AT TlHE USER’S SOLE RISK, AND SHALL RELIEVE GFS OF ALL WAR-RANTIES, LIABILITY AND RESPONSIBILITY WITH RESPECT THERETO.

These limitations may not be modified, affected or superseded by Customer, nor by any language, term or provision contained in Customer’s purchase order, confirmation or other correspondence or communication.

ONLY AN OFFICER OF GFS CHEMICALS MAY ALTER GFS STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS.RELIANCE ON CONTRADICTORY STATE-MENTS, WHETHER VERBAL OR WRITTEN, BY NON-AUTHORIZED GFS EMPLOYEES THAT WOULD ALTER THESE STANDARD GFS TERMS AND CONDITIONS IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED.

GFS Chemicals products will only be warranted if purchased directly from GFS Chemicals or through an authorized GFS Chemicals distributor.

GFS Chemicals, Inc. offers technical information and products for use by qual-ified technicians capable of understanding and communicating their respective hazards. Any recommendations or suggestions are made without warranty or guaranty of any kind. GFS assumes no responsibility connected with the use of our products or print information of any kind. In no case is the purchase of GFS products to be taken as a license to violate or infringe upon any patent.

Quality/Safety/Environment/150

As a long-standing member of the Society of Chemical Manufacturers & Affiliates (SOCMA) and the Ohio Chemistry Technology Council, GFS is committed to conducting our business with integrity and foresight.

In addition, GFS is committed to full implementation of the SOCMA ChemStewards® environmental, health, safety and security management system.

ChemStewardsGFS was founded on a business philosophy of community stewardship and respect for our environmental resources.

GFS is an ISO 9001-2008 certified companyWe guarantee our products meet the quality standards that we publish and we adhere to documented ISO procedures.

GFS is ISO/IEC 17025:2005 AccreditedThe American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA) has awarded GFS Chemicals with ISO/IEC 27025:2005 accreditation for the testing of the following product families:

• In-Spec line of UV/Vis Spectrophotometer Reference Standards• AMCO Clear line of EPA approved primary standard for calibration of turbidity sensors• pH Buffer Solutions• Conductivity Standards

CHEMICALS ®

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The Watermark® “Karl Fischer Book” is available at no charge and is written for all levels of technical expertise.

information on Watermark Karl Fischer products from reaction mechanisms through safety, solution preparation and standardization methods, applications and storage, and also eliminating interferences and water formation, and an extensive reference section.SKU# 99879

GFS Chemicals; Inc.800 Kaderly DriveColumbus, OH 43228

Serving Chemists Since 1928